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Passage ACustom has not commonly been regarded as a subject of any great moment. The inner workings of our brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonplace. As a matter of fact, it is the other way round. Traditional custom, taken the world over, is a mass of detailed behavior more astonishing than what any one person can ever evolve in individual actions, no matter how abnormal. Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter. The fact of first-rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays in experience and belief and the very great varieties it may manifest.No man ever looks at the world with pure eyes. Even in his philosophical probing he cannot go behind certain stereotypes. John Dewey has said that the part played by custom in shaping the behavior of the individual, as against any way in which he can affect traditional custom, is as the proportion of the total vocabulary of the mother tongue against those words of his own baby talk.Passage B教育的主要目标之一就是给未来的公民准备好他们在成人社会占有一席之地所需要的一切。当今的成人社会由男人和女人组成,所以男女分开的学校怎么可能为他们的将来做好恰当的准备呢?男女同校的教育给孩子提供的完全是现实社会的真实缩影。男孩女孩都有机会互相了解,有机会学着从小在一起生活。在这里,他们可以在学习能力、体育运动成绩和许多课外活动方面进行相互比较,这些都是学校生活的一部分。

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Most people who travel long distances complaining of jetlag. Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone __1__ making mistakes. It is actually caused by __2__ of your “body clock”—a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological __3__. The body clock is designed for a __4__ rhythm of daylight and darkness, so it is thrown out of balance when it __5__ daylight and darkness at the “wrong” times in a new time zone. The __6__ of jetlag often persist for days __7__ the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone.Now a new anti-jetlag system is __8__ that is based on proven __9__ pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin Moore-Ede has __10__ a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone __11__ controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates __12__ of the discomfort of jetlag.A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact time to either __13__ or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The __14__ schedule for light exposure depends a great deal on __15__ travel planes.Data on a specific flight itinerary and the individual’s sleep __16__ are used to produce a Trip Guide with __17__ on exactly when to be exposed to bright light.When the Trip Guide calls __18__ bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark outside or the weather is bad, or you are on an airplane, you can use a special light __19__ to provide the necessary light __20__ for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.

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