试题库在线考试题库-历年真题模拟试题及答案-考博英语在线试题测试中心-希赛网

题库

首页 > 题库 > 湖南师范大学

Originally designed as work clothes for miners, jeans are now worm by all segments of society, their appeal ______ by their comfort and affordability.

Based in the following passage, write some comments in about 120 words, only clear the passage implied.

Based in the following passage, write a summary in about 80 words, only presenting the main ideas and leaving out the details.

随着地球上人口的增加，人类依靠土地资源生存变得越来越困难。土地的总量是有限的。虽然使用拖拉机等机械和施用化肥可以提高农业产量，但是土地最终所能产出的粮食只有那么多，不会再增加。随着人口越来越多，人类的消耗也越来越多。很明显，地球上某些地区人口已经饱和；在这其中的许多地区，未来的人口增长肯定会带来更多的贫穷和苦难。然而，富裕国家的人们所使用的自然资源的比例，如粮食和能源，则远大于贫穷国家的人们，他们毫无节制地使用在另一方面会造成资源的巨大浪费。

It is more important to pave the way for children’s desire to know than to put them on a diet of facts they are not ready to assimilate. Even if you feel you have little knowledge of nature at your disposal, there is still much you can do for your child. Wherever you are and whatever your resources, you can still look up at the sky—its dawn and evening beauties its moving clouds, its star by night. You can listen to the wind, whether it blows with majestic voice through a forest or sings a many voiced chorus around the corners of your apartment building, and in the listening you can gain magical release for your thoughts. You can still feel the rain on your face and think of is long journey from sea to air to earth and wonder at the mysteries of natural selection embodied in the perfume and flavor of a fruit. Even if you are a city dweller, you can find some place, perhaps a park or a golf course, where you can observe the mysterious migrations of the birds and the changing seasons. And with your child you can ponder the mystery of a growing seed, even if it’s just one planted in a pot of earth in the kitchen window.

All types of stress study, whether under laboratory or real-life situations, study mechanisms for increasing the arousal level of the brain.The brain blood flow studies show that reciting the days of the week and months of the year increases blood flow in appreciate areas, whereas problem solving which demands intense concentration of a reasoning type produces much larger changes in the distribution of blood in the brain.Between these basic studies of brain function and real life situations there is still a considerable gap, but reasonable deduction seems possible to try and understand what happens to the brain. Life consists of a series of events which may be related to work or to our so-called leisure time. Work may be relatively automatic—as with typing, for instance. It requires intense concentration and repetition during the learning phase to establish a pattern in the brain. Then the typist’'s fingers automatically move to hit the appropriate keys as she reads the words on the copy.However, when she gets tired she makes mistakes much more frequently. To overcome this she has to raise her level of arousal and concentration but beyond a certain point the automaticity is lost and thinking about hitting the keys leads to more mistakes.Other jobs involve intense concentration such as holding bottles of wine up to a strong light and turning them upside down to look for particles of dirt falling down. This sounds quite easy but experience teaches that workers can do this for only about thirty minutes before they start making a mistake. This is partly because the number of occasions with dirt in the bottle is low and the arousal level, therefore, falls. Scientists have shown that devices to raise arousal level will increase the accuracy of looking for relatively rare events. A recent study of the effect of loss of sleep in young doctors showed that in tests involving a challenge to their medical judgment when short of sleep they raised their arousal level and became better at tests of grammatical reasoning as well.1. Problem solving according to the brain blood flow studies.2. The author believes that .3. When a typist gets tired .4. Examining bottles of wine is hard work because .5. According to the author, a key factor in the ability to reason is .

Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or “bids”, for the various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called “knocking down” the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a table at which he stands. This is often set on a raised platform called a rostrum.The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin auction, meaning “increase”. The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war; these sales were called sub hasta, meaning “under the spear”, a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a crowd to gather. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, goods were often sold “by the candle”: a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stayed alight.Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, hides, skins, wool, tea, cocoa, furs, spices, fruit and vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and similar works of art. The auction-rooms as Christie’s and Sotheby’s in London and New York are world-famous.An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by prospective buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a “lot”, is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 and continue in numerical order; he may wait until he registers the fact that certain dealers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in. The auctioneer’s services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible.The auctioneer must know fairly accurately the current market values of the goods he is selling and he should be acquainted with regular buyers of such goods. He will not waste time by staring the bidding too low. He will also play on the rivalries among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other. It is largely on his advice that a seller will fix a “reserve” price that is a price below which the goods cannot be sold. Even the best auctioneers, however, find it difficult to stop a “knock out”, whereby dealers illegally arrange beforehand not to bid against each other but nominate one of themselves as the only bidder in the hope of buying goods at extremely low prices. If such a “knock-out” comes off, the real auction sale lakes place privately afterwards among the dealers.1. A candle used to burn at auction sales .2. An auction catalogue gives prospective buyers .3. The auctioneer may decide to sell the “lots” out of order because .4. An auctioneer likes to get high prices for the goods he sells because .5. A “knock out” is arranged .

Why are mobiles so popular? Because people love to talk to each other. And it is easier with a mobile phone. In countries like Russia and China, people use tile mobile phone in places where there is no ordinary telephone. Business people, use mobiles when they’re traveling. In some countries, like Japan, many people use their mobile phones to send email message and access the Internet. They use a new kind of mobile phone called “i-mode”. You can even use a mobile phone to listen to music.Mobile phones are very fashionable with teenagers. Parents buy mobile phones for their children. They can call borne home if they are in trouble and need help. So they feel safer. But teenagers mostly use them to keep in touch with their friends or play simple computer games. It’s cool to be the owner of a small expensive mobile. Research shows that teenage owners of mobile phones smoke less. Parents and schools are happy that teenagers are safer and smoke less.But many people dislike them. They hate it when the businessman opposite them on the train has a loud conversation on his phone. Or when the mobile phone rings in a cafe or restaurant. But there is a much more serious problem. It’s possible that the mobile phone can heat up the brain because we hold the phone so close to our head. Scientists fear that mobiles can perhaps be bad for your memory and even give you cancer.1. Mobiles are popular among people because .2. It is stated in the passage that in Russia and China .3. Parents buy mobile phones for their children because .4. Why can mobile phones be a much more serious problem?5. Which of the following can be the title of this passage?

The seller or his agents are not obliged in law to tell you of the defects or true conditions of the house. So, it is important that your own surveyor is sent to make a structural survey of the house after you have made an offer for in, but before you enter legal commitment.Your surveyor’s job is to find out all the internal and exterior defects in the house and to indicate to you how much money it will cost to put them right. He will tell you whether the house is worth the price being asked and may suggest a price to negotiate with the seller. If he does his job well, he will earn his-fee (which for a straightforward survey of a five-room house is not likely to be less than £50) by providing information which can be used to start negotiations.Many defects are not apparent to the ordinary house buyer but can be delec1ed detected by the expert—the surveyor. The building society or local authority from which you hope to get a loan will send itsis surveyor too, whose fee you will have to pay. This surveyor makes only a valuation (not a full survey) to see whether the priority is good security for the part of the purchase price you might be leant. His report is confidential and may not be available to you, though building society may be prepared to tell the purchaser about really major defects following their valuation. They may in fact make it a condition of the mortgage that you will have the defects repaired within a stated time (at your own expense of course).If you are building a new house, you will also need assurance that the house is properly built and the building will accept the responsibility for any defects that may appear due to poor design, materials or workmanship. If a builder is restricted with National House-Builders’ Registration Council, you will know that the house has been spot-check inspected at periodic intervals during buildings. Arbitration machinery and for newly-built house, a 10-year protection against major structural defects, exist should things go wrong and the builder seek to avoid responsibility.If the builder is not registered it will be wise to get a competent surveyor to check the house over during various stages of construction. (He will charge a fee for each visit to the site.)1. What stage in buying a house is a surveyor employed?2. What is the main reason to employ a surveyor?3. Why does the building society or local authority send its own surveyor?4. The main difference between the surveyors employed by you and the building society is that .5. The buyer of a new house has to be sure that .

You and I agree to meet at four-thirty, I show up at 4: 33. I don’t say anything, because that’s close enough to satisfy our social contract. Only after five minutes do you expect me to say, “Sorry, I’m late.” At ten minutes I owe you an explanation, “The freeway exit was closed. I had to go four miles out of my way.” After twenty minutes I have to make a full and serious apology. After forty minutes I’d better not show up at all.That sort of thing—formally observed and never explicitly stated—drives people from other cultures crazy. Anthropologists list the toughest things to cope with in a foreign land. Second only to language is the way we deal with time.Now psychologists look at our view of time another way. They go into several countries and measure the pace of life. They measure the accuracy of bank clocks and how fast city dwellers walk. They time transactions in banks and post offices. They see how long people take to answer questions.Japanese keep the fastest pace. Americans are a close second. Italians and Indonesians are at the bottom of the list. Italians give long answers to your questions. Indonesians don’t give a fig about setting their bank clocks. Among American cities, Boston and Kansas City are fastest. New York is up there, of course, but we keep a faster pace here in Houston. California’s “laid back” reputation is deserved. The slowest pace of all is kept in Los Angeles.Finally, we look at heart disease. That’s tricky, because other factors are involved. Our heart’s greatest enemy is tobacco. But heart disease also correlates with the pace we keep. Smokers who drive themselves are really asking for it.Now it’s 4:55. I’m strolling, unhurried toward our 4:30 meeting. I’m thinking something about Isaac Watts, the English poet, wrote:Time, what an empty vapour it is;And days how swift they are!Swift as an Indian arrow flies,Or like a shooting star.That tension soaks through our view of time. Can we see time as an empty vapor? Or do our technologies define time and bind us to in? In a technology-dense world, we too often let time turn into an Indian arrow—one aimed at our heart.So the clock ticks, and we ask: Is time an arrow we must dodge or vapor we can ignore? If we’re smart, we live by the clock only when we have to. Otherwise, we sit back and play. We know how to let time be only vapor, after all.1. In America you have to apologize sincerely if you are .2. We know from the passage that .3. In the United States, the pace of life is quite relaxed in .4. Which sentence correctly restates “Smokers who drive themselves are rally asking for it”?5. What the author wants to tell us is that .

Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one of every five Americans at work was employed, i.e., worked for somebody else. Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself. And when fifty years ago “being employed” meant working as a factory laborer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills. Indeed, two things have characterized American society during these last fifty years; middle-class and upper-class employees have been the fastest-growing groups in our working population—growing so fast that the industrial worker, the oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the expansion of industrial production.Yet you will find little if anything written on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether it be the mechanist’s trade or bookkeeping. Every one of these trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requires a different preparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common. And increasingly, especially in the large business or in government, employeeship is more important to success than the special professional knowledge or skill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, and the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge. 1. It is implied that fifty years ago .2. According to the passage, with the development of modern industry .3. The word “dubious” (underlined in Para 2.) most probably means .4. According to the writer, professional knowledge or skill is .5. From the passage it can be seen that employeeship helps one .

He told us a lot of jokes and had us ______ all through the meal.

I ______ the meeting yesterday, but some urgent matter prevented me from coming.

If you have any clothes ______ today, give them to me.

He carried a pale bone which he kept throwing out into the dune for the bird dog to ______.

The virus is usually blood-borne and may ______ almost any organ in the body.

A cycle ride walk or swim at least three times a week will ______ your circulation and help maintain a healthy bloom.

Urban motorways have proved no solution to Britain’s ______ traffic congestion—indeed some say they have made it worse.

Many companies allow you to try equipment and will ______ equipment to you in your own home.

We will introduce legislation to simplify trademark registrations and extend the rights they ______.

暂未登录

学员用户尊享特权

老师批改作业做题助教答疑学员专用题库高频考点梳理

上一页 2 3 4 5 6 7 下一页