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Directions: In this part, you are required to write an essay of no less than 200 words on “Is it worthwhile for you to make efforts in order to achieve your future success?” The essay should be based on the outlines below:Outline:1) Some people believe that making efforts is useless if you don’t have a parent with power or money to help you with your future success.2) Others maintain that such practice would be harmful, especially for young people and making efforts is crucial and should be encouraged.3) Your opinions.

Directions: You are asked to write an invitation letter to Professor Smith at Oxford University who will attend the International Symposium 2017 on Economy and Environmental Protection, which will be hosted by your university. He will be one of the key-note speakers, and you should provide him with the necessary information about this symposium: duration, accommodation and transportation.1) The title should be “An Invitation Letter”.2) You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.3) Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.

众所周知，爱是幸福生活的关键所在。爱帮助我们在时事艰难的时候保持沉着、平静的心态，它能帮我们度过苦难的时光。爱是享受生命中的诸多惊喜，是完全满足于生活的给予。爱是幸福生活的钥匙，爱是对他人真挚的祝福。心中有爱的人让世界充满仁慈和儒雅之风，让周围的人感到安全。他们求同存异，不把分歧当作歧视或争端的理由。

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese on the ANSWER SHEET.Two years ago, the United Nations warned that a disease called “Panama could destroy” much of the worlds banana crop. Since then, things have not gotten better. A new outbreak was discovered last year in Australia. The disease started in Asia in the 1990s, and later spread to Africa and the Middle East.World health officials worry the disease could travel to Latin America, one of the top banana producers in the world.(41) The Panama disease is a big concern because bananas are an important source of income and nutrients for millions of people. They are grown in 135 tropical nations. The United Nations lists bananas as one of the most important foods, along with rice, wheat and corn. Bananas also contain a chemical which it says makes people feel happy.Randy Ploetz, a professor at the University of Florida, is considered by many as America’s top banana expert, or, “top banana.” As he explained Panama disease affects the Cavendish banana, which is the most popular among more than 500 kinds of bananas.“The industry is waking up to the problem,” Ploetz said Thursday by telephone from Miami, Florida, where he was attending the International Banana Congress.The meeting was supposed to take place in Costa Rica, but was moved at the last minute. There were concerns banana growers could spread Panama disease from dirt collected on their shoes. Ploetz said.(42) Ploetz(普罗慈) said if the disease spreads to Latin America, it could hurt the world’s economy along with food supplies for millions of people. Still, he said there is reason for hope. Scientists in Australia are working on a genetically engineered banana that might not be at risk of getting Panama disease. But he wondered if people are ready to accept genetically engineered bananas.Robert Bertram is chief scientist for the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). He said bananas are important to many millions of people all over the world. “In Africa, Asia and tropical America, bananas are an important food source for more than 100 million people, he told VOA.” As a cash crop, bananas are sold in local, regional and international markets,” Bertram said. Banana exports provide jobs and foreign money that producing countries need, he said.Bertram said USAID is organizing a worldwide effort to resist Panama disease. A fungus, known as TR4, causes the Panama disease. Before 2013 Bertram said, it was limited to Asia. Since then, it spread to the Middle East and to Africa. In the 1960s, the same fungus wiped out the Gros Michel, banana crop, which at the time was the world’s most popular. The Cavendish replaced it.(43) At Wageningen (瓦赫宁根) University in the Netherlands, researchers are looking for Cavendish(卡文迪什) replacements. Their work is difficult. Researchers said the replacements will have to resist Panama disease, and survive the shipping time needed to get bananas to stores thousands of miles away from banana fields. And they will have to taste good.

A common myth about eating disorders is that they influence primarily economically advantaged white teenage girls. However, in（21）, as summarized in the Nine Truths, “Eating disorders （22） people of all genders, ages, races, ethnicities, body shapes and weights, sexual orientations, and socioeconomic statuses.”One of the （23） with the myth is that it can prevent those who do not match the stereotype from （24） they have an eating disorder. It also discourages professionals （25） noticing other cases of eating disorders. A study in 2006 found that doctors or nurses were less likely to （26） an eating disorder diagnosis to a person （27） his/her case history if his/her race was （28） as African American than if it was portrayed as Caucasian or Hispanic Whites.Indeed, many eating disorder （29） from diverse backgrounds have now （30） and said that their failure to fit the stereotype caused delays in diagnosis and （31）. As we know, early intervention significantly （32） treatment outcome, so such delays may lead to serious （33）.When I work with people of diverse backgrounds, they （34） tell me they are frustrated that mainstream eating disorder narratives do not portray people who （35） them. Not only the popular media, but even the marketing materials of many eating disorder treatment centers （36） to describe eating disorder sufferers mostly as the common stereotype: female, white, and thin.People of （37） backgrounds find it helpful to see themselves （38） in stories and images about eating disorders. They may be more likely to （39） their own problem and seek help when they feel included. （40）, I thought it would be useful to share some of my favorite eating disorder resources by bout, and for people of diverse backgrounds.

Next time you stop for gas at a self-serve pump, say hello to the robot in front of you. Its life story can tell you a lot about the robot economy roaring toward us like an EF5 tornado on the prairie.The first crude version of an automated gas-delivering robot appeared in 1964 at a station in Westminster, Colorado. Short Stop convenience store owner John Roscoe bought an electric box that let a clerk inside activate any of the pumps outside. Self-serve pumps didn’t catch on until the 1970s, when pump-makers added automation that let customers pay at the pump, and over the next 30 years, stations across the nation installed these task-specific robots and fired attendants.As has happened throughout the history of automation, some jobs got destroyed by automated gas pumps, but new and often better jobs were created. Attendants went away, but to make the sophisticated pumps, companies like Wayne Fueling Systems in Texas hired software coders, engineers, sales staff and project managers. Station owners took their extra profits and turned their stations into mini-marts, which needed clerks. Consumers spent less money on gas because they weren’t paying for someone else to pump it.A generation of gas station attendants got smoked, but the automation sent some clear signals that relying on such unskilled jobs isn’t a great career plan. Those signals led to more parents encouraging their kids to go to college. So over time, we took hundreds of thousands of people out of the pool of those who might want a gas station attendant job and pushed them up, toward the professional job market, adding a lot of value to society and their wallets.Economists have shown time and again that automation helps overall standards of living rise, literacy rates improve, average life span lengthen and crime rates fall. After waves of automation, were way better off in almost every way. As Matt Ridley details in his book The Rational Optimist, in 1900, the average American spent $76 out of every $100 on food clothing and shelter. Today, he or she spends $37 to buy a Model T in 1908 took about 4,700 hours of work; Today, the average person has to work about 1,000 hours to buy a car that’s a thousand times better than a Model T. The United Nations estimates that poverty was reduced more in the past 50 years than in the previous 500. If progress has been less kind to the lower end of the work force, it still helps that segment live better than before, at least by making products more affordable and better at the same time.And now, even with software automating all kinds of work, there are signs that the technology is creating more jobs than it destroys. U.S. census data released in September showed the largest annual drop in poverty since 1999. Nearly 3 million jobs were created from 2014 to 2015. Donald Trump won the presidential election by promising to bring Jobs “back” to America—a promise believed by many who feel left behind by technology-driven shifts. Yet all evidence suggests that the jobs lie ahead, created by moving forward.17. What has John Roscoe been noted for?18. The article has given concrete evidence to illustrate the benefits of automation EXCEPT .19. Matt Ridley’s The Rational Optimist reveals that people in 1908 ____.20. What does “moving forward” in the last sentence of this article probably mean?

When the going gets tough, real women start coloring. They’re picking up adult coloring books by the droves, at bookstores and craft stores, on Amazon, com and even from the Home Shopping Network.The designs appeal to every interest from whimsical doodle(异想天开的涂鸦) to nature scenes and fantasy worlds.Coloring not only evokes happy memories of childhood; the act can also foster a sense of well-being and offer a relaxing respite from our digital world. Crafters have known this intuitively for years.An accumulation of research shows that these creative activities can help you de-stress from everyday pressures. Recent studies suggest that structured rhythmic endeavors such as coloring, knitting, or quilting are particularly beneficial because they ease you into a meditative state of mind that allows you to push away negative thoughts and worries.“These activities engage your hands as well as your mind and your focus”, says art therapist Lacy Mucklow, the author of several best-selling coloring books. “Plus, the repetitive actions release serotonin(血管收缩素), the brain transmitter responsible for relaxation.”Numerous studies have looked into how crafting benefits mood and physical health. In a 2006 study co-sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts and several federal health agencies, researchers found that adults 65 or older who engaged in creative activities such as making jewelry, painting or writing had better overall health, made fewer visits to the doctor, used less medication and had fewer health problems than non-crafters.Stress reduction is a top reason Cathy Simocko-smith, 59, a professional gardener in Bridgeport，Conn, enjoys coloring. “Coloring at night while I’m watching TV helps quiet my mind,” she says. “I can really lose myself in it, and it stops me from thinking about my work and the stresses in my life.”Coloring is a great way to explore your creativity—it’s easy, inexpensive and you don’t have to know how to draw. The 10 to 20 minutes you spend coloring an image that gives you a sense of satisfaction can have a positive domino effect throughout your day.13. It is said in the passage that women start coloring when ____.14. Cathy Simocko-Smith enjoys coloring because _.15. A person who does coloring can get the following benefits EXCEPT _____.16. What does the underlined word “respite” (in Para. 3) probably mean?

Between 10 and 11: 30 p. m, as most of this city is winding down for the night, the FedEx Express World Hub is revving up for its busiest hours of the day.Some 10,000 workers pour into the campus, ready to begin a mind-bogglingly complex ritual of steering packages to customers’ doorsteps on time. Hundreds of equipment operators zoom around the 880-acre site on warehouse tugs, pulling behind them trains of silver shipping containers shaped like half-igloos(圆顶建筑). In an ear splitting operation dubbed “the matrix” package sorters corral boxes into a single-file line for a trip down a tangle of conveyor belts.On this particular night at FedEx’s largest global facility, workers will sort some 1.3 million express packages. That number only swelled when holiday shopping kicked into high gear.This logistical symphony has been decades in the making, the product of billions of dollars in investment in automated sortation systems and Boeing 767 cargo jets. During the peak hours on this night, air traffic controllers in the Tennessee city will usher in about 150 flights, an average of one every 40 seconds.Analysts say infrastructure such as this makes FedEx and its rival, UPS extremely difficult to dislodge from their thrones atop the U.S. shipping industry. And yet as dominant as they are, the stalwarts are also vulnerable facing a fresh wave of potential disruption.In the past year, Amazon.com has put 4,000 of its own truck trailers on the road and has leased 40 planes from an airfreight company, raising the specter of the e-commerce giant possibly becoming a competitor of the major shippers instead of one of their biggest customers.Uber, meanwhile, has built a fast-growing business out of ferrying people around cities, leading some analysts to wonder whether its network might also be effective at moving goods. Silicon Valley upstarts such as Deliv and Postmates also are making a play for local deliveries.And then, looking to the not-so-distant future, a host of companies pitch drones and driverless vehicles as options that could reshuffle the economics of the delivery business. Amazon announced that it had made its first customer delivery via drone bag of popcorn and a Fire TV streaming device—to a shopper in Britain.Together, these developments amount to a gathering storm for FedEx’s shipping empire.“The last time the logistics industry has had a change this big was the introduction of the ocean shipping container in the 1960s,” said Ryan Petersen chief executive of Flexport, a freight forwarding company.It’s a transformation that will test whether sprawling, sophisticated facilities such as the World Hub are a bulwark(壁垒) that protects the company or an expensive anchor that makes it hard to reposition for the future.9. What is described in the first two paragraphs?10. What do analysts say about FedEx and UPS in the US shipping industry?11. According to the author, the rising business of Uber and other companies ________.12. What does the author say about the future role of the World Hub?

Scar Jo is not the first American to convey the impression that you can get by in Paris without speaking French; David Sedaris found plenty of material writing about his dread of learning French when he lived in Paris. He avoided the challenge largely by hiding away all day in theaters, watching English-language films. Director Wes Anderson loves his place in Paris, but freely admits he doesn’t speak the language at least not well enough to understand queries at press conferences. Hence, the question: Can you actually live in Paris without speaking French?As someone married to a Frenchman, with whom I live in Paris a few months of every year, I’ll offer my quick answer: Yes. But if you can’t really talk to Parisians, you will never hit the beautiful, thoughtful, gentle sweet soft spot that lies behind their French shyness and lack of confidence—which presents itself as coldness or crankiness. Finding that sweet spot, via hours chatting with them in cafes and bars, allowed me to love Parisians after a long period of finding them completely impossible. If you are going to learn, the only way to go is total immersion. So:1. Take lessons or hire a tutor to sit in a cafe and speak French with you as often as you can afford. (And given the number of well-educated, unemployed Paris youth seeking work, it’s not that expensive.)2. Insist that your French friends speak only French with you. This is painful and will send you home at the end of the day with an aching head. But you’ll also soon realize just how different everyday French is from the stilted, outdated French you learned in school. Only very formal or written cases call for beginning questions with “Est-ce que...” or for using the nous form for us anymore. And lest you take offense when a Parisian replies to your French with her English, remember—it’s her chance to show off and practice her ESL. Parisians want you to know that they are far more likely to speak good English than French people outside of Paris, whose English mastery embarrassingly falls behind not just Northern Europe but Eastern Europe, and whose confidence levels about speaking English, accordingly, are also low.Also, don’t take offense if someone seems to be almost daring you to speak French. Says my friend Cindra Feuer, who has been living on and off in Paris for nearly two years with her French girlfriend: Her father speaks good English, but he always talks to me in French. I thought it was a challenge until my girlfriend told me that he was just insecure about speaking less than perfect English around me. And therein lies a big difference between Parisians and Americans, and our schooling systems. We were schooled and we live in a culture where it’s okay to stumble, to try and fail, to be less than perfect. The old, rote, didactic, shame-based French schooling system dies hard. French people are often afraid to speak English unless they can feel assured it’s impeccable. You, however, should cast shame aside. And if you don’t have time for a tutor, here’s a quick guide on how to fake it.5. According to the author, if one can’t really talk to Parisians, he will .6. Parisians like replying to others’ French with their English because .7. What does the author say about Parisians when compared with Americans?8. What is the author going to write about at the end of the passage?

In February of 2005, Phil Belfiore was teaching his seventh-grade students how to write a poem intentionally copying the style of the Robert frost’s “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”. He liked the sample that he had written for them, so he recorded it on his home answering machine: “Whose phone this is I think you know/I cannot answer it now though/So state your name, be very clear/I’ll call you back when I get home.’’.That act would lead to one of the most unusual friendships of his life.When Phil and his family returned to Maryland from Easter vacation, he listened to his voice messages. One gentleman caller apologized for dialing the wrong number. But he added he’d heartily enjoyed the poem. Phil laughed and thought nothing more of it, until the phone rang a few days later.“I recognized the voice immediately,” recalls Phil, now 57. “He said that he was sorry to bother me, but he was calling to hear the poem again.”The two men talked. John Thompson, a veteran now 73, lived in Cheyenne Wyoming. It turned out that his brother, David’s phone number was different from Phil’s by one digit, thus the wrong number. “Before hanging up, I told him to call back anytime whether to hear more of the poem or just to talk” recalls Phil.That was 11 years ago. They’ve spoken on the phone a few times a month ever since. John initiates most calls, but Phil will ring if a while has passed. “We seem to always connect when there’s been a big sports event.” Phil says.The men discuss football and family. John will talk excitedly about his past life or update Phil on folks he has been in touch with. “Slowly over the years our conversations have grown much more personal,” says Phil. “We talk primarily about John’s health, and love life. Also our relatives, hobbies, and whatever else comes up. Sometimes we just talk for a minute to see how the other is doing.”“Like old friends?” I ask eagerly. I’m trying to understand from Phil what draws these men to each other. ’’We are old friends.’’, Phil says.No need to over think it. John, who over 11 years has shared a little of himself at a time, has woven himself into the fabric of Phil’s life. I call John and find him an engaging storyteller with an exceptional memory. He tells me stories of his childhood visiting Capitol Hill.In the years since, John and Phil have planned to meet twice, but circumstances conspired against them. Neither minds this latest “haven’t”. They haven’t gone to a game together, had a cup of coffee together, or sat on the others sofa. Their friendship is based on the simple act of picking up the phone. It’s as simple, and as extraordinary, as that.1. Who composed the verse on the Phil’s home answering machine?2. The reason why John first called Phil was that he wanted to _______.3. What did the two men talk about most during their talks?4. What do we know about John and Phil?

In this part, you are required to write an essay of no less than 200 words entitled University Tuition System in China. The Essay should be based on the outline below:1.A brief introduction of the tuition system in universities in China;2.Viewpoints for it;3.Viewpoints against it;4.Your comments.

随着经济的发展和物质生活的丰富, 广告在日常生活中变得越来越重要了。广告提供产品的最新信息。没有广告, 消费者就不能尽快地了解附近的商店里都有什么新商品。广告有助于市场的发展, 因为货卖得越多, 价格就越便宜。广告还为报纸、杂志、广播电台和电视台等单位带来经济效益。

A recent phenomenon in present-day science and technology is the increasing trend toward “directed” or “programmed” research; i. e. research whose scope and objectives are predetermined by private or government organizations rather than researchers themselves. Any scientist working for such organizations and investigating in a given field therefore tends to do so in accordance with a plan or program designed beforehand.At the beginning of the century, however, the situation was quite different. At that time there were no industrial research organizations in the modern sense; the laboratory unit consisted of a few scientists at the most, assisted by one or two technicians. Nevertheless, the scientist, often working with inadequate equipment in unsuitable rooms, was free to choose any subject for investigation he liked, since there was no predetermined program to which he had to conform.As the century developed, the increasing magnitude and complexity of the problems to be solved made it impossible, in many cases, for the individual scientist to deal with the huge mass of new data, techniques and equipment that were required for carrying out research accurately and efficiently. The increasing scale and scope of the experiments needed to test new hypotheses and develop new techniques and industrial processes led to the setting up of research groups or teams using highly-complicated equipment in elaborately-designed laboratories. Owing to the large sum of money involved, it was then felt essential to direct these human and material resources into specific channels with clearly- defined objectives. In this way it was considered that the quickest and most practical results could be obtained. This, then, was programmed (programmatic) research.One of the effects of this organized and standardized investigation is to cause the scientist to become increasingly involved in applied research (development), especially in the branches of science which seem most likely to have industrial applications. Private industry and even government departments tend to concentrate on immediate results and show comparatively little interest in long-range investigations. In consequence, there is a steady shift of scientists from the pure to the applied field, where there are more jobs available, frequently more highly-paid and with better technical facilities than jobs connected with pure research in a university.Owing to the interdependence between pure and applied science, it is easy to see that this system, if extended too far, carries considerable dangers for the future of science—not only pure science, but applied science as well.

One of the features of London is the number of big stores, most of which are to be found in or near the West End. They are vast buildings, many stories （1） ; in them one may buy almost anything one wants, （2） a box of matches to a suite of furniture. Most of （3） are very modern and are equipped with speedy lifts and escalators, and have well-planned lighting, （4） and heating. You can spend hours wandering （5） one of these stores, and you will probably lose your （6） while you are doing so, in spite of the public notices pointing the way （7） the lifts and entrances. （8） you have been in the store so long （9） you feel hungry, you will （10） need to leave the building, for nearly all the big stores have cafes, snack （11） or restaurants. You can ring up a friend from a telephone-box and you may （12） at the theater agency to book a seat（13） an evening show; or you may drop （14） a travel department and arrange for a （15） in Wales or Western Australia. If you （16） homesick, you will be able to get a newspaper or magazine （17） your own country at the newspaper counter; and in book department you will （18） able to buy the complete （19） of William Shakespeare and the latest thriller. You can inspect the goods on sale （20） your leisure, and you will not be pestered to buy, though occasionally an assistant may ask whether he can be of help to you.

A man who could（）such treatment was a man of remarkable physical courage and moral strength.

The ship was（） in a storm off Jamaica.

She was afraid that unless the train speeded up she would lose her（） to Scotland.

Our research has focused on a drug which is so（）as to be able to change brain chemistry.

Jack is good, kind, hard-working and intelligent . （）, I can’t speak too highly of him.

The police carried out an （）investigation, but the missing woman was not yet found.

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