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Lucy changed her major from physics to computer,（）.

The right to keep your personal life private, particularly if you’re a public（）, conflicts with a free press.

None of the deals is focused on operating-system software, so none poses a direct threat to the（）of Windows.

One of the requirements for a fire is that the material（）to its burning temperature.

In the age of the Internet, readers and librarians want liberal（）to information on-line; authors and publishers want control over how their intellectual property is distributed.

The new technological revolution in American newspapers has brought increased（）, a wider range of publications and an expansion of newspaper jobs.

Satellite photographs can provide information on（）rain are falling.

Thank you for applying for a position with our firm. We do not have any openings at this time, but we shall keep your application on（）for two months.

Reading（）the mind only with materials of knowledge; it is thinking that makes what we read ours.

After a whole day’s heavy work，the old worker returned home,（）.

The republication of the poet's most recent works will certainly（）his national reputation.

Parents have a legal（）to ensure that their children are provided with efficient education suitable to their age.

Why should anyone want to read（）of books by great authors when the real pleasure comes from reading the originals?

（）, 1 hardly think I would have recognized him.

Although he had been given several traffic tickets, the driver（）that he had not been responsible for a single accident.

Scientists speculate that（）population growth and dwindling resources may force human beings to look to the sea for food.

Directions: You are required to write a short essay entitled Advantages and Disadvantages of Private Cars, guided by the following Chinese outline. Your essay should contain at least 200 words.1. 私家车增长与汽车工业的关系2. 私家车给人们生活带来的好处3. 私家车过多所带来的问题及其解决之道

In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to extend the family line or the family name，to propitiate the ancestors; to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places.In addition, one class of family reasons shares a border with the following category, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy the wife; to repair or rejuvenate the marriage; to increase the number of children on the assumption that family happiness lies that way. The point is underlined by its converse: in some societies the failure to bear children（or males）is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce.Beyond all that is the profound significance of children to the very institution of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family -they need children to enrich the circle, to validate its family character, to gather the redemptive influence of offspring. Children need the family, but the family seems also to need children, as the social institution uniquely available, at least in principle, for security, comfort, assurance, and direction in a changing, often hostile, world. To most people, such a home base, in. the literal sense, needs more than one person for sustenance and in generational extension.

The family is the center of most traditional Asians' lives. Many people worry about their families welfare, reputation, and honor. Asian families are often（1）, including several generations related by（2）or marriage living in the same home. An. Asian person's misdeeds are not blamed just on the individual but also on the family ---including the dead（3）.Traditional Chinese, among many other Asians, respect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty（4）them. Children repay their parents'（5）by being successful and supporting them in old age. This is accepted as a（6）part of life in China.（7）, taking care of the aged parents is often viewed as a tremendous（8）in the United States, where aging and family support are not（9）highly.（10）, in the youth-oriented United States, growing old is seen as a bad thing, and many old people do not receive respect.Pilipinos, the most Americanized of the Asians, are（11）extremely family-oriented. They are（12）to helping their children and will sacrifice greatly for their children to get an education.（13）, the children are devoted to their parents, who often live nearby. Grown children who leave the country for economic reasons（14）send large parts of their income home to their parents.The Vietnamese family（15）people currently（16）as well as the spirits of the dead and of the as-yet unborn. Any（17）or actions are done from family considerations, not individual desires. People's behavior is judged（18）whether it brings shame or pride to the family. The Vietnamese do not particularly believe in self-reliance; in this way, they are the（19）of people in the United States. Many Vietnamese think that their actions in this life will influence their（20）in their next life.

Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasn't surprised when this didn't make the news here in the United States—we're now the only wealthy country without such a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1993. It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks' unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem. Despite the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as “government-run personnel management" and a "dangerous precedent". In fact, every step of the way, as（usually）Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law, business groups have been strongly opposed.As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues, justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for. In her book No Exit: What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents, she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives: there is "no exit" when it comes to children. "Society expects—and needs—parents to provide their children with continuity of care, meaning the intensive, intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual, emotional and moral capabilities. And society expects—and needs―parents to persist in their roles for 18 years, or longer if needed."While most parents do this out of love, there are public penalties for not providing care. What parents do, in other words, is of deep concern to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society. The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children' welfare, yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes. To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting; really, it is to steal those benefits because they accrue（不断积累）to the whole of society as today's children become tomorrow's productive citizenry（公民）.In fact, by some estimates, the value of parental investments in children, investments of time and money（including lost wages）, is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product. If these investments generate huge social benefits-as they clearly do—the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer.1. What do we learn about paid family leave from the first paragraph?2. What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws in the United States?3. What is Professor Anne Alstott's argument for parental support?4. What does the author think of America's large body of family laws-governing children's welfare?5. Why does the author object to classifying parenting as a personal choice?

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