试题库在线考试题库-历年真题模拟试题及答案-考博英语在线试题测试中心-希赛网

题库

首页 > 题库 > 中国矿业大学

Directions: Write a passage of about 150 words on the following topic.The true strength of a country is best demonstrated by the willingness of its government to tolerate challenges from its own citizens.

没人否认创造力的重要性。的确，今后当几乎所有的标准程序均由计算机来完成时，创造力会被证明更为重要。然而，创造力与智力不能等同起来。一位专家的聪明才智可能表现在一个或几个领域，但他对革新不一定感兴趣，或在这方面不一定成功。与此相似，尽管革新要求一定程度的心智，但我们没有发现智力测试与创造力测试两者之间的重要联系。的确，创造力好像更依赖于某种气质和个性一一敢于冒险，吃苦耐劳，锲而不舍，但首先要有改变现状、对社会留下深远影响的愿望，而不是提高各种信息处理的效率。

Environmentalism is, in the social sciences, any theory that concerns the importance of environmental factors in the development of culture and society. The theory of environmental determinism states that the physical milieu of a people, including natural resources, climate, and geography, is the major determining factor in the formation of their culture. Determinism thereby rejects history and tradition, social and economic factors, and other aspects of culture as explanations of social development. Contemporary environmentalists recognize that physical surroundings are only part of a total environment that includes social and economic factors cultural tradition, and reciprocal influences between societies and their environment.

The TV news magazine sits precisely at the（）of information and entertainment, for while it is not a silly sitcom, it is not a documentary either.

After a slow sales start early in the year, mobile homes have been gaining favor as（）o increasingly expensive conventional housing.

It is difficult to distinguish between the things that charismatic figures do（）and those that are carefully contrived for effect.

He said it was important to put in the hours, but it was not just the hours that（）.

She threw herself into her studies with such（）energy that she entered the University at the age of 16 and graduated at 20.

My second claim concerns individual differences. Owing to the accidents of（）,environment, and their interaction, no two of us exhibit the same intelligence in precisely the same proportions.

Fortune-tellers are good at making（）statements such as "Your sorrows will change".

We hope the students would（）the information contained in the lecture.

People are getting a better idea of the need to protect（）property rights.

France's（） of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations.

There was only a small（）in the city's population over the last ten years.

They are trying to keep up as federal research budgets are barely（）inflation and industry is pulling back on investments in pure research.

Research universities have helped drive innovation for decades,（）development of everything from jet engines to the Internet.

The solution works only for couples who are self-employed, don't have small children and get along（）to spend most of their time together.

Is that lovely girl over there（）Susan Blake who used to be so fat?

Taken together, income, occupation, and education are good measures of people's social standing. Using a layered model of stratification, most sociologists describe the class system in the United States as divided into several classes: upper, upper middle, middle, lower middle, and lower class. Each class is defined by characteristics such as income, occupational prestige, and educational attainment. The different groups are arrayed along a continuum with those with the most money, education, and prestige at the top and those with the least at the bottom.In the United States, the upper class owns the major share of corporate and personal wealth; it includes those who have held wealth for generations as well as those who have recently become rich. Only a very small proportion of people actually constitute the upper class, but they control vast amounts of wealth and power in the United States. They exercise enormous control throughout society. Most of their wealth is inherited.Despite social myths to the contrary, the best predictor of future wealth is the family into which you are born. Each year, the business magazine Forbes publishes a list of the "Forbes 400"—the four hundred wealthiest families and individuals in the country. Of all the wealth represented on the Forbes 400 list, more than half is inherited, those on the list who could be called "self-made" were not typically of modest origins; most inherited significant assets (Forbes, 1997; Sklar and Collins, 1997). Those in the upper class with newly acquired wealth are known as the nouveau riche. Although they may have vast amounts of money, they are often not accepted into "old rich" circles.The upper middle class includes those with high incomes and high social prestige. They tend to be well-educated professionals or business executives. Their earnings can be quite high indeed—successful business executives can earn millions of dollars a year. It is difficult to estimate exactly how many people fall into this group because of the difficulty of drawing lines between the upper, upper middle, and middle class. Indeed, the upper middle class is often thought of as "middle class" because their lifestyle sets the standard to which many aspire, but this lifestyle is simply beyond the means of a majority of people in the United States.The middle class is hard to define; in part, being "middle class" is more than just economic position. By far the majority of Americans identify themselves as middle class even though they vary widely in lifestyle and in resources at their disposal. But the idea that the United States is an open-class system leads many to think that the majority have a middle-class lifestyle because, in general, people tend not to want to recognize class distinctions in the United States. Thus, the middle class becomes the ubiquitous norm even though many who call themselves middle class have a tenuous hold on this class position.In the hierarchy of social class, the lower middle class includes workers in the skilled trades and low-income bureaucratic workers, many of whom may actually define themselves as middle class. Examples are blue-collar workers (those in skilled trades who do manual labor) and many service workers such as secretaries, hairdressers, waitresses, police, and firefighters. Medium to low income, education, and occupational prestige define the lower middle class relative to the class groups above it. The term "lower" in this class designation refers to the relative position of the group in the stratification system, but it has a pejorative sound to many people, especially to people who are members of this class.The lower class is composed primarily of the displaced and poor. People in this class have little formal education and are often unemployed or working in minimum-wage jobs. Forty percent of the poor work; 10 percent work year-round and full time—a proportion that has generally increased over time. Recently, the concept of the underclass has been added to the lower class. The underclass includes those who have been left behind by contemporary economic developments. Rejected from the economic system, those in the underclass may become dependent on public assistance or illegal activities.1.Why does the author mention the "Forbes 400” in paragraph 3?2.According to paragraph 5, why do most people identify themselves as middle class in the United States?3.What can be inferred about poor people in the United States?4.According to paragraph 7, why has the underclass emerged?

Atmospheric pressure can support a column of water up to 10 meters high. But plants can move water much higher, the sequoia tree can pump water to its very top, more than 100 meters above the ground. Until the end of the nineteenth century, the movement of water in trees and other tall plants was a mystery. Some botanists hypothesized that the living cells of plants acted as pump. But many experiments demonstrated that the stems of plants in which all the cells are killed can still move water to appreciable heights. Other explanations for the movement of water in plants have been based on root pressure, a push on the water from the roots at the bottom of the plant. But root pressure is not nearly great enough to push water to the tops of tall trees. Furthermore, the conifers, which are among the tallest trees, have unusually low root pressures.If Water is not pumped to the top of a tall tree, and if it is not pushed to the top of a tall tree, then we may ask: How does it get there? According to the currently accepted cohesion-tension theory, water is pulled there. The pull on a rising column of water in a plant results from the evaporation of water at the top of the plant. As water is lost from the surface of the leaves, a negative pressure, or tension, is created. The evaporated water is replaced by water moving from inside the plant in unbroken columns that extend from the top of a plant to its roots. The same forces that create surface tension in any sample of water are responsible for the maintenance of these unbroken columns of water. When water is confined in tubes of very small bore, the forces of cohesion (the attraction between water molecules) are so great that the strength of a column of water compares with the strength of a steel wire of the same diameter. This cohesive strength permits columns of water to be pulled to great heights without being broken.1.The passage answers which of the following questions?2.What do the first experiments mentioned in paragraph one prove?3.How do botanists know that root pressure is not the only force that moves water in plants'?4.Which of the following statements does the passage support?

暂未登录

学员用户尊享特权

老师批改作业做题助教答疑学员专用题库高频考点梳理

上一页 1 2 3 4 5 6 下一页