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The drug store at the corner of our street sells aspirins and（）penicillin prescriptions.

The company will（）to its agreement, no matter how costly the process may be.

He seemed reluctant to send his troops in an effort to discourage the（）peasants.

In that country, a person who marries before legal age must have a parent’s（）to obtain a license.

Russian women had to wear protective masks as they walked in Moscow, which was（）by a heavy smog yesterday.

The discrepant in the company accounts is so（）that no auditor could have failed to notice it.

Turning cultivated land back into forests or pasture is a fundamental way to stem oil（） and desertification in the long run.

Participants in the Shanghai Co-operation Forum（）regional teamwork to promote investment and economic development.

A luxury express train jumped the tracks on a bridge in eastern India, killing at least 50 on the spot. According to the Northen Railway spokesman, the death（）is expected to rise.

The discussion was so prolonged and exhausting that（）we had to stop for refreshments.

NASA is casting a wider net in the space shuttle investigation as to what caused the spacecraft to swing out of control and（）moments before it was to land.

We had a marvelous holiday; only the last two days was slightly（）by weather.

He was（）when he heard the unexpected news, but I finally convinced him.

Directions: China claims to be the largest developing country in the world, yet its population is aging stunningly fast. What are the consequences and how will China solve the problem? Explain the issue thoroughly with relevant government statistics, policies and real-life experiences.Write your composition with 220 — 250 words on the ANSWER SHEET.（请将作文写在答题纸上）

Directions: Translate the following 5 underlined parts from English into Chinese. Please write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.

Would you stop buying Apple’s products if it decided to help the FBI open a terrorists iPhone? I thought not.Which is to say that Apple CEO Tim Cook, in his refusal to help the FBI break into iphones, is ahead of most of the population. But maybe not all that far ahead. His very public stance might even turn out to be the smartest thing he’s done for Apple since becoming CEO.We all give our privacy away every day, constantly, to a panoply of entities. I actually snorted a laugh when Facebook and Google proclaimed their support for Cook’s position. Facebook and Google horde more data about us than any other commercial entities and make billions of dollars on it. Remember, their products are free; their core business is selling the details of our lives to advertisers.At the moment, when most consumers say they’re concerned about privacy, they’re kidding themselves. A recent survey by TRUSTe and the National Cyber Security Alliance found that 92 percent of respondents who use the Internet said they worry about online privacy, yet 89 percent do not avoid businesses they feel are not respecting their privacy.In other words, our anxieties about this stuff are completely disconnected from our actions.And encroachments on our privacy are only going to get worse. Wearables like Fitbits, smart home devices like Nest, connected cars and Internet of Things sensors are all creating ever more data about ever more detailed and intimate aspects of our lives. Artificial intelligence software can stitch together different kinds of data to paint a ridiculously accurate picture of an individual.In many ways, we welcome this — the better technology knows us, the better it can serve us. But at what point does the exploitation of our details turn from convenience into invasion? And don’t we want control of that knob to understand and decide what we’re agreeing to share?Cook is making us think about all that now. Do most people care much about this one case, this one phone? Not likely. But this fight is making us realize that we need to make some decisions, individually and as a society, about digital privacy before it gets away from us. A cynic might say Apple can afford to take this stand because it doesn’t rely on selling advertising as a business model. But every company should take the public’s interest in Apple’s decision to heart. Privacy is rising to a new level of awareness.Apple, so often on the forefront, seems to know this. The FBI said Cook’s stand is a marketing ploy. In Cook’s letter to customers, he snorted, “Absolutely not. Nothing could be further from the truth.” He added, “This is and always has been about our customers. We feel strongly that if we were to do what the government has asked of us - to create a backdoor to our products — not only is it unlawful but it puts the vast majority of good and law — abiding citizens, who rely on iphone to protect their most personal and important data, at risk.”So, really, Cooks’ position may not be a ploy. It could turn out to be brilliant marketing.1. Why did the author snort a laugh when Facebook and Google proclaimed their support for Cook’s position?2. What does the word “encroachment” in paragraph 6 mean?3. The following devices are creating more data about our lives in a more detailed and intimate way EXCEPT（）.4. What can we infer from this passage?5. The best title for this passage would be（）.

Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society’s understanding — the knowledge, hopes and fears that are passed on to the next generation.Education in any society is mirror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weakness, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.“All men are created equal.” We’ve heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this country’s founders to denote equality before the law, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational opportunity for all children — the right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children — disabled or not — to an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their program, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.1. What is the purpose for author to cite the example of stage in paragraph 2?2. Why does public pay much attention to exceptional education?3. Which one of the following actions has NOT been taken to facilitate exceptional education?4. The word “substantially” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to（）.5. What is the main idea of this passage?

A few years ago a young mother watched her husband diaper（给……换尿布）their firstborn son, “You do not have to be unhappy about it,” she protested. “You can talk to him and smile a little.” The father, who happened to be a psychologist, answered firmly, “He has nothing to say to me, and I have nothing to say to him.”Psychologist now know how wrong that father was. From the moment of birth, a baby has a great deal to say to his parents, and they to him. But a decade or so ago, these experts were describing the newborn as a primitive creature who reacted only by reflex, a helpless victim of its environment without capacity to influence it. And mothers accepted the truth. Most thought (and some still do) that a new infant could see only blurry（模糊的）shadows, that his other senses were undeveloped, and that all he required was nourishment, clean diapers, and a warm bassinet.Today university laboratories across the country are studying newborns in their first month of life. As a result, psychologists now describe the new baby as perceptive, with remarkable learning abilities and an even more remarkable capacity to shape his or her environment including the attitudes and actions of his parents. Some researchers believe that the neonatal period may even be the most significant four weeks in an entire lifetime.Far from being helpless, the newborn knows what he likes and rejects what he doesn’t. He shut out unpleasant sensations by closing his eyes or averting his face. He is a glutton for novelty. He prefers animate things over inanimate and likes people more than anything.When a more nine minutes out, an infant prefers a human face to a head-shaped outline. He makes the choice despite the fact that, with delivery room attendants masked and gowned, he has never seen a human face before. By the time he’s twelve hours old, his entire body moves in precise synchronic（同时发生）to the sound of a human voice, as if he were dancing. A non-human sound, such as a tapping noise, brings no such response.1. The author points out that the father diapering his first-born son was wrong because（）.2. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?3. What does the sentence “He is a glutton for novelty” probably mean?4. According to the passage, it’s groundless to think that newborns prefer（）.5. What is the passage mainly discussing about?

Good sense is the most equitably distributed thing in the world, for each man considers himself so well provided with it that even those who are most difficult to satisfy in everything else do not usually wish to have more of it than they have already. It is not likely that everyone is mistaken in this; it shows, rather, that the ability to judge rightly and separate the true from the false, which is essentially what is called good sense or reason, is by nature equal in all men, and thus that our opinions differ not because some men are better endowed with reason than others, but only because we direct our thoughts along different paths, and do not consider the same things, for it is not enough to have a good mind: what is most important is to apply it rightly. The greatest souls are capable of the greatest vices; and those who walk very slowly can advance much further, if they always keep to the direct road, than those who run and go astray.For my part, I have never presumed my mind to be more perfect than average in anyway. I have, in fact, often wished that my thoughts were as quick, or my imagination as precise and distinct, or my memory as capacious or prompt, as those of some other men. And I know of no other qualities than these which make for the perfection of the mind; for as to reason, or good sense, inasmuch as it alone makes us men and distinguishes us from the beasts, I am quite willing to believe that it is whole and entire in each of us, and to follow in the common opinion of the philosophers who say that there are differences of more or less only among the accidents, and not among the forms, or natures, or the individuals of a single species.11. According to the author, the three elements that comprise the perfect mind are（）.A. tenacity of thought, capacious memory, quickness of mindB. precise imagination, tenacity of memory, quickness of mindC. quickness of wit, ease of conscience, quickness of thoughtD. promptness of memory, distinctness of imagination, quickness of thought12. The basic idea of the first paragraph may be stated as follows:（）.A. all persons have an equal portion of good will when they are bornB. great souls are capable of great evilC. good sense, in terms of its distribution among persons, may be called common senseD. good sense is the mark of the truly good person13. About himself the author states that what sets human beings apart from beasts is（）.A. he had always sensed his mental superiority over most personsB. his awareness of his mental superiority over other was something that grew slowly with experienceC. he actually regards his own mental faculties as inferior in many ways to those of the great majority of personsD. he has never had the feeling that his mind was more perfect than average in any way14. The author claims that what sets human beings apart from beasts is（）.A. a sense of organization combined with the ability to createB. the ability to adapt to the surroundingsC. a sense of reason coupled with a strong sense of practicalityD. a sense of reason15. According to the author, the ability to distinguish between the true and the false is（）.A. endowed by nature to all creaturesB. endowed in equal measure to all personsC. more heavily present in some persons than in othersD. an unnatural, cultivated trait in all persons

Alan Chang was a handsome young man with good manners.One morning he was walking along a street on his way to an appointment. He did not want to be early or late. He had forgotten to put on his watch so he went up to a man who was waiting for a taxi.“Excuse me, sir,” he said, very politely, “but could you tell me the time?”The man, who was very well-dressed and looked quite rich, said nothing. He did not even look at Alan.Alan spoke to him again. “Excuse me, sir,” he said, “but could you please tell me what time is?”This time the man looked at him, but he did not speak and looked quickly away.Alan thought to himself: Well, he’s not deaf. He must be just rude.“Why won’t you tell me the time, sir?” he demanded.The man turned towards him and said, “Try to understand me, I am standing here waiting for a taxi. You come up to me and ask me for the time. If I tell it to you, you will thank me. I will say, ‘That’s all right.’ You may then say, ‘It’s a beautiful day,’ to which I may reply ‘Yes, I like these sunny winter days.’ Before we know what is happening we have a friendly conversation. You are a pleasant, polite young man and so when my taxi comes, I offer you a ride. You accept. We talk. I like you. You like me. I invite you to my home. You meet my daughter. She is a very pretty girl. You are a good-looking man. You like each other. Soon you fall in love. You want to marry. Now do you understand my problem?”Alan shook his head.“No sir, I’m sorry, I don’t. Everything you have said seems very natural to me.”“Exactly,” the man said, “and I do not want my daughter to marry a man who is too poor to buy a watch. Good morning to you,” and with these words he hurried away.1. Why did Alan ask the man what time it was?2. What did Alan think the man was when he would not tell him the time?3. Why didn’t the man tell Alan the time?4. What kind of a man did the man consider Alan Chang?5. What is the story really about?

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