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“I just couldn’t do it. I don’t know what it is. It’s not embarrassment. No that’s not it. You see, you’re putting your head in a noose; that’s what it seems to me.” Derek, an armed robber with a long record of jobs, was talking about hoisting (shop-lifting). “No I just couldn't do it. I mean just going in there.” He paused to try to fund a more exact way of fixing; his antipathy. “I tell you what. It’s too blatant for my liking.”It seemed a fanny way to put it. Pushing a couple of ties in your pocket at a shop was hardly the last word in extroversion, and even a bit on the discreet side when compared to all that firing of shotguns and vaulting over counters which made up the typical bank raid.But my ideas of shop-lifting were still bound up with teenage memories of nicking packets of chewing gum from the local newsagents. A lot of guilt and not much loot. After a few conversations with professional holsters, I realized that “blatant” was just about right.Nobody took a couple of ties they took the whole rack. The fast member of the gang would walk in nice and purposefully. Their job was to set up the goods: perhaps put an elastic bawd round the ends of a few dozen silk scarves; move the valuable pieces of jewellery nearer the edge of the counter; slide the ties on the rack into a compact bunch. Then, wine somebody else diverts the assistant or provides some fort of masking, the third member lifts the lot.If the walk to the door is a little long, then there may be someone else to take over for the last stretch. No one is in possession for more than a few seconds, and there are always a couple of spare bodies to obstruct anyone who seems to be getting too near the carrier.Store detectives who move forward with well-founded suspicions may still find themselves clutching empty air. Store detectives watch for three main give-sways: any sort of loitering which looks different from the usual hanging around and dithering that characterizes the real customer; any covert contact between individuals shown no other sign of knowing each other; any over-friendliness towards sales staff which might be acting as a distraction. “There’s one other little angle” said one detective. “I often pop round the back stairs; that’s where you’ll occasionally find one of them; trying to relax and get themselves in the right mood before starting the next job.”1. The bank robber wouldn’t consider shop-lifting because（）.2. The writers experience led to think that most shop-lifters（）.3. The role of the first member of the gang is to（）.4. Professional shop-lifters avoid being caught in the act by（）.5. Potential shop-lifters may be identified when they（）.

Great emotional and intellectual resources are demanded in quarrels; stamina helps, as does a capacity for obsession. But no one is born a good quarreler; the craft must be learned.There are two generally recognized apprenticeships. First, and universally preferred, is a long childhood spent in the company of fractious siblings. After several years of rainy afternoons, brothers and sisters develop a sure feel for the tactics of attrition and the niceties of strategy so necessary in first-rate quarrelling.The only child, or the child of peaceful or repressed households, is likely to grow up failing to understand that quarrels, unlike arguments, are not about anything least of all the pursuit of truth. The apparent subject of a quarrel is a mere pretext; the real business is the quarrel itself.Essentially, adversaries in a quarrel are out to establish or rescue their dignity. I fence the elementary principle: anything may be said. The unschooled, probably no less quarrelsome by inclination than anyone else, may spend an hour with knocking heart, sifting the consequences of roiling this old acquaintance a lying fraud. Too late! With a cheerful wave the old acquaintance has left the room.Those who miss their first apprenticeship may care to enroll in the second, the bad marriage. This can be perilous for the neophyte; the mutual intimacy of spouses makes them at once more vulnerable and more dangerous in attack. Once sex is involved, the stakes are higher all round.And there is an unspoken rule that those who love, or have loved, one another are granted a license for unlimited beastliness such as is denied to mere sworn enemies. For all that, some of our most tenacious black belt quarrelers have come to it late in fife and mastered every throw, from the Crushing Silence to the Gloating Apology, in less than ten years of marriage.A quarrel may last years. Among brooding types Kith time on their hands, like writers, half a lifetime is not uncommon. In its most refined form, a quarrel may consist of the participants not talking to each other. They will need to scheme laboriously to appear in public together to register their silence. Brief, violent quarrels are also known as rows. In all cases the essential ingredient remains the same; the original cause must be forgotten as soon as possible. From here on, dignity, pride, self-esteem, honor ate the crucial issues, which is why quarrelling like jealousy, is an all-consuming business, virtually a profession. For the quarrelers very self-hood is on the fine. To lose an argument is a brief disappointment, much like losing a game of tennis; but to be crushed in a quarrel... rather bite off your tongue and spread it at your opponents’ feet.1. Unschooled quarrelers are said to be at a disadvantage because（）.2. According to the writer, quarrels between married couples may be（）.3. When quarrelling both children and married couples may, according to the writer（）.4. The difference between a quarrel and an argument is said to be that（）.5. In the passage as a whole, the writer treats quarrelling as if it were（）.

Just about everyone knows the meaning of “value” though you’d never know it from the excesses of the Eighties. Clever campaigns often allowed marketers to charge more for their product and reap ever-higher profits. It waked like a dream until suddenly, facing difficult economic times, consumers wake up. Now, to the extent that they’re buying, many consumers are choosing the car that delivers the most for the monkey — not necessarily the one they coveted as a status symbol a few years ago, they are shifting to the toothpaste that works from the ones with it slickest promotions. Companies that understand this new consumer have come up with something new: “value marketing”.A word of caution is necessary. In marketing, watchwords quickly metamorphous into buzzwords — and value is no exception. We’re not taping about ads that merely boast of a product’s value or even such legitimate sates tools as price cuts and discount: Used correctly, value marketing amounts to much more than just stashing prices distributing coupons. It means giving the customer an improved product, with ads, features and enhancing the role of marketing itself. In value marketing, marketing becomes part of the system for delivering value to the consumer. Instead of merely shaping image, such a program might offer enhance guarantees or longer warranties, ads that educate rather than hype, membership club that build loyalty, frequent-buyer plans, improved communications with customer, through 800 numbers, or package design that makes the product easier to use or more environmentally friendly.These and other value-marketing techniques can be expensive. They can tanker added production and marketing costs added to lower unit prices. Even so, the principle involved in value marketing value for money, an improved product, enhanced nice, and added features, are just that U.S. business needs to enhance its competitiveness in the global marketplace. That’s why it will be all to the good if the commonsensical virtues of value marketing become part of the permanent strategy of U.S. business.1. Consumers have waken up because of（）.2. Many consumers are choosing the commodities（）.3. In the 1980s, people would like to go after the products（）.4. Communications with customers may be improved（）.5. A value marketing program may not include（）.

The most valuable diamonds are large, individual crystals of pure crystal lint carbon. Less perfect forms, known as “boars” and “carbonado” are clusters of tiny crystals. Until diamonds are cut and polished, they do not sparkle like those you see on a ring — they just look like small, blue-grey stones.In a rather crude form the cutting and polishing of precious stones was an art known to the Ancient Egyptians, and in the middle Ages it became widespread in north-west Europe. However, a revolutionary change in the methods of cutting and polishing was made in 1476 when Ludwig Van Berquen of Bruges in Belgium invented the use of a swiftly revolving wheel with its edge faced with fine diamond powder. The name “boast” is given to this fine powder as well as the natural crystalline material already mentioned. It is also gimp to badly flawed or broken diamond crystals, useless as jewels that are broken into powder for grinding purposes, the so-called “industrial” diamonds.Diamond itself is the only material hard enough to cut and polish diamonds — though recently, high-intensity light beams called lasers have been developed which can bore holes in them. It may be necessary to split or cleave the large stones before they are cut and polished.Every diamond has a natural line of cleavage, along which it may be split by a sharp blow with a cutting edge. A fully cut “brilliant” diamond has 58 facets, or faces, regularly arranged. For cutting or faceting, the stones are fixed into copper holders and held against a wheel, edged with a mixture of Oil and fine diamond dust, which is revolved at about 2,500 revolutions a minute. Amsterdam and Antwerp, in Holland and Belgium respectively, have been the centre of the diamond cutting and polishing industry for over seven centuries.The jewel value of brilliant diamonds depends greatly on their colors, or “water” as it is called. The usual coolers of diamonds are white, yellow, brown, green or blue. Surrounding rocks and take on their color, thus black, red and even bright pink diamonds have occasionally been found.The trade in diamonds is not only in the valuable gem stones but also in the industrial diamonds mentioned above. Zaire produces 70% of such stones. They are fixed into the rock drills used in mining and civil engineering, also for edging band saws for cutting stone. Diamond-faced tools are used for cutting and drilling glass and fine porcelain and for dentists’ drills. They are used as bearings in watches and other finely balanced instruments. Perhaps you own some diamonds without knowing it — in your wristwatch!1. “Carbonado” is the name given to（）.2. The art of cutting and polishing precious stones remained crude until（）.3. During faceting, diamonds are held in copper holders（）.4. The value order of water in diamond（）.5. Industrial diamonds are used（）.

Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious（31）to how they can be best（32）such changes.Growing bodies need movement and（33）, but not just in ways that emphasize competition.（34）they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self conscious and need the（35）that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are （36）by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be （37）to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, （38）publishing newsletters with many student written book reviews,（39）student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide（40）opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful（41）dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the（42）of some kind of organization with a supportive adult（43）visible in the background. In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have（44）attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized（45）participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to（46）else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants（47）. This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility.（48）they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by（49）for roles that are within their（50）and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.

I thought I saw water in the distance but it must have been an optical（）.

Have you thought what the（）might be if you didn’t win your case in court?

He joined a computer dating scheme（）but so far it hasn’t a suitable patter.

I think we can（）with the usual formalities since we all know each other already.

You’ve done more of the work than I have recently so I’ll give up my day off in（）.

There has been so much media（）of the coming election that people have got bored with it.

Research suggests that, heavy penalties do not act as a（）to potential criminals.

With their modern, lightweight boat, they soon（）the older vessels in the race.

What the film company needs is an actor who can take on any kinds of（）roles.

There is no（）for hard work and perseverance of you want to succeed.

Giving up smoking is just one of the ways to（）heart diseases.

He still suffers from a rare topical disease which he（）, while working to Africa.

Working with the mentally handicapped requires considerable（）of patience; and understanding.

She took up so many hobbies（）when she retired that she had hardly any time.

It is essential to be on the（）for any signs of movement in the undergrowth since there are poisonous snakes in the area.

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