试题库在线考试题库-历年真题模拟试题及答案-考博英语在线试题测试中心-希赛网

题库

首页 > 题库 > 湘潭大学

Once a duckling has identified a parent, the instinctive bond becomes a powerful（） for additional learning since, by（）the parent; the duckling can acquire further information that is not genetically transmitted.

Unlike philosophers who constructed theoretically ideal states, she built a theory based on（）; thus, although her constructs may have been inelegant, they were（） sound.

A human being is quite（）creature, for the gloss of rationality that covers his or her fears and（）is thin and often easily breached.

Because many of the minerals found on the ocean floor are still（）on land where mining is relatively inexpensive, mining the ocean floor has yet to become a（） enterprise.

The Chinese, who began systematic astronomical and weather observation shortly after the ancient Egyptians, were assiduous record-keepers and because of this can claim humanity's longest continuous（）of natural events.

Nature’s energy efficiency often （）human technology: despite the intensity of the light fireflies produce, the amount of heat is negligible; only recently have humans developed chemical light-producing systems whose efficiency（） the firefly’s system.

Belying his earlier reputation for（）as a negotiator, Morgan had recently assumed a more （）stance for which many of his erstwhile critics praised him.

Professor Johnson planned to go over my paper sentence by sentence with me in his office this morning, but he hasn't（）yet.

During the interview, the mayor expressed his heart-felt gratitude through the reporters for the timely assistance and support that people from other cities have kindly（）to his citizens after the city was struck by several earthquakes.

The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience（）on benches, chairs or boxes.

It shows how economic and social and, above all, political changes have played their part, so that, correctly（）, the postage stamp in which millions of people, young and old, find pleasure, knowledge and even profit, has always been a faithful mirror of the times.

All the public facilities require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than, （）through taxes alone.

Joseph Heller is a great novelist who has thrilled thousands of leaders, （）many American accomplished novelists kneel at his feet and can't help singing his praises.

Now there is in America a curious combination of pride（）to a position where it is no longer necessary to depend upon manual labor for a living and delight in what one is able to accomplish with his hand.

（） that many animals seem to be highly sensitive to various signals associated with earthquakes, the basic question remains of how this behavior can be put to use in earthquake prediction.

Had the explosion broken out, the passengers in the plane should have been killed, for it was（）timed with the plane's take-off.

We were four scores left behind with five minutes to go, so the game looked completely（）.

Directions: For this part, you are required Io write a composition entitled “The Importance of Independent Thinking in 300 words.In the first part of your writing you should state your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET.

Directions: For this part, you are required to summarize the main idea of the following passage in plain language in about 100 words. You should write your summary on answering sheet.The greatest of all the accomplishments of twenties century science has been the discovery of human ignorance. We live, as never before, in puzzlement about nature, the universe, and ourselves most of all. It is a new experience for the species. A century ago, after the turbulence caused Darwin and Wallace had subsided and the central idea of natural selection has been grasped and accepted, we thought we knew everything essential about evolution. In the eighteen century there were no huge puzzles: human reason was all you needed in order to figure out the universe. And for most of the earlier Centuries, the Church provided both the questions and the answers, neatly packaged. Now, for the first time in human history, we are catching glimpses of our incomprehension. We can still make up stories to explain the World, as we always have, but now the stories have to be confirmed and reconfirmed by experiment. This is the scientific method, and once started on this line we cannot turn back. We are obliged to grow up in skepticism, requiring proofs for every assertion about nature, and there is no way out except to move ahead and plug away, hoping for comprehension in the future but living in a condition of intellectual instability for the long time.It is the admission of ignorance that leads to progress, not so much because the solving of a particular puzzle leads directly to a new piece of understanding but because the puzzle—if it interests enough scientists —leads to work. There is a similar phenomenon in entomology known as stigmergy, a term invented by Grasse, which means "to incite to work”. When three or four termites are collected together in a chamber they wander about aimlessly, but when more termites are added, they begin to build. It is presence of other termites in sufficient numbers at close quarters that produces the work: they pick up each other’s fecal pellets and stack them in neat columns, and when the columns are precisely the right height, the termites reach across and turn the perfect arches that form the foundation of the termitarium. No single termite knows how to do any of this, but as soon as there are enough termites gathered together they become flawless architects; sensing their distances from each other although blind, building an immensely complicated structure with its own air-conditioning and humidity control. They work their lives away in this ecosystem built by themselves. The nearest thing to a termitarium that f can think of in human behavior is the making of language, which we do by keeping at each other all our lives, generation after generation, changing the structure by some sort of instinct.Very little is understood about this kind of collective behavior, It is out of fashion these days to talk of “superorganisms", but here simply aren’t enough reductionist details in hand to explain away the phenomenon of termites and other social insects: some very good guesses can be made about their chemical signaling systems, but the plain fact they exhibit something like a collective intelligence is a mystery, or anyway an unsolved problem, that might contain important implications for social life in general. This mystery is the best introduction I can think of to biological science in college. It should be taught for its strangeness, and for the ambiguity of its meaning. It should be taught to premedical students, who need lessons early in their careers about the uncertainties in science.

For over a decade Royal Dutch Shell, along with its Japanese partners, Mitsui and Mitsubishi. Has been struggling to coax oil and gas out of the frozen seas off Sakhalin Island, in Russian’s far cast. Over the years the scheme has run into environmental protests, its projected cost has doubled to $20 billion and its completion date has receded. But it is now nearly finished. With oil and gas prices high and a flood of revenue imminent it is an odd time for the three owners to reduce their shareholding. Yet that is exactly what they offered to do this week, by selling a majority stake in the project to Gazprom, Russia’s state-owned gas giant.Gazprom’s masters in the Kremlin have made no bones of their desire to keep big energy projects in the family, so to speak. Russian officials had been making life difficult for the Sakhalin project by threatening dire consequences for minor environmental lapses. The shareholders, perhaps mindful of the fate of Yukos, a big Russian oil firm bankrupted by over-zealous tax inspectors, presumably concluded that Gazprom was making them, an offer they could not refuse.When it comes to energy, Vladimir Putin’s Russia seems prone to loutish behavior-despite constant claims that Russia is a reliable partner. In addition to mugging Yukos, it has often intimidated its neighbors with threats to cut off their oil or gas supplies. Earlier this year, when Lithuania (立陶宛)had the temerity to sell an oil refinery to a Polish firm instead of Russian one, the pipeline that supplies the refinery with Russian oil suddenly succumbed to a mysterious technical fault. Last winter Gazprom appeared to blackmail Ukraine’s new pro-Western government by cutting off the country's gas amid a dispute over prices. The episode sent a chill throughout Europe, which relies on Gazprom for about a quarter of its gas. Japan, the fixture recipient of most of the gas from Sakhalin, will now also find itself at Gazprom's mercy.Russia’s government, of course, is not the only to try to grab a bigger share of the takings as oil and gas prices go up. Britain recently raised taxes on production from the North Sea. And Russia has a strong incentive to rewrite the rules, since it agreed to generous terms for projects like Sakhalin back in the 1990s, when it had no money to develop its resources itself and was desperate to attract foreign investment. But its brutish behavior will probably backfire. The next time the oil price falls or money runs short, it might end up having to offer even more munificent terms to lure the oilmen back. Russia risks scaring off investors of all stripes, as well as potential customers for its oil and gas.Moreover, Russia still needs the expertise of foreign firms. Gazprom and its start-controlled counterpart in the oil business, Rosneft, are hopeless at increasing their output-except by buying up other firm assets on the cheap. So the Russian state’s insistence on developing its oil and gas by itself is not just bad news for the shareholders of Shell, Mitsubishi and Mitsui. It is also bad news for ordinary Russians, who will not see as much oil wealth as they otherwise might.What explains these self-defeating tactics? Mainly Mr. Putin’s belief that energy is a weapon with which to restore the lost greatness of the Soviet Union. No longer need Russia in the West cap-in-hand for money, as it did in Boris Yeltsin’s day. Now it can stand tall once more, not least in the neighboring ex-Soviet countries that many in Moscow have never reconciled themselves to losing. Whenever these places seem to look to the west, still more aspire to join such Western club as NATO or the European Union, the Russians have reacted petulantly, as they did earlier this year by imposing trade embargoes on Georgia and Moldova.

暂未登录

学员用户尊享特权

老师批改作业做题助教答疑学员专用题库高频考点梳理

上一页 5 6 7 8 9 10 下一页