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中国的电影行业已经步入了一个新阶段，始于七年前的行业结构改革使国内票房以年均3%的惊人速度达到一个新的增长水平，这在世界上也是不多见的。更多的优秀电影展现给了公众，这自然会吸引越来越多的观众走进电影院，也会激发投资商对该行业投资的热情，这的确是个良性循环。中央政府已经采取了新政策，帮助刺激国内市场的发展。随着国内与国际市场密切关系的建立，国产影片在海外的影响和竞争力一定会越来越大。中国也已经承诺，将按照WTO协议进一步开放娱乐市场。当前，中国的电影制作人主要是自筹资金，但是新的筹资渠道正在出现。随着中国金融体制的完善，越来越多的电影电视公司依靠金融机构筹集资金，同时以票房收入、版权转让以及演员的个人声望做保障。

Today, we anxiously scrutinize examination scores and worry whether our child will be admitted into prestigious university. Most of the time, the irritating child or student with low scores only receives negative attention. Considering the hue and cries about teaching Chinese students to be more creative, and the constant comparisons of the differences between East and West education, maybe we are futilely trying to pound square peg into round holes.Creativity is related to problem-solving ability, and the fundamental truth is that creativity and effectiveness calls for a fully engaged mind. On the one hand, a creative person is like a flesh and blood computer, collecting, assembling, arranging and integrating data. On the other hand, the creative person is the attentive student of life. People wanting to acquire a creative mentality must first and foremost be in the mind-set of fully embracing all of their learning experience. The mind is the chain, and the variety of ideas and experiences are the gears.The personal orientation toward achievement is an attitude. Learning and demonstrating creative decision-making is not a by-product from being conditioned to memorize correct answers, or retrieve exact bits of data for producing a high final score. Creativity is a by-product of mental risk-taking and experimentation, and one is fully engaging personal thinking in the fun of abstract play: mental gymnastics.

Do you see the glass as half full rather than half empty? Do you keep your eye upon the doughnut, not upon the hollow? Suddenly these clichés are scientific questions, as researchers scrutinize the power of positive thinking.A fast-growing body of research is proving that optimism can help you to be happier, healthier and more successful; pessimism leads, by contrast, to hopelessness, sickness and failure, and is linked to depression, loneliness and painful shyness. “If you could teach people to think more positively,” says psychologist Craig, “it would be like inoculating them against these mental ills.”Your abilities count, but the belief that you can succeed affects whether or not you will. In part, that’s because optimists and pessimists deal with the same challenges and disappointments in very different ways.Take, for example, your job. In a major study, psychologist Seligman and his colleague surveyed sales representatives at a Life Insurance Company. They found that the positive thinkers among longtime representatives sold 37 percent more insurance than did the negative thinkers. Of newly hired representatives, optimists sold 20 percent more. How did they do it? The secret to an optimist’s success is in his “explanatory style.” When things go wrong, the pessimist tends to blame himself, while the optimist looks for loopholes. When things go right, the optimist takes credit while the pessimist sees success as a fluke.Negative or positive, it was a self-fulfilling prophecy. “If people feel hopeless, they don’t bother to acquire the skills they need to succeed,” says Craig.A sense of control is the litmus test for success. The optimist feels in control of his own life. The pessimist feels like fate’s plaything and moves slowly. He doesn’t see advice, since he assumes nothing can be done. Optimists may think they are better than the facts would justify and sometimes that’s what keeps them alive. Dr. Sandra Levey of Pittsburg Cancer Institute studied women with advanced breast cancer. For the women who were generally optimistic, there was a longer disease-free interval, the best predictor of survival. In a pilot study of women in the early stages of breast cancer, Dr. Levey found the disease recurred sooner among the pessimists.

Population growth often increases poverty and causes migration in the search for new farmland. In a country where arable land is scarce, poor farmers are often associated with environmental degradation. It is estimated that about 85 percent of the rural poor reside in degraded areas. Continued population growth places further pressure on the existing capacity of the land, forcing farmers to cultivate their crops in higher and steeper areas. The challenge is to find sustainable agricultural production systems and nonagricultural strategies that would generate gainful employment and income for the rural poor.It is widely recognized that poverty alleviation is imperative if sustainability is to be achieved. A number of policies and associated public expenditures have been directed towards poverty alleviation, with varying levels of success. Some poverty alleviation policies may have an impact on the environment or create an incentive system that works against the environment. A recent study showed that government spending on roads has had the biggest impact on rural poverty reduction, and that the impact of road construction is almost twice that of government spending on agricultural research and development, education, rural development and irrigation also have positive but lesser impact on rural poverty reduction. However, spending on fertilizers and other subsidies was not taken into account in the study. That roads are an important part of infrastructure and have the greatest impact on poverty reduction is not contested here. However, the environmental implications of expanding road networks should be noted. Poverty-stricken populations are sometimes located near biodiversity-rich areas and tend to depend on this common pool of resources for their livelihood. Lack of access is a common on characteristic of both poverty and biodiversity. As access improves, the poverty situation tends to lessen because of better access to education, health services and income-generating opportunity.

For many Chinese people, the beginning of 2011 holds the promise of a fresh round of education reforms, which are expected to boost the country’s education quality through increasing government investment, narrowing gaps between urban and rural schools, achieving internationally acknowledged higher education and reducing academic corruption and bureaucracy.According to the landmark reform plan, government investment will increase steadily to support the education sector, with education expenditure amounting to 4% of GDP by 2012.China first pledged to increase its education spending to 4 percent of the GDP in 1993, but has, so far, failed to achieve the target. The plan, which took one year and nine months to draw up and invited public submission on two separate occasions, was seen as setting the tone for the development of education sector, which has long suffered from funding shortage and unbalanced development between rural and urban areas.The development of education, ranging from preschool education to vocational education in rural areas, will be a priority of the country’s overall development programs.The 22-chapter plan says preschool education should basically be universal by 2020, and nine-year compulsory education policy should be consolidated. The enrolment rate for senior middle school should be 90 percent of school age children, while the enrolment rate for higher education should be 40 percent of high school graduates.The key for China to build world-level universities lies in authorizing the educators, students and society to assess the quality of education, allowing professors to conduct academic research with full freedom and empowering students to participate in university administration.

当今世界正处在大发展大变革大调整时期。世界多极化和经济全球化深入发展，国际金融危机影响继续显现，气候变化、能源资源、公共卫生安全等全球性问题突出，国际和地区热点问题此起彼伏。继续推进人类和平与发展的崇高事业，需要世界各国人民加强合作、同舟共济。中国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得新的显著成就，人民生活继续改善，社会保持和谐稳定。中国积极参加应对国际金融危机、气候变化等问题的国际合作，扩大同世界各国交流合作，为世界和平与发展做出了新的贡献。

人类文化从整体来说，是各国、各民族文化汇聚、交流的产物。现代国际间的文化交流，更是以空前的规模、内容、形式和手段，在直接间接地进行着。交流促进发展。一个国家、一个民族，只要不是由于主观和客观的种种原因而长期处于孤立、闭塞的状态之中，或多或少都可以从交流中得到好处。事实上，在现代国家中，绝对不受外来影响的固有文化是不存在的。一位外国的著名历史学家曾经说过：“任何国家的文明，来自外来影响的产物总是多于本国的发明创造。如果有人要把英国文化中任何受外国影响或来源于外国的东西剔除掉，那么，英国的文化就所剩无几了。”

Abstraction is an old story with the philosophers, but it has been like a new toy in the hands of the artists of our day. Why can’t we have any one quality of poetry we choose by itself? We can have in thought. Then it will go hard if we can’t in practice. Our lives for it.Granted, no one but a humanist much cares how sound a poem is if it is only a sound. The sound is the gold in the ore. Then we will have the sound out alone and dispense with the inessential. We do till we make the discovery that the object in writing poetry is to make all poems sound as different as possible from each other.It should be of the pleasure of a poem itself to tell how it can. The figure a poem makes. It begins in delight and ends in wisdom. The figure is the same as for love. No one can really hold that the ecstasy should be static and stand still in one place. It begins in delight, it inclines to the impulse, it assumes direction with the first line laid down, it runs a course of lucky events, and ends in a clarification of life—not necessarily a great clarification, such as sects and cults are founded on, but in a momentary stay against confusion. It has denouement. It has an outcome that though unforeseen was predestined from the first image of the original mood—and indeed from the very mood.

At the start of the 21st century, humankind finds itself on a non-sustainable course—the course that, unless it is changed, could lead to grand scale catastrophes. At the same time, we are unlocking formidable new capabilities that lead to more exciting lives and glorious civilizations. This could be either humanity’s last century or the century that sets the world on a course toward a spectacular future.We live on a small, beautiful and a totally isolated planet, but its population is becoming too large; enormous new consumer societies are growing, of which China is the largest; and technology is becoming powerful enough to wreck the planet. We are traveling at breakneck speed into an age of the extremes—extremes in wealth and poverty, extremes in technology and the experiments that scientists want to perform, extreme forces of globalism, weapons of mass destruction and terrorists acting in the name of religion. If we are to survive, we have to learn how to manage this situation.The set of problems has a set of solutions. If we humans implement these solutions, we can gradually achieve sustainable development and a sustainable but affluent life. Working toward sustainability requires many different types of actions in different subject areas. In light of rapidly advancing technology, however, sustainability alone is not enough. We need to be concerned with survivability. There must be a move away from the untenable course we are on today toward a world where we learn to control the diverse forces we are unleashing.

It was a bleak, rainy day, and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house. But she had insisted that I come and see something at the top of the mountain.Turning down a narrow track, we parked the car and got out. We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles. Huge black green evergreens towered over. Gradually the peace and silence of the place began to fill my mind. Then we turned a corner—and I stopped and gasped in amazement.From the top of the mountain, sloping for several acres across folds and valleys were rivers of daffodils in radiant bloom. A profusion of color—from the palest ivory to the deepest lemon to the most vivid salmon—blazed like a carpet before us. It looked as though the sun had tipped over and spilled gold down the mountainside.A riot of questions filled my mind. Who created such beauty? Why? How?As we approached the home that stood in the center of the property, we saw a sign: ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS I KNOW YOU ARE ASKING. The first answer was: ONE WOMAN—TWO HANDS, TWO FEET AND VERY LITTLE BRAIN. The second was: ONE AT A TIME. The third: STARTED IN 1958.As we drove home, I was so moved by what we had seen that I could scarcely speak. “She changed the world,” I finally said, “one bulb at a time. She started almost 40 years ago, probably just the beginning of an idea, but she kept at it.” The wonder of it would not let me go. “Imagine,” I said, “if I’d had a vision and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might have I accomplished?”

Confucius said, “Since the age of 15, I have devoted myself to learning; since 30, I have been well established; since 40, I have understood many things and have no longer been confused; since 50, I have known my heaven-sent duty; since 60, I have been able to distinguish right and wrong in other people’s words; and since 70, I have been able to do what I intend freely without breaking the rules.”The average life expectancy at the Spring and Autumn Periods and Warring States Periods was, according to some research, about 19 years. Confucius lived 72 to 73 years, a rare god of longevity in deed. It was even hard for those with power and leisure to reach such an age. Therefore, Confucius could be very well learned, far from what an ordinary person could expect at his times.The statistics in 2001 shows that the world life expectancy is 62.27 with the Japanese taking the lead to be 79.66 while China gaining a position surpassing all developing countries by its 69.98. However, the Chinese have not yet reached the age to do what they intend freely without breaking the rules. Thus, rules are hard not to be broken.Calculated in the terms Confucius set for us in learning, those of us who have been learning English for ten years still have a long way to go before reaching the time to be established. To have no confusion, one has to spend 25 years. To truly understand the purpose of English learning, one has to do it for 35 years. It takes 45 years if one wants to distinguish right and wrong in other people’s words, and 55 years to manipulate English language freely without breaking the rules.

在网上购物尚未走俏的时候，在空调、个人计算机、视频游戏、英特网、手机、克隆技术、基因工程，以及其他一堆使这个人造世界越发诱人的发明出现之前，有人就表现出了忧虑。人造世界是为我们而建造的。它用美味佳肴供我们充饥，用精神粮食滋养我们的心灵。它给我们提供庇护，不受疾患和不适的侵害。它告知天下我们是如何聪颖；它满足了我们的虚荣，蜷缩在由钢铁和混凝土、硅以及塑料构筑的泡沫世界里，我们可以假装在驾驭这个星球。与之形成鲜明对照的是，自然世界的产生不是为了我们的舒适和方便。它在数十亿年前就存在了，而人类的诞生则是在数十亿年之后的事，但自然界的寿命却要比人类更长久。自然界嘲笑我们的虚荣，因为它超越了我们对它的理解和控制。

中国政府承诺将通过引进区域气候改善项目，关闭小煤窑和发电厂以及继续对商业排放进行实验的举措，来进一步实现绿色环保的目标。在中央及各地方政府的努力下，2008年中国在节能减排方面取得一定成效。2月份国家统计局的年度报告显示，2008年中国的能耗下降了4.59%，略高于统计局之前降幅约4.21%的估计。但是数据显示两大污染物SO2和COD同2005年的水平相比，分别下降了7%和5%。根据十一五计划，到2010年，工业用水的需求量将比2005年下降20%，而森林覆盖率将占到全国面积的20%，比2005年上涨18.2%。

What is it that we mean by Literature? Popularly, and amongst the thoughtless, it is held to include everything that is printed in a book. Little logic is required to disturb that definition. The most thoughtless person is easily made aware that in the idea of literature one essential element is some relation to a general and common interest of man—so that what applies only to a local, or professional, or merely personal interest, even though presenting itself in the shape of a book, will not belong to Literature.So far the definition is easily narrowed; and it is also easily expanded. For not only is much that takes a station in books not Literature; but inversely, much that really is Literature never reaches a station in books. The weekly sermons of Christendom, that vast pulpit literature which acts so extensively upon the popular mind—to warn, to uphold, to renew, to comfort, to alarm—does not attain the sanctuary of libraries in the ten-thousandth part of its extent. The Drama again—as, for instance, the finest of Shakespeare’s plays in England, and many leading Athenian plays—operated as a literature on the public mind, and were (according to the strictest letter of that term) published through the audiences that witnessed their representation some time before they were published as things to be read; and they were published in this mode of publication with much more effect than they could have had as books during ages of costly copying or of costly printing.

If we want to foster a culture of conservation, we’ll have to work at changing a host of things, from ads to zoos, from how we put food on our plates to how we imagine our role in the universe. Out of all these necessary changes, I wish to speak about one that is close to my heart as a storyteller, which is the need to root language once more in the earth. We need to recover the fertile meanings of words that arise out of our long evolutionary contact with dirt and wind, rivers and woods, animals and plants.At the root of language, we often find an earthy wisdom. Take the word “growth” for example, when Donella Meadows and her colleague published a report in 1972 on the prospects for the continued expansion of the human economy, they called their book The Limits to Growth. The very title provoked outrage in many circles, because a prime creed in the techno-industrial world is that there are no limits to growth. According to this creed, any constraints imposed by nature will be overcome by technical ingenuity or the free market. Mining, drilling, pumping, clearing, plowing, manufacturing, and consuming—along with the human population that drives it all—will expand forever. Politicians and business leaders speak of growth as unbounded and unambiguously good.

As holidays go, Thanksgiving is in some ways the most philosophical. Today we try not to take for granted the things we almost always take for granted. We try, if only in that brief pause before the eating begins, to see through the well-worn patterns of our lives to what lies behind them. In other words, we try to understand how very rich we are, whether we feel very rich or not. Today is one of the few times most Americans consciously set desire aside, if only because desire is incompatible with the gratitude—not to mention the abundance—that Thanksgiving summons.It is tempting to think that one Thanksgiving is pretty much like another, except for differences in the guest list and the recipes. But it isn’t true. This is always a feast about where we are now. Thanksgiving reflects the complexion of the year we’re in. Some years it feels buoyant, almost jubilant in nature. Other years it seems marked by a conspicuous humility uncommon in the calendar of American emotions.And this year? We will probably remember this Thanksgiving as a banquet of mixed emotions. This is, after all, a profoundly American holiday. The undertow of business as usual seems especially strong this year. The shadow of a war and misgivings over the future looms in the minds of many of us. Most years we enjoy the privacy of Thanksgiving, but this year the holiday feels like a reminder for ourselves of what it means to be American.That means giving thanks for some fundamental principles that should be honored every day of the year in the life of this nation—principles of generosity, tolerance and inclusion. This is feast that no one should be turned away from. The welcome we feel makes sense only if we also extend it to others.

Hong Kong is held in high regard and there is a deep reservoir of goodwill for Hong Kong around the world. Hong Kong’s strongest supporters internationally are those who know it well, and those who have visited Hong Kong since the Handover. There is wide recognition that Hong Kong’s proximity to the Mainland of China and the experience the Hong Kong business community has in doing business there represent tremendous advantages for Hong Kong. Hong Kong business community must move fast if it is to fully leverage those advantages.Another challenge faced by Hong Kong is the perception that it must do a better job of publicizing the significant added value it offers in face of what is seen as the high cost of doing business and living in Hong Kong. Hong Kong’s people, and their reputation for hard work and entrepreneurship, are seen as one of its greatest assets. However, there is concern expressed by some in the community that sufficient steps are not being taken to maintain high standards of English language capability, particularly with the young people entering the workforce.

世界不会缺少贪婪，且很少有人、公司或国家能例外。企业和国家总是相互竞争，采用不那么合法的手段获取优势。随着全球网络的出现，技术扩散至每个人，贪婪来到了那些可能永远也不会犯罪的人旁边。贪婪在各个层面上都起作用，而大多数信息系统存在的薄弱环节则为企图利用这些弱点的人提供了攫取惊人利润的机会。

仅仅传授专业知识是不够的。通过专业教育可以使人成为一种有用的机器，却不能成为一个全面发展的人。让学生对价值理念有所理解并产生热情，是不可或缺的。否则，他——连同他的专业知识——就更像一条受过良好训练的狗，而非一个和谐发展的人。他必须通过学习了解人们的动机、幻想和苦难，以便正确处理同他人和社会的关系。

人性的完整在于承认自己的缺陷，勇敢地摒弃不现实的幻想而又不以此为缺憾。人性的完整还在于意识到自己能够使悲剧性的人生继续存在下去，能够在失去亲人后依然表现出完整的个人风范。当我们承认瑕疵是构成人性的一部分，同时又能继续在生活中不懈地奋斗，并大大赞美这样的人生价值时，我们就会获得其他人仅能期盼的完整人生。我相信这就是上帝对我们的要求：不求“完美”，也不求“永不犯错误”，而是求得人性的“完整”。

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