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I am disgusted ____________the way the couple talks about the actress's private life.

Last month, Mars and Earth were at the closest points in their ____________orbits. The distance between the two worlds was 68 million kilometers.

Though she isn't British by birth, she is a British citizen by ____________of her marriage to an Englishman.

When Mr. Johns went shopping at the thrift store, he was looking for a ____________.

Educational Service Inc. operates 70 institutes in the United States and they concentrate on providing career-focused degree programs to ____________28 000 students.

Our program is different ____________it stresses the technical skills that business and industry seek as they incorporate the internet into their enterprise systems.

Without outside ____________China's advertising cannot really mature and obtain a foothold in the global ads market.

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 45 minutes to write a short essay of about 300 words following the picture given below: (1) Describe the picture. (2) Give your opinion. Write the essay on the ANSWER SHEET (2) only.

"Use it or lose it" is the new approach to back pain. In the last few years, there has been a （1） change in the way doctors treat this most common disease. Weeks or months of rest in bed 一the （2） method of treatment for so long — are now thought to be surely harmful. Muscles become soft, joints become （3） and what started out as a （4） acute condition quickly turns into a continuing disability. Far better, according to current thinking, is to put up with a little pain and get moving.The change has not happened overnight. For years, some specialists have had an （5） feeling that bed rest was not the answer. But what finally put an end to （6） bed rest was a study of more than 200 patients who were treated for back pain in a clinic in Taxes. Not only did patients who had two days' bed rest do totally as well as those given seven days, they （7） only half as much time altogether （8） work.As a result of the study, experts now recommend that （9） anyone with acute back pain should spend more than a few days （10） down. After that should come a program of gradually （11） exercise, probably accompanied by some （12） treatments such as massage, heat or ultrasound.Because of hospital waiting lists, most people have to wait several weeks before receiving the treatment they neeD.Unfortunately this wait is often spent in bed or inactive for （13） of doing further damage to the back. It has been estimated that for every day an injured muscle is rested it loses at least one per cent of its （14） . Stay in bed for two or three weeks and it will be far （15） to rebuild a damaged muscle.

Up until the age of 18, I read very little. I （1） myself to what was necessary for a secondary-school （2）. I was always busy either playing soccer or falling in love. Then came the day when, as a young columnist, my main （3） was to read. And I got to like it. My head spun! An unknown passion took （4） of me. What happened? For me, it was the （5） of a new state of being in love. I began to take possession of books and to annotate them.（6） I would tell them, in an only slightly （7） way, how much I liked them or didn’t. Today, 25 years later, I （8） through my books from those days and it's magic, finding myself face to face with the young man I once was. Sometimes I （9） him. Other times I find him （10）. Certain remarks seem（11）to me now. Others make me happy. I was right about that, I sometimes say to myself. Twenty-five years later I find the（12） trace of my thoughts, my （13）of that time. That’s why I never lend out my books. I give （14） the ones of which I have two （15） and the ones I’ve never read. But the ones I’ve （16） up cannot （17）: they have become my journals, my （18）.To let someone read them would be （19）myself up to scrutiny. I would be allowing others to break into me like a （20） breaks into a house.

Before many people buy a car, a television or a washing machine, they shop around for the best deal. Yet, when some of these people find themselves in a position in which a second medical opinion is a good idea—when facing a difficult operation, for example—they are unwilling to go further. Sometimes it doesn’t matter. But sometimes it can lead to the wrong treatment, even death.A number of psychological roadblocks get in the way of second medical opinions, but one of the most common is the fear of hurting the feelings of the doctors, and the possible result of that. People may think that in bringing up that they want to get a second opinion they’re questioning the doctor’s ability, so in the interest of not hurting the feeling of him they don’t suggest it.Another reason people avoid getting a second opinion is fear of the second doctor giving them worse news than the first. Says Balyk: “You fear that if you go for, say, an ingrown toenail, he’ll tell you that the toe must come off.” The most important consideration is that it’s in your self-interest to get another opinion—and it may not be worse.Then, most people trust, even give great respect to their doctors, and regard them as with godlike qualities. So they trust their doctor is right, and don’t ask for a second opinion. In fact, it doesn’t even occur to them that they should. But you should remember that the doctor is a human being—just like you.And sometimes, when people are sick, they become childlike. They put all types of good feelings onto the doctor and just let him take over. At other times, obtaining that second opinion just seems like too much work.But remember, sometimes getting that second medical opinion can mean the difference between life and death.1. From both the first and the last paragraphs we can infer that the author may want to suggest that .2. Why are some patients afraid of hurting the doctor’s feelings?3. Another reason some patients don't want to get a second medical opinion is that .4. In Paragraph 5, by “sometimes when people are sick, they become childlike” the author means that .5. The last word “work” in Paragraph 5 may probably be closest in meaning to .

All Eskimos live most of their lives close to salt or fresh water. They may follow game inland for several hundred miles, but they always return to the shores of rivers, lakes or seas. Eskimo land has a bare look. Large rocks, pebbles, and sand cover much of the surface. Plants called lichen grow right on rocks. And where there is enough soil, ever grass, flowers and small bushes manage to live. No trees can grow on the Eskimo land, so geographers sometimes call this country the Arctic plains. Some animals, such as rabbits and caribou, eat the plants. Others, like the white fox and grey wolf, eat the rabbits and caribou. The Eskimo is a meat-eater, too, and may even eat a wolf when food is scarce.The Eskimo year has two main parts: a long, cold winter and a short, cool summer. Spring and fall almost too short to be noticed. Summer is the good time, when food is usually plentiful. But it is also the time when the Eskimos are very busy. Winter is never far away, and the men must bring home extra meat for the women to prepare and store. For seldom can enough animals be killed in winter to feed a family.The Far North is sometimes called the land of the midnight sun. This is true in the middle of summer, for between April 21st and August 21st, the sun never sets in Northern Greenland. But in midwinter the Far North is a land with no sun shining at all. Around Oct. 21stthe Eskimos of Northern Greenland see the sun setting straight south of them, and they don’t see it again until February 22nd. All places on earth get about the same amount of daylight during a year. As a result, if summer is lighter, winter has to be darker. Winter nights in the Far North are seldom pitch-black. As in the rest of the world, the stars and the moon provide a little light. The northern lights also help the Eskimos to see. And with the ground covered with snow, even a little light is reflected back to the Eskimo’s eyes.1. On the Eskimo land, ____.2. In the Eskimo year, .3. From the passage we can infer all the following except that .4. In midwinter there is no sun shining in the Far North because .5. The best title for the passage is _.

It is perhaps, no accident that many of the outstanding figures of the past were amazingly versatile men. Right up until comparatively recent times, it was possible for an intelligent person to acquaint himself with almost every branch of knowledge. Thus, a man of genius like Leonardo da Vinci engaged in many careers at once as a matter of course. Da Vinci was so busy with his numerous inventions that he barely found the time to complete his paintings. He came very near to fulfilling the Renaissance ideal of the “universal man”, the man who was proficient at everything. Today, we rarely, if ever, hear that a musician has just invented a new type of submarine.Knowledge has become divided and sub-divided into countless, narrowly-defined compartments. The specialist is respected; the versatile person, far from being admired, is more often regarded with suspicion. The modern world is a world of highly-skilled “experts” who have had to devote the greater part of their lives to a very limited field of study in order to compete with their fellows. But this has not been achieved without considerable cost. The scientist, who outside his own particular subject is little more than a moron, is a modern phenomenon; as is the man of letters who is barely aware of the tremendous strides that have been made in technology. Similarly, specialization has indirectly affected quite ordinary people in every walk of life. Many activities which were once pursued for their own sakes, are often given up in despair; they require techniques, the experts tell us, which take a life-time to master. Why learn to play the piano, when you can listen to the world’s greatest pianists in your own drawing-room?Little by little, we are becoming more and more isolated from each other. It is almost impossible to talk to your neighbor about his job, even if he is engaged in roughly the same work as you are. The Royal Society in Britain includes among its members only the most eminent scientists in the country. Yet it is highly disturbing to find that even here, as one of its members put it, at a lecture only 10% of the members can understand 50% of what is being said!1. The passage implies that .2. The word “moron” (Paragraph 2) most probably means .3. Which of the following is the best possible title for the passage?4. According to the passage, in order to stand out, a scientist should .5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

Every year thousands of people are arrested and taken to court for shop-lifting. In Britain alone, about HK $3,000,000 worth of goods are stolen from shops every week. As a result of this “shrinkage” as the shops call it, the honest public has to pay higher prices.Shop-lifters can be divided into three main categories: the professionals, the deliberate amateur, and the people who just can’t help themselves. The professionals do not pose much of a problem for the store detectives, who, assisted by closed circuit television, can usually cope with them. The professionals tend to go for high value goods in parts of the shops where security measures are tightest. And, in any case, they account for only a small percentage of the total losses due to shop-lifting.The same applies to the deliberate amateur who is, so to speak, a professional in training. Most of them get caught sooner or later, and they are dealt with severely by the courts.The real problem is the person who gives way to a sudden temptation and is in all other respects an honest and law-abiding citizen. Contrary to what one would expect, this kind of shop-lifter is rarely poor. He does not steal because he needs the goods and cannot afford to pay for them. He steals because he simply cannot stop himself. And there are countless others who, because of age, sickness or plain absent-mindedness, simply forget to pay for what they take from the shops.In order to prevent the quite incredible growth in ship-lifting offences, some stores, in fact, are doing their best to separate the thieves from the confused by prohibiting customers from taking bags into the store. However, what is most worrying about the whole problem is, perhaps, that it is yet another instance of the innocent majority being penalized and inconvenienced because of the actions of a small minority. It is the aircraft hijack situation in another form. Because of the possibility of one passenger in a million boarding an aircraft with a weapon, the other 999, 999 passengers must subject themselves to searches and delays. Unless the situation in the shops improves, in ten years’ time we may all have to subject ourselves to a body-search every time we go into a store to buy a tin of beans!1. Why does the honest public have to pay higher prices when they go to the shops?2. The third group of people steal things because they .3. According to the passage, law-abiding citizens .4. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the main types of shop-lifting?5. The aircraft hijack situation is used in order to show that .

An organization is only as good as the people it employs. Selecting the right person for the job involves more than identifying the essential or desirable range of skills, educational and professional qualifications necessary to perform the job and then recruiting (招募) the candidate who is most likely to possess these skills or at least is perceived to have the ability and inclination to acquire them. This is a purely person/skills match approach to selection.Work invariably takes place in the presence and/or under the direction of others, in a particular organizational setting. The individual has to fit in with the work environment, with other employees, with the organizational climate, style of work, organization and culture of the organization. Different organizations have different cultures. Working as an engineer at British Aerospace will not necessarily be a similar experience to working in the same capacity at GEC or Plessey.Poor selection decisions are expensive. For example, the costs of training a policeman are about £ 20,000. The costs of employing an unsuitable technician on an oil rig (石油钻塔) or in a nuclear plant could, in an emergency, result in millions of pounds of damage or loss of life. The disharmony of a poor person-environment fit is likely to result in low job satisfaction, lack of organizational commitment and employee stress, which affect organizational outcomes, i.e. productivity, high rates of staff change and absenteeism, and individual outcomes i.e. physical, psychological and mental well-being.However despite the importance of the recruitment decision and the range of sophisticated and more objective selection technique available, including the use of psychometric tests, assessment centers etc., many organizations are still prepared to make this decision on the basis of a single 30 to 45 minute unstructured interview. Indeed, research has demonstrated that a selection decision is often made within the first four minutes of the interview. In the remaining time, the interviewer then attends exclusively to information that reinforces the initial “accept” or “reject” decision. Research into the validity of selection methods has consistently demonstrated that the unstructured interview, where the interviewer asks any questions he or she likes, is a poor predictor of future job performance and does little better than more controversial methods like graphology (笔迹学) and astrology (占星术).1. The right person for an organization should not only possess necessary skills for the job but also .2. Wrong selection decisions will lead to the following outcomes EXCEPT .3. are the best method to identify suitable employees.4. In an unstructured interview, will greatly determine the interviewer’s final decision.5 This passage is mainly about .

Previous research by scientists from Keil University in Germany monitored Adelie penguins and noted that the birds’ heart rates increased dramatically at the sight of a human as far as 30 meters away. But new research using an artificial egg, which is equipped to measure heart rates, disputes this. Scientists from the Scott Polar Research Institute at Cambridge say that a slow moving human who does not approach the nest too closely, is not perceived as a threat by penguins.The earlier findings have been used to partly explain the 20 per cent drop in populations of certain types of penguins near tourist sites. However, tour operators have continued to insist that their activities do not adversely affect wildlife in Antarctica, saying they encourage non-disruptive behavior in tourists, and that the decline in penguin numbers is caused by other factors.Amanda Nimon of the Scott Polar Research Institute spent three southern hemisphere summers at Cuverville Island in Antarctica studying penguin behavior towards humans. “A nesting penguin will react very differently to a person rapidly and closely approaching the nest,” says Nimon. “First they exhibit large and prolonged heart rate changes and then they often flee the nest leaving it open for predators (捕食者) to fly in and remove eggs or chicks.” The artificial egg, specially developed for the project, monitored both the parent who had been disturbed when the egg was placed in the nest and the other parent as they both took it in turns to guard the nest.However, Boris Culik, who monitored the Adelie penguins, believes that Nimon’s findings do not invalidate his own research. He points out that species behave differently and Nimon’s work was with Gentoo penguins. Nimon and her colleagues believe that Culik’s research was methodologically flawed because the monitoring of penguins, responses entailed capturing and restraining the birds and fitting them with heart-rate transmitters. Therefore, argues Nimon, it would not be surprising if they became stressed on seeing a human subsequently.1. Previous research by German scientists has shown that .2. A new finding in recent research by British scientists is that .3. An artificial egg is used in the new research in order to.4. According to Nimon, the conductor of the new research, a comparison of the old and the new research reveals that.5. According to the passage, which factor is the most important influence for penguins’ heart rates?

The court ruled that John was ________ in hitting the man in self-defense punished.

The teacher tried to explain the problem, but the explanation did not ________.

The jokes Bill told in an effort to cheer us up didn’t quite ________.

We shall never be able to ________ ourselves truly unless we are working for the welfare of our fellows.

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