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It is notorious that facts are compatible with opposite emotional comments since the same fact will inspire entirely different feelings in different persons, and at different times in the same person; and there is no rationally deducible connection between any outer fact and the sentiments it may happen to provoke. These have their source in another sphere of existence altogether, in the animal and spiritual region of the subject’s being. Conceive yourself, if possibly, suddenly stripped of all the emotion with which your world now inspires you and try to imagine it as it exists, purely by itself without your favorable or unfavorable, hopeful or apprehensive comment. It will be almost impossible for you to realize such a condition of negativity and deadness. No one portion of the universe would then have importance beyond another, and the whole collection of its things and series of its events would be without significance, character, expression, or perspective. Whatever of value, interest, or meaning our respective worlds may appear endowed with are thus pure gifts of the spectator’s mind. The passion of love is the most familiar and extreme example of this fact. If it comes, it comes; if it does not come, no process of reasoning can force it. Yet it transforms the value of the creature loved as utterly as the sunrise transforms Mont Blanc from a corpse-like gray to a rosy enchantment; and it sets the whole world to a new tune for the lover and gives a new issue to his life. So with fear, with indignation, jealousy, ambition, worship. If they are there, life changes. And whether they shall be there or not depends almost always upon non-logical, often on organic conditions. And as the excited interest which these passions put into the world is our gift to the world, just so are the passions themselves gifts; gifts to us, from sources sometimes low and sometimes high; but almost always non-logical and beyond our control. Gifts, either of the flesh or of the spirit; and the spirit blows where it lists, and the world’s materials lend their surface passively to all the gifts alike, as the stage-setting receives indifferently whatever alternating colored lights may be shed upon it from the optical apparatus in the gallery.Meanwhile the practically real world for each one of us, the effective world of the individual, is the compound world, the physical facts and emotional values in indistinguishable combination. Withdraw or pervert either factor of this complex resultant, and the kind of experience we call pathological ensues.1. This passage mainly discusses ___.2. Our feelings about external reality have their origin in _.3. The passion of love is cited by the author to show how _.4. According to the author all are true EXCEPT that _.5. We can conclude from the passage that a man is about to be executed will feel _____.

Now that it’s clear that John Kerry will be the Democratic nominee for president, the question is how George W. Bush and Karl Rove, his chief political strategist, will attack him. Tom Toles, whose editorial cartoons appear regularly in the centrist Washington Post, has a hunch: as an advocate of massive social programs and big federal budgets to pay for them (translation: someone who raises taxed) who is also soft on terrorism.Toles depicts Kerry and an advisor strolling past the White House, atop which workmen are busy covering a billboard with an anti-Kerry ad. The ad says：“Beware the Massalqaeda liborrist.”Don’t look for the last two words in your dictionary. Toles has concocted them by blending first Massachusetts and al-Qaeda (Usamabin Laden’s terrorist organization), second “liberal" and “terrorist”. The second blend is reminiscent of the kind of word that President Bush actually does utter when he’s not mindful of his speech — which, it must be said, is a fair amount of the time.A Chinese observer will understand the reference to al-Qaeda and terrorists. Kerry is linked with neither, but he was at best a lukewarm supporter of Bush’s invasion of Iraq to overthrow Saddam Hussein. But what is so politically significant about denouncing Kerry as a “Massachusetts liberal”?Massachusetts, dominated by Boston, with its concentration of elite universities, acquired a reputation in the 20th century as a relatively left-wing US state. Lawmakers there support an extensive and often innovative welfare system — not on the European scale, but still bigger than in most US states and not cheap. Hence Massachusetts has high taxes; critics deride the state as “Taxachusetts”, and occasionally even as the “People’s Republic of Massachusetts” because of the warm reception allegedly given to socialist ideas.In America (but not in Europe）“liberals” are people who believe that government regulatory and taxing authority should be used to protect ordinary citizens from the power of big business. They also seek to remedy social inequality through government programs. Having build America’s social welfare system, they want to maintain or even extend it. The problem is that many voters see the liberal programs that were put into place in the 1960s and 1970s as wasteful and ineffective, or as examples of wrong-headed social engineering — the sort of thing Harvard professors and similar overweening boobies would dream up to burden taxpayers with. For these critics, a 1iberal is bad enough. A “MASSACHUSETTS liberal” is the very worst of a bossy, free-spending, irresponsible tribe.1. From the passage, we can infer that this passage was written _______.2. What concerning John Kerry would NOT be assaulted on?3. What word does Bush often say when he is not careful enough?4. Which of the following is wrong about Massachusetts?5. What do many voters think of the liberal programs?

Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary, flying in the face of what is acceptable and producing not what is acceptable but what will become accepted. According to this formulation, highly creative activity transcends the limits of an existing form and establishes a new principle of organization. However, the idea that extraordinary creativity transcends established limits is misleading when it is applied to arts, even though it may be valid for the sciences. Differences between highly creative art and highly creative science arise in part from a difference in their goals. For the sciences, a new theory is the goal and end result of the creative act. Innovative science produces new propositions in terms of which diverse phenomena can be related to one another in more coherent ways. Such phenomena as a brilliant diamond or a nesting bird are relegated to the role of data, serving as the means for formulating or testing a new theory. The goal of highly creative art is very different: the phenomenon itself becomes the direct product of the creative act. Shakespeare’s Hamlet is not a tract about the behavior of indecisive princes or the uses of political power; nor is Picasso’s painting Guernica primarily a propositional statement about the Spanish Civil War or the evils of fascism What highly creative artistic activity produces is not a new generalization that transcends established limits, but rather an aesthetic particular. Aesthetic particulars produced by the highly creative artist extend or exploit, in an innovative way, the limits of an existing form, rather than transcend that form.This is not to deny that a highly creative artist sometimes establishes a new principle of organization in the history of an artistic field; the composer Monteverdi, who created music of the highest aesthetic value, comes to mind. More generally, however, whether or not a composition establishes a new principle in the history of music has little bearing on its aesthetic worth. Because they embody a new principle of organization, some musical works, such as the operas of the Florentine Camerata, are of signal historical importance, but few listeners or musicologists would include these among the great works of music. On the other band, Mozart’s The Marriage of Figaro is surely among the masterpieces of music even though its modest innovations are confined to extending existing means. It has been said of Beethoven that he toppled the rules and freed music from the stilling confines of convention. But a close study of his compositions reveals that Beethoven overturned no fundamental rules. Rather, he was an incomparable strategist who exploited limits — the rules, forms, and conventions that he inherited from predecessors such as Haydn and Mozart, Handel and Bach — in strikingly original ways.1. The author considers a new theory that coherently relates diverse phenomena to one another to be the ___.2. The passage states that the operas of the Florentine Camerata are _.3. The author regards the idea that all highly creative artistic activity transcends limits with .4. The author implies that an innovative scientific contribution is one that ___.5. Which of the following statements would most logically conclude the last paragraph of the passage?

In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another; such business-to-business sales make sense because businesspeople typically know what product they’re looking for.Nonetheless, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. “Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the supplier,” says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company’s private intranet.Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing. Until recently, Internet marketing activities have focused on strategies to “pull” customers into sites. In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to “push” information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers. Most notably, the PointCast Network uses a screen saver to deliver a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers’ computer monitors. Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a company’s Web site. Companies such as Virtual Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages to customers about special sales, product offerings, or other events. But push technology has earned the contempt of many Web users. Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request. Once commercial promotion begins to fill the screen uninvited, the distinction between the Web and television fades. That’s a prospect that horrifies Net purists.But it is hardly inevitable that companies on the Web will need to retort to push strategies to make money. The examples of Virtual Vineyards, Amazon.com and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality and security will attract online customers. And the cost of computing power continues to free fall, which is a good sign for any enterprise setting up shop in silicon. People looking back 5 or 10 years from now may well wonder why so few companies took the online plunge.1. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?2. What can we infer from the second paragraph?3. Which statement is NOT true according to the whole passage?4. What is the author’s attitude towards Web commerce?5. The suitable title for this passage is ______.

It is an everyday observation that animals are born, grow and mature then begin to lose some of their capabilities, and finally die. This loss of capabilities is progressive, irreversible, and common for all members of a species and is called aging. In humans it shows in many ways, some very visible: decline in height, shrinkage of muscle, thinning and graying of hair, and wrinkling of skin. Internally, and even more significantly, there is the progressive loss of cells in the brain, kidneys, and other vital organs. This cell loss has resulted in stoppage of a vital process. Whatever the reason, important tissues ranging from the muscles to the brain shrink and become less competent with age. Many of these changes are reflected in functional declines. Not only do nerve cells at levels from the brain to the spinal chord diminish but also those that remain conduct impulses at a slower rate so that the reaction time of the older animal is slowed. Memory often shows a decline.Another widespread decline is in the loss of cells involved in the hearing process. The loss is most marked for high pitches and may require the assistance of a battery operated hearing aid. More subtle are such declines as those in the processes involved with being immune to disease, which result in a lessened ability of the older organism to cope with infection. Indeed, pneumonia is one of the most common causes of death among the elderly population of most nations.Mixed with true aging processes are disease processes that may be so common as to be mistaken for aging. For instance, the buildup of deposits of fatty materials in arteries tends to be progressive with aging; everything else being equal, the narrowing of arteries results in such serious illnesses as stroke or heart attack occurring with increasing frequency as an individual ages.It is now recognized that atherosclerosis is the result of many factors, not only genetic but also environmental high blood pressure, high saturated fat diets, and smoking, the effects of which become more obvious with the passage of time. It is therefore an age related, but not a universal aging process and can thus usually be controlled. 1. As far as aging is concerned ___.2. Which of the following is a functional decline?3. Pneumonia is closely related to _.4. It is agreed that a person is more likely to suffer from atherosclerosis _____.5. Which of the following statements about atherosclerosis is NOT true?

A well-organized company knows the power and value of information. One of the main problems（1）information though, is how to collect, store and manage all of the information so that anyone needing it can（2）it easily. Multinationals have（3）this issue for many years and have well developed company libraries. Just（4）your university, school or city, a company library contains books, magazines,（5）and periodicals as well as electronic documents, films, videos and audio materials. A company library does not have to be the same as a city（6）university library. You don’t need a special quiet room or even a（7）librarian. What is needed is someone responsible for gathering and storing interesting（8）and a central place to store them.If you work in a large company, appointing a full-time librarian might be a（9）idea. A librarian’s job is to keep a（10）knowledge of all of the relevant and necessary publications that the company might need, manage the purchasing of materials and then oversee the（11）of the publications. A good librarian will also be able to offer assistance to（12）who need to use the company library to find research materials and information.（13）a company library is not cheap, but it does not have to be expensive（14）. But consider the risk of not having a central well managed place where important publications can be stored your（15）could well get the jump on you by having more up-to-date information that is accessible to staff.

There is no doubt that the successful late eighteenth-century improvements in spinning and weaving methods; resulting in increased production of fabrics, have a great effect on the inventors of the sewing machine. A B C D

In spite of all the publicity women pilots had received, no amount of evidence could convince the War Department allow any of them into the Air Service. A B C D

During World War Ⅱ, many Eskimos served in the Army or Navy; another worked on airfields or supplied meat to the armed forces. A B C D

The photograph revealed a group of mountain climbers who had strung a twenty-feet rope between two particular dangerous peaks. A B C D

Throughout the history, the mosquito has been not only a nuisance but a killer, carrying some of the deadliest diseases known to human. A B C D

Societies from the primitive to the highly civilized have used food, their most essential resource in social bonding celebrations of all kind and in sacred rituals. A B C D

In a report issued by United States Census Bureau the chemical industry is investing more than any other United States manufacturing industry in fighting pollution. A B C D

According to a study of firstborn children, children whose mothers expect them to learn very little as infants develop more slow than children whose mothers expect them to begin learning immediately. A B C D

People who lose weight with the help of behavioral techniques like weighing themselves regularly and keeping records of what do they eat seem to need the same techniques to keep the weight off. A B C D

Scientific prediction of earthquakes remains primitive and haphazard, however, scientists can make general predictions after monitor magnetic changes along principal faults. A B C D

The country at large is hoping for great changes.

You have broken the laws of every nation and the hand of the law will detect and crush you wherever you may take refuge in.

The fact the married people in general have longer life expectancies than people who divorce indicates that the stress associated with divorce adversely affects health.

The rice and cotton fields are beset with swarms of pests like rice hopper and pink-boll-worm.

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