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1.The recent speculation includes the possibility that the first living cells might have arisen on Mars, seeding Earth via the many meteorites that are known to travel from Mars to our planet.2.Venice invites idleness and strolling. Its silence is restful and its sundials are inscribed with words: I count only the happy hours.3.Failure to greet a person you recognize or to answer a greeting given to you is an unkindness to the other person, and very bad manners.4.Everything can be taken from a man but one thing—the freedom to choose his attitude in any given set of circumstances. (Leonhard Frand).5.There is a growing trend of sending teenage students abroad to study—the number has been increasing dramatically. Their parents are fantasized by myths about education offered in foreign countries. They are attracted by the educational exhibitions presented by foreign universities and colleges, which paint many rosy pictures and tell many glow tales prompting them into actions. However, sending young children to study abroad may not predict result in success. Many young students lack adaptability and flexibility.

Directions: Please write about 200 words on the topic “My View on Change”. Some people prefer to spend their lives doing the same things and avoid any change in the life. Others, however, think that change is always a good thing. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. Give your opinion and support it with appropriate details. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.

The distinction between second and foreign language learning can cause confusion in the field of second language acquisition (SLA), which is the sub-discipline of applied linguistics that aims to understand how people learn a second language and the factors that affect their language learning. SLA research not only examines second language learning, but also any foreign, third or fourth language learning. Due to the complexity of language learning, we see that the SLA literature often treat additional language and foreign language learning in the same second language acquisition framework. Of course, we know that learning a third language is not necessarily the same as learning a second language. A more solid theoretical framework for third or fourth language acquisition will eventually emerge as more research is conducted. 1.Which of the following is the sub-discipline of applied linguistics?（）2.Which of the following is correct?（）3.Which of the following is correct?（）4.A more solid theoretical framework for third or fourth language acquisition will eventually emerge as more research is conducted because（）.5.Which of the following will serve as the best title for the passage?（）

Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said—the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We don’t always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words don’t mean anything except “I’m letting off some steam. I don’t really want you to pay close attention to what I’m saying. Just pay attention to what I’m feeling.” Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, “This step has to be fixed before I’ll buy.” The owner says, “It’s been like that for years.” Actually, the step hasn’t been like that for years, but the unspoken message is: “I don’t want to fix it. We put up with it. Why can’t you?” The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed by examining a message in terms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situation, and how it was said.When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A friend’s unusually docile behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a person who says “No!” to a serials of charges like “You’re dumb,”“You’re lazy,” and “You’re dishonest,” may also say “No!”and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is “And you’re good looking.”We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words, “If sure has been nice to have you over,” can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes.1.Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners if（）.2.“I’m letting off some steam” in paragraph 1 means（）.3.The house-owner’s example shows that he actually means（）.4.Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical, but are justifiable if（）.5.The word “ritualistically” in the last paragraph equals something done（）.

Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labor. Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. These roles were firmly fixed for most people, and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles. But by the middle of this century, men’s and women’s roles were becoming less firmly fixed.In the 1950s, economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the 1960s a new force developed called the counterculture. The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class American goals. The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare, men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact, some young men and women moved to communal homes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier. Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietnam.In terms of numbers, the counterculture was not a very large group of people. But its influence spread to many parts of American society. Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on “overtime” work so that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Some doctors, lawyers, and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighborhoods.In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or women’s liberation, produced additional economic and social changes. Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers. Most of them still took traditional women’s jobs as public school teaching, nursing, and secretarial work. But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work, banking, dentistry, and construction work. Women were asking for equal work, and equal opportunities for promotion.Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations.1.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 1?（）2.Which sentence best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 2?（）3.In the passage the author proposes that the counterculture（）.4.It could be inferred from the passage that（）.5.The best title for the passage may be（）.

The Internet, E-commerce and globalization are making a new economic era possible. In the future, capitalist markets will largely be replaced by a new kind of economic system based on networked relationships, contractual arrangements and access rights.Has the quality of our lives at work, at home and in our communities increased in direct proportion to all the new Internet and business-to-business Internet services being introduced into our lives? I have asked this question of hundreds of CEOs and corporate executives in Europe and the United States. Surprisingly, virtually everyone has said, “No, quite contrary.” The very people responsible for ushering in what some have called a “technological renaissance” say they are working longer hours, feel more stressed, are more impatient, and are even less civil in their dealings with colleagues and friends—not to mention strangers. And what’s more revealing, they place much of the blame on the very same technologies they are so aggressively championing.The techno gurus（领袖）promised us that access would make life more convenient and give us more time. Instead, the very technological wonders that were supposed to liberate us have begun to enslave us in a web of connections from which there seems to be no easy escape.If an earlier generation was preoccupied with the quest to enclose a vast geographic frontier, the .com generation, it seems, is more caught up in the colonization of time. Every spare moment of our time is being filled with some form of commercial connection, making time itself the most scarce of all resources. Our e-mail, voice mail and cell phones, our 24-hour Interact news and entertainment all seize for our attention.And while we have created every kind of labor-and time-saving device to service our needs, we are beginning to feel like we have less time available to us than any other humans in history. That is because the great proliferation of labor-and time-saving services only increases the diversity, pace and flow of commoditized activity around us. For example, e-mail is a great convenience. However, we now find ourselves spending much of our day frantically responding to each other’s electronic messages. The cell phone is a great time-saver. Except now we are always potentially in reach of someone else who wants our attention.Social conservatives talk about the decline in civility and blame it on the loss of a moral compass and religious values. Has anyone bothered to ask whether the hyper speed culture is making all of us less patient and less willing to listen and defer, consider and reflect?Maybe we need to ask what kinds of connections really count and what types of access really matter in the e-economy era. If this new technology revolution is only about hyper efficiency, then we risk losing something even precious than time—our sense of what it means to be a caring human being.1.According to the passage, corporate executives think that（）.2.Which of the following is NOT true?（）3.What is the most valuable resource for the .com generation?（）4.In the sixth paragraph, the author implied that（）.5.An appropriate title for the passage might be（）.

The______of the word is unknown, but it is certainly not from Greek.

As the manager was away on a business trip, I was asked to______the weekly staff meeting.

Although he has become rich, he is still very______of his money.

His expenditure on holidays and luxuries is rather high in______to his income.

There is no doubt______the company has made the right decision on the sales project.

______him tomorrow?

Even as a girl, ______to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers.

I can’t go —for one thing, I have no money, and______, I have too much work.

Please check the copy______the original before handing in.

Superconductors lose electrical resistance only______subjected to intense cold.

For many patients, institutional care is the most______and beneficial form of care.

One of the attractive features of the training was the way the practical work had been______ into the learning process.

Diamonds have little______value and their price depends almost entirely on their scarcity.

The customs inspector was ______for smugglers.

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