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 My surname is a very common one in North China, and I have ever been in a class for forty students in which six other people had the same surname! A friend of mine commented that it was  “too much of a good thing!”

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Right in the middle of the mayor's speech that brought forth various reasons for the recent sharp rise in prices, an angry voice was heard in the crowd, “the government（  ）hanged!”

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If it（）for his help, I wouldn't be a university student now.

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（）you work hard enough（）you be able to get a PhD degree in three years.

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Man is superior to animals（） he uses language to convey his thoughts.

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Not until the early years of the 19th century（）what heat is.

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In your teens, peer-group friendships may（ ）from parents as the major influence on you.

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At the press conference, the Prime Minister（ ）the government’s refusal to compromise with terrorists.

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He has never worried about his properties because he has （ ）them against disasters and theft.

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Defenders of special protective labor legislation for women often maintain that eliminating such laws would destroy the fruits of a century-long struggle for the protection of women works. Even a brief examination of the historic practice of courts and employers would show that the fruit of such laws has been bitter: they are, in practice, more of a curse than a blessing.Sex-defined protective laws have often been based on stereotypical assumptions concerning women’s needs and abilities, and employers have frequently used them as legal excuses for discriminating against women. After the Second World War, for example, businesses and government sought to persuade women to vacate jobs in factories, thus making room in the labor force for returning veterans. The revival or passage of state laws limiting the daily or weekly work hours of women conveniently accomplished this. Employers had only to declare that overtime hours were a necessary condition of employment or promotion in their factory, and women could be quite legally fired, refused jobs, or kept at low wage levels, all in the name of “protecting” their health. By validating such laws when they are challenged by lawsuits, the courts have colluded over the years in establishing different, less advantageous employment terms for women than for men, thus reducing women’s competitiveness on the job market. At the same time, even the most well-intentioned lawmakers, courts, and employers have often been blind to the real needs of women. The lawmakers and the courts continue to permit employers to offer employee health insurance plans that cover all known human medical disabilities except those relating to pregnancy and childbirth.Finally, labor laws protecting only special groups are often ineffective at protecting the workers who are actually in the workplace. Some chemicals, for example, pose reproductive risks for women of childbearing years; manufacturers using the chemicals comply with laws protecting women against these hazards by refusing to hire them. Thus the sex-defined legislation protects the hypothetical female worker, but has no affected whatever on the safety of any actual employee. The health risks to male employees in such industries cannot be negligible, since chemicals toxic enough to cause birth defects in fetuses or sterility in women are presumably harmful to the human metabolism. Protective laws aimed at changing production materials or techniques in order to reduce such hazards would benefit all employees without discriminating against any.In sum, protective labor laws for women are discriminatory and do not meet their intended purpose. Legislators should recognize that women are in the work force to stay, and that their needs-good health care, a decent wage, and a safe workplace-are the needs of all workers. Laws that ignore these facts violate women’s rights for equal protection in employment.1. According to the author, which of the following resulted from the passage or revival of state laws limiting the work hours of women workers? .2.According to the first paragraph of the passage, the author considers which of the following to be most helpful in determining the value of special protective labor legislation for women?3.The main point of the passage is that special protective labor laws for women workers are（  ）.4.The author implies that which of the following is characteristic of many employeehealth insurance plans?5.According to the passage, special labor laws protecting women workers tend generally to have which of the following effects?

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Thursday marked the 42nd ________ of man’s first step on the moon.【华东交通大学2019】

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This kind of songbird sleeps much less during its annual ________, but that doesn’t seem to affect its flying.【江西财经大学2019】

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Even a passing ________ with real hunter-gatherer societies suggests there are considerable disadvantages to the cash-free life.【广东工业大学2019】

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Our research confirmed the ________ that when children have many different caregivers, important aspects of the development are liable to be overlooked.【河北工业大学2019】

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Ringing church bells sets up ________ in the Alpine valleys.

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Most of the local people involved in the affair have been（ ）and dismissed.

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Why be（ ）about that old coat? There’s no point in keeping it just because you were wearing it when you first met me.

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In some African countries, the cost of treating an AIDS patient may（    ）his or her entire annual income.

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The population of Pennsylvania increased from 50,000 in 1730 to more than 200,000 in 1763, （ ）to the thousands of Scotch Irish.

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Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Just over a decade into the 21st century, women’s progress can be celebrated across a range of fields. They hold the highest political offices from Thailand to Brazil, Costa Rica to Australia. A woman holds the top spot at the International Monetary Fund; another won the Nobel Prize in economics. Self-made billionaires in Beijing, tech innovators in Silicon Valley, pioneering justices in Ghana-in these and countless other areas, women are leaving their mark.But hold the applause. In Saudi Arabia, women aren’t allowed to drive. In Pakistan, 1,000 women die in honor killings every year. In the developed world, women lag behind men in pay and political power. The poverty rate among women in the U.S. rose to 14.5% last year.To measure the state of women’s progress. Newsweek ranked 165 countries, looking at five areas that affect women’s lives: treatment under the law, workforce participation, political power, and access to education and health care. Analyzing data from the United Nations and the World Economic Forum, among others, and consulting with experts and academics, we measured 28 factors to come up with our rankings.Countries with the highest scores tend to be clustered in the West, where gender discrimination is against the law, and equal rights are constitutionally enshrined (神圣化). But there were some surprises. Some otherwise high-ranking countries had relatively low scores for political representation. Canada ranked third overall but 26th in power, behind countries such as Cuba and Burundi. Does this suggest that a woman in a nation’s top office translates to better lives for women in general? Not exactly. “Trying to quantify or measure the impact of women in politics is hard because in very few countries have there been enough women in politics to make a difference,” says Anne-Marie Goetz, peace and security adviser for U.N. Women.Of course, no index can account for everything. Declaring that one country is better than another in the way that it treats more than half its citizens means relying on broad strokes and generalities. Some things simply can’t be measured. And cross-cultural comparisons can’t account for differences of opinion.Certain conclusions are nonetheless clear. For one thing, our index backs up a simple but profound statement made by Hillary Clinton at the recent Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit. “When we liberate the economic potential of women, we elevate the economic performance of communities, nations, and the world,” she said. “There is a stimulative effect that kicks in when women have greater access to jobs and the economic lives of our countries: Greater political stability. Fewer military conflicts. More food. More educational opportunity for children. By harnessing the economic potential of all women, we boost opportunity for all people.21. What does the author think about women’s progress so far?22. In what countries have women made the greatest progress?23. What do Newsweek rankings reveal about women in Canada?24. What does Anne-Marie Goetz think of a woman being in a nation’s top office?25. What does Hillary Clinton suggest we do to make the world a better place?

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