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Successful innovations have driven many older technologies to extinction and have resulted in higher productivity, greater consumption materials through the economy and increased quantities of metals and other substances in use per capita. The history of industrial development abounds with examples.In 1870, horses and mules were the prime source of power on US farms. One horse or mule was required to support four human beings — a ration that remained almost constant for many decades. At that time, had a national commission been asked to forecast the horse and mule population for 1970, its answer probably would have depended on whether its consultants were of an economic or technological turn of mind. Had they been “economists”, they would probably have projected the 1970 horse or mule population to be more than 50 million. Had they been “technologists”，they would have recognized that the power of steam had already been harnessed to industry and to land and ocean transport. They would have recognized further that it would be only a matter of time before steam would be the prime source of power on the farm. It would have been difficult for them to avoid the conclusion that the horse and mule population would decline rapidly.1.According to the passage, what supplied most of the power on U.S. farms in 1870?2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a consequence of new technological developments?3.It can be inferred from the passage that by 1870（）.4.In the second paragraph, the author suggests that “economists” would（）. 5.What is the author’s attitude toward changes brought on by technological innovation?

The match was canceled because most of the members （）a match without a standard court

Marry （）my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.

Although （）happened in that developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.

My father decides to make me go back to college immediately, study my lessons carefully, and（）.

The result of our survey indicated that students in the city averaged（）of daily self-study this year than last year.

The professor has assigned the students a research paper, the purpose （）is to acquaint them with methods of scholarly research.

While some business executives repeated their objections to the new smoking restrictions, others said they wanted more time to （）the impact of today's decision.

Don’t run （）the idea that Scotsmen are mean. They just don’t like wasting money.

Some people think that a （）translation, or word-for-word translation, is easier than a free translation.

There was a long （） silence between them after his angry words.

Singer as she is, Marie has always preferred （）her own clothes （）them in the shops.

The building collapsed because its foundation was not strong enough to （）the weight of the building.

The company has （）its operations in Stamford by opening a new branch office there.

One authority made a census of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, and he （）that there were more than 2,250,000 spiders in one acre.

Another urgent problem （）the new kingdom was that of the education of its citizens.

The loss of the （）of his hearing didn’t stop him from being a useful member of the society.

Although American institutions have an unquestionable prestige in the （）academic marketplace, their history was not comparable with that of the British ones.

It’s a mistake to think of Florida only （）its tourist attractions.

I was deeply impressed by the hostess' （）and enjoyed the dinner party very much.

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