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You are expected to ask the ______ candidates a technical question to judge their ability.

These effects result in nutrient imbalances in plants, ______ reducing plant growth.

To prevent rogue servers from ______ data in transit, the servers themselves should be digitally authenticated before any data is moved between them.

An existing work agreement ______ on August 14 and negotiations for a new one have broken down.

There was no way to independently ______ the identity of the men killed and arrested on Saturday night.

Egyptians are very friendly people, and even the poorest person will show ______ to a stranger.

The software analyses voice patterns, and detects ______ changes which can point to the suspect’s lying.

The door closed and the helicopter immediately ______ vertically to 1000 feet.

Her family complained that she was overactive and spending ______ amounts of money.

It would take the city many years to ______ the newcomers into the patterns of a strange life.

Nowadays, many teachers have to take private pupils to ______ their salary.

The dogs followed the ______ of the escaped convict and finally found out his hideout.

I hope that our manager will ______ the problems at their roots.

In spite of the ______ economic forecasts, manufacturing output has risen slightly.

Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition of no less than 300 words under the title of “The Relation between Technology and Human Life”. Please write you composition on the Answer Sheet.

在推进素质教育的进程中，宣传舆论发挥着重大作用。它能正确地引导学生、家长和社会各界。在教育观念上形成共识，有助于形成全社会关心、支持、参与实施素质教育的良好环境。我们希望新闻工作者要深入学校，及时发现和宣传报道实施素质教育的好典型、好经验。作家、艺术家、教育研究工作者都要从各自的角度为推行素质教育作出努力。这一切都是为了我们能够培养出真正合格的一代新人。我想，这一点全社会都责无旁贷。实施素质教育是涉及教育方向、教育功能、教育制度以及教育内容、方法等各个方面的综合性改革；是涉及到价值观念、人才观念、教育质量观念等思想方面的大变革；是涉及到劳动事制度、招生考试内容和方法等一系列的社会性改革；是我国教育为实现经济工作的两个转变，实现社会可持续发展，实施科教兴国战略而必须进行的具有根本性意义的重大转变；是一项事关全局、影响深远和涉及社会各方面的系统工程。现在全面推行素质教育的客观条件和环境已经有所改善，但还不能说问题已经完全解决。

Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Write your corrections on the Answer sheet.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our period. 1. Period → timeMany of the arguments having used for the study of literature as a 2. having → /school subject are valid for study of television. 3. ∧study → the Health at Every Size (HAES) is a lifestyle that encourages health eating and 1. enjoyable physical activity as a way to feel better and live longer. Unlike otherprograms, it does not believe weight loss through dieting is the way becoming 2. healthy. Scientific evidence supports this idea. In a study by researchers at theU.S. Department of Agriculture, 78 obese women were place into neither the 3. HAES program or a traditional weight-loss program. Women in the weight-lossprogram were constructed to eat less, count calories, and exercise more. 4. The HAES group was encouraged to eat when they were hungry and to appreciatethe feeling of full, to make healthy food choices, and to find a style of physical 5. activity that was most enjoyable for them. They were not given a list of “forbidding 6. foods”, nor were they told to exercise to lose weight. They were also given techniquesto increase their self-esteem and to increase the confidence they had in their bodies. 7. After two years, both groups weighted approximately the same. The women in the 8. weight-loss group lost some weight after six months, but gained it after two years. 9. The women in the HAES group had healthier blood pressure, lower cholesterol, andwere more physically active than the dieting group.Linda Bacon said: “People who live by HAES ideas tend to feel better aboutthemselves, and that can lead to better health, too, with fewer stress.” 10.

“Depression” is more than a serious economic downturn. What distinguishes a depression from a harsh recession is paralyzing fear—fear of the unknown so great that it causes consumers, businesses, and investors to retreat and panic. They save up cash and desperately cut spending. They sell stocks and other assets. A shattering loss of confidence inspires behavior that overwhelms the normal self-correcting mechanisms that usually prevent a recession from becoming deep and prolonged: a depression.Comparing 1929 with 2007-09, Christina Romer, the head of President Obama’s Council of Economic Advisers, finds the initial blow to confidence far greater now than then. True, stock prices fell a third from September to December 1929, but fewer Americans then owned stocks. Moreover, home prices barely dropped. From December 1928 to December 1929, total household wealth declined only 3%. By contrast, the loss in household wealth between December 2007 and December 2008 was 17%. Both stocks and homes, more widely held, dropped more. Thus traumatized, the economy might have gone into a free fall ending in depression. Indeed, it did go into free fall. Shoppers refrained from buying cars, appliances, and other big-ticket items. Spending on such “durables” dropped at a 12% annual rate in 2008’s third quarter, a 20% rate in the fourth. And business shelved investment projects.That these huge declines didn’t lead to depression mainly reflects, as Romer argues, countermeasures taken by the government. Private markets for goods, services, labor, and securities do mostly self-correct, but panic feeds on itself and disarms these stabilizing tendencies. In this situation, only government can protect the economy as a whole, because most individuals and companies are involved in the self-defeating behavior of self-protection.Government’s failure to perform this role in the early 1930s transformed recession into depression. Scholars will debate which interventions this time—the Federal Reserve’s support of a failing credit system, guarantees of band debt. Obama’s “stimulus” plan and bank “stress test”—counted most in preventing a recurrence. Regardless, all these complex measures had the same psychological purpose: to reassure people that this free fall would stop and, thereby, curb the fear that would perpetuate a free fall.All these improved confidence. But the consumer sentiment index remains week, and all the rebound has occurred in Americans’ evaluation of future economic conditions not the present. Unemployment (9.8%) is abysmal, the recovery’s strength unclear. Here, too, there is an echo from the 1930s. Despite bottoming out in 1933, the Depression didn’t end until World War II. Some government policies aided recovery; some hindered it. The good news today is that the bad news is not worse.66. Why do consumers, businesses and investors retreat and panic in times of depression?67. What does Christina Romer say about the current economic recession?68. Why didn’t the current recession turn into a depression according to Christina Romer?69. What is the chief purpose of all the countermeasures taken?70. What does the author think of today’s economic situation?

All the rows, all the ethical problems and all the money spent in pursuing the human code for life will have been well worth it if it fulfills even more of its medical promise.The potential prizes certainly glitter. In the far future, it may be possible to prevent genetic diseases from being inherited by cutting them out of the gene pool once and for all, so-called germ-line engineering. At the nearer end of the time scale, genetic tests are allowing people to choose suitable therapies and lifestyles to beat disease. An in between, lie further tantalizing prospects, thousands of new drugs for previously untreatable diseases; drugs tailored to individuals, so with far fewer side effects, the ability to replace faulty genes, short-circuiting diseases at source.But the work of turning the base pair data into the gold of new treatments has already begun, according to Dr. Francis Collins, head of the US National Human Research Institute, “I keep a tally of the genes that are responsible for human diseases that are identified over the course of a year.” In a good year, in times gone by, there might have been two or three. Last year, there have been 29 discovered.Private companies have also combed the data to find genes that play roles in diabetes, asthma, psoriasis and migraines. The most extreme suggested use for the human genome data is editing the DNA inheritance passed down from one generation to the next. Such a scenario involves identifying an abnormal gene and the correcting it in the cells which are used to pass genetic information to offspring. No subsequent generation would then be affected by their ancestors’ gene defect. However, such irreversible intervention with the code for life will only be allowed after major ethical reservations and safety concerns over possible unexpected results of the changes are addressed.There is little doubt that the revelation of the human genome will benefit healthcare in the short and long term. But many of the treatments will be expensive and will do nothing to avoid the damage caused by viral and bacterial diseases. It has been suggested that a brave new world awaits us in which all ailments can be monitored from a daily mouth swab inserted into a DNA reader in our bathroom cabinets. But Dr. Ian Purvis says, it could be that like, a long time in the future, but that is based on the rather arrogant view humanity has that it will understand everything we find…and we never have in the past.61. By saying that the “potential prizes certainly glitter”, the author means that .62. The chief purpose of germ-line engineering is to .63. From the first sentence of the third paragraph we learn that .64. The author warns that in trying to alter human genes, special attention should be paid to .65. According to Dr. Purvis, human beings __.

A bull grazes on dry wheat husks in Logan, Kansas, one of the regions hit by the record drought that has affected more than half of the US and is expected to drive up food prices.Leading water scientists have issued one of the sternest warnings yet about global food supplies, saying that the world’s population may have to switch almost completely to a vegetarian diet over the next 40 years to avoid catastrophic shortages.Adopting a vegetarian diet is one option to increase the amount of water available to grow more food in an increasingly climate-unstable world, the scientists said. Animal protein-rich food consumes 5 to 10 times more water than a vegetarian diet. One third of the world’s arable land is used to grow crops to feed animals. Other options to feed people include eliminating waste and increasing trade between countries in food surplus and those in deficit.“900 million people already go hungry and 2 million people are malnourished in spite of the fact that per capita food production continues to increase.” they said. “With 70% of all available water being in agriculture, growing more food to feed an additional 2 billion people by 2050 will place pressure on available water and land.”The report is being released at the start of the annual world water conference in Stockholm, Sweden, where 2,500 politicians, UN bodies, non-governmental groups and researchers from 120 countries meet to address global water supply problems.Competition for water between food production and other uses will intensify pressure on essential resources, the scientists said. “The UN predicts that we must increase found production by 70% by mid 21th century. This will place additional pressure on our ‘already stressed water resources’ at a time when we also need to allocate more water to satisfy global energy demand…which is expected to rise 60% over the coming 30 years—and to generate electricity for the 1.3 billion people currently without it” said the report.Overeating, undernourishment and waste are all on the rise and increased food production may face future constraints from water scarcity.“We will need a new recipe to feed the world in the future,” said the report’s editor, Anders Jagerskog.A separate report from the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) said the best way for countries to protect millions of farmers from food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia was to help them invest in small pumps and simple technology, rather than to develop expensive, large-scale irrigation projects.“Farmer across the developing world are increasingly relying on and benefiting from small-scale, locally-relevant water solutions. These techniques could increase yields up to 300% and add tens of billions of US dollars to household revenues across sub Saharan Africa and south Asia,” Said Dr. Colin Chartres, the director general.56. What can be inferred from the water scientists’ warning?57. What do the scientists say can be done to increase food supply?58. According to the water scientists’ report, .59. In regard to the problem of water supply, scientists believe .60. What does the IWMI say is the best solution to food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia?

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