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Being impatient is（）with being a good teacher.

At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not（）.

Although not an economist himself, Dr. Smith has long been a severe critic of the government’s —（）policies.

It is rather（）that we still do not know how many species there are in the world today.

“Belt and Road Initiative” is a development strategy started by the Chinese government in 2013. How much do you know about it?In this section you are required to write an essay under the title “Belt and Road Initiative”. You must explain:First, what is Belt and Road Initiative.Then, what strategy Belt and Road Initiative wants to establish and promote.Finally, what influence and change do you think that Belt and Road Initiative will exert in China and the world.

Read the following paragraph carefully and then translate it into English. 当我们谈及智力，我们不是指在某种考试中取得高分的能力，也不是指学习好的能力。我们所谈的智力指的是一种生活风格，一种生活，一种在各种情况下的行为方式。真正的智力测验不是测试我们对怎样做知道多少，而是测试当我们不知道做什么时会怎样做。无论年老年少，有才智的人遇到新情况或问题时，都会豁达地面对。他努力用心和感觉去尽可能地掌握所有细节。他考虑该情况或问题，而不是考虑他自己或是这将给他带来什么后果。他大胆地、富有想象力地、机智地，而且如果不是信心十足地，至少是充满希望地去解决问题；假如他无法圆满解决，对自己的错误他也并不害怕或是感到惭愧，而且尽量从中吸取教训，这就是智力。

Read the following paragraph carefully and then translate it into Chinese. Most societies derive consensus from a long history, a language all their own, a common religion, or common ancestry. The myths by which they live are based on all of these. But the United States is a country of immigrants, coming from a great variety of nations. Lately, it has been emphasized that an asocial narcissistic personality has become characteristic of Americans, and that it is this type of personality that makes for the lack of well-being, because it prevents us from achieving consensus that would counteract a tendency to withdraw into private worlds. In this study of narcissism, Christopher Lash says that modern man, “tortured by self-consciousness, turns to new therapies not to free himself of his personal worries but to find meaning and purpose in life, to find something to live for.” There is widespread distress because national morale has declined, and we have lost an earlier sense of national vision and purpose.

Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. Mr. McWhorter’s academic specialty is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom”,for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.But the cult of the authentic and the personal, "doing our own thing", has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well-regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form, that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle: Why We Should, Like, Care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive—there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms—he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china”. A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.1.According to McWhorter, the decline of formal English（）.2.The word “talking” (Line 6, Paragraph 3) denotes （）. 3.To which of the following statements would McWhorter most likely agree?4.The description of Russians’ love of memorizing poetry shows the author’s （）. 5.According to the last paragraph, “paper plates” is to “china” as（）.

Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling（按次序排列成形）of affairs, come best from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth（怠惰）; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar.They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning（修剪）by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience.Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation.Read not to contradict and confute（驳斥）；nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books, else distilled（蒸溜的）books are like common distilled waters, flashy things.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he does not. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtile（敏锐的）；natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend（争论）.Nay（不），there is no stood or impediment（妨碍）in the wit but may be wrought out by fit studies, like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins （肾脏）; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man’s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences,let him study the schoolman; for they are cymini sectors [splitters of hairs]. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers’ cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.1.According to the passage, studies are useful on all the following occasions EXCEPT when（）.2.All of the following statements about studies is true EXCEPT that （）. 3.The author suggests that when you read a book, you should （）. 4.If a person wants to express his ideas with great eloquence, he should read a book on （）. 5.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that schoolman probably is a（）.

The fishing village of 1,480 people is a bleak and lonely place. Set on the southwestern edge of Iceland, the volcanic landscape is whipped by the North Atlantic winds, which hush everything around them. A sculpture at the entrance to the village depicts a naked man facing a wall of seawater twice his height. There is no movie theater, and many residents never venture to the capital, a 50-minute drive away.But Sandgerdi might be the perfect place to raise girls who have mathematical talent. Government researchers two years ago tested almost every 15-year-old in Iceland for it and found that boys trailed far behind girls. That fact was unique among the 41 countries that participated in the standardized test for that age group designed by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development. But while Iceland’s girls were alone in the world in their significant lead in math, their national advantage of 15 points was small compared with the one they had over boys in fishing villages like Sandgerdi, where it was closer to 30.The teachers of Sandgerdi’s 254 students were only mildly surprised by the results. They say the gender gap is a story not of talent but motivation. Boys think of school as sufferings on the way to a future of finding riches at sea; for girls, it’s their ticket out of town. Margret Ingporsdottir and Hanna Maria Heidarsdottir, both 15, students at Sandgerdi's gleaming school—which has a science laboratory, a computer room and a well-stocked library—have no doubt that they are headed for university. “I think I will be a pharmacist,” says Heidarsdottir. The teens sat in principal Gudjon Kristjansson’s office last week, waiting for a ride to the nearby town of Kevlavik, where they were competing in West Iceland’s yearly math contest, one of many throughout Iceland in which girls excel.Meanwhile, by the harbor, Gisli Tor Hauksson, 14, already has big plans that don’t require spending his afternoons toiling over geometry. “I’ll be a fisherman,” he says, just like most of his ancestors. His father recently returned home from 60 days at sea off the coast of Norway. “He came back with 1.1 million krona,” about $18,000，says Hauksson. As for school, he says，“it destroys the brain.” He intends to quit at 16, the earliest age at which he can do so legally “A boy sees his older brother who has been at sea for only two years and has a better car and a bigger house than the headmaster,” says Kristjansson.But the story of female achievement in Iceland doesn't necessarily have a happy ending. Educators have found that when girls leave their rural enclaves to attend universities in the nation’s cities, their science advantage generally shrinks. While 61% of university students are women, they make up only one-third of Iceland’s science students. By the time they enter the labor market, many are overtaken by men, who become doctors, engineers and computer technicians. Educators say they watch many bright girls suddenly flinch back in the face of real, head-to-head competition with boys. In a math class at a Reykjavik school, Asgeir Gurdmundsson, 17, says that although girls were consistently brighter than boys at school, “they just seem to leave the technical jobs to us.” Says Soirun Gensdottir, the director of education at the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture: “We have to find a way to stop girls from dropping out of sciences.”Teachers across the country have begun to experiment with ways to raise boys to the level of girls in elementary and secondary education. The high school in Kevlawik tried an experiment in 2002 and 2003, separating 16-to-20-year-olds by gender for two years. That time the boys slipped even further behind. “The boys said the girls were better anyway,” says Krlstjan Asmundsson, who taught the 25 boys. “They didn’t even try.”1.Which of the following words can best describe Sandgerdi?2.According to the passage, the reason why girls do better than boys in math at Sandgerdi is most probably the following EXCEPT（）.3.The fifth paragraph suggests that in the field of science （）. 4.Girls flinch back in the competition with boys most probably because （）. 5.Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

My professor brother and I have an argument about head and heart, about whether he overvalues IQ while I lean more toward EQ. We typically have this debate about people—can you be friends with a really smart jerk（怪物）?—but there's corollary（推论）to animals as well. I’d love it if our dog could fetch the morning paper and then read it to me over coffee, but I actually care much more about her loyal and innocent heart. There’s already enough thinking going on in our house, and we probably spend too much time in our heads. Where we need some role modeling is in instinct, and that's where a dog is a roving revelation.I did not grow up with dogs, which meant that my older daughter's respectful but unyielding determination to get one required some adjustment on my part. I often felt she was training me: from ages of 6 to 9, she gently schooled me in various breeds and their personalities, whispered to the dogs we encountered so they would charm and persuade me, demonstrated by her self-discipline that she was ready for the responsibility. And thus came our dog Twist, whom I sometimes mistake for a third daughter. At first I thought the challenge would be to train her to sit, to heel, to walk calmly beside us and not go wildly chasing the neighbourhood rabbits. But I soon discovered how much more we had to learn from her than she from us.If it is true, for example, that the secret to a child’s success is less rare genius than raw persistence, Twist's ability to stay on task is a model for us all, especially if the task is trying to capture the sunbeam that flicks（忽然摇动）around the living room as the wind blows through the branches outside. She never succeeds, and she never gives up. This includes when she runs square into walls.Then there is her unfailing patience, which breaks down only when she senses that dinnertime was 15 minutes ago and we have somehow failed to notice. Even then she is more eager than indignant （愤愤不平）, and her refusal to whine shows a restraint of which I'm not always capable when hungry.But the lesson I value most is the one in forgiveness, and Twist first offered this when she was still very young. When she was about 7 months old, we took her to the vet（兽医）to be sprayed（切除卵巢）.We turned her over to a stranger, who proceeded to perform a procedure that was probably not pleasant, But when the vet returned her to us, limp and tender, there was no recrimination（反责）, no How could you do that to me? It was as though she really knew that we could not intentionally cause her pain, and while she did not understand, she forgave and curled up with her head on my daughter's lap.I suppose we could have concluded that she was just blindly loyal and docile（温顺的）. But eventually we knew better. She is entirely capable of disobedience, as she has proved many times. She will ignore us when there are more interesting things to look at, rebuke us when we are careless, bark into the twilight when she has urgent messages to send. But her patience with our failings and fickleness（浮躁）and her willingness to give us a second chance are a daily lesson in gratitude.My friends who grew up with dogs tell me how when they were teenagers and trusted no one in the world, they could tell their dog all their secrets. It was the one friend who would not gossip or betray, could provide in the middle of the night the soft, unbegrudging（不勉强的）comfort and peace that adolescence conspires to disrupt. An age that is all about growth and risk needs some anchors and weights, a model of steadfastness when all else is in flux（处于不断变化中）. Sometimes I think Twist's devotion keeps my girls on a benevolent leash, one that hangs quietly at their side as they trot along but occasionally yanks（猛拉）them back to safety and solid ground.We've weighed so many decisions so carefully in raising our daughters—what school to send them to and what church to attend, when to give them cell phones and with what precautions. But when it comes to what really shapes their character and binds our family, I never would have thought we would owe so much to its smallest member.1.In the first paragraph, the author suggests that（）.2.According to the passage , all the following are Twist’s characteristics EXCEPT （）. 3.According to the context, the meaning of the word “square ” is closet to（）. 4.That “Twist’s devotion keeps my girls on a benevolent leash” means that（）. 5.What does the author try to express in the last paragraph?

A chameleon is a type of reptile that can（）the color of its surroundings so that it can not be seen easily.

The law exists in every civilized society so that Governments, the rich and the powerful can not（）their position.

A young man sees a sunset and, unable to understand or express the emotion that it（）in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.

Behind his large smiles and large cigars, his eyes often seemed to（）regret.

A cobweb glistening with dew seems as（）as it is lovely.

The question of salary increase will（）at the next general meeting.

As we are on the point of some important business with them, we should like to know exactly about their credit（）.

In spite of my repeated apologies, she never forgave me for my（）her private affairs.

This new round of layoff occurring in major industrial cities will only reduce profits and（）an economic crisis.

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