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The reporters exposed the corruption of several senior officers in the government; consequently, these officers ______ to resign from office.

I was ______ study French yesterday, but I changed my mind.

His name was on the ______ of my tongue, but I just couldn’t recall it.

He handled the company in ______ with his brother.

I caught a ______ of the name of the book before she put it into the drawer.

The judger doesn’t know whether the witness is telling the truth, but he will ______ it.

Humble it may be, there’s no place like home, he may go.

One of the most spectacular qualities of man is notably his ______ to any kind of natural environment.

Write a composition of no less than 200 words on the following topic.In the first half of 2017, the TV drama series In the Name of the People turned out to be a big hit in China, attracting a large number of televiewers across the country. But some people fear that its full exposure of official corruption in the government might tarnish the image of the Party and the government. Others argue that its running on TV shows that the Party has greatest determination to fight corruption; they insist that we should not pursue an ostrich policy, pretending that corruption does not exist. What is your opinion about this issue?Directions: In the first part of your writing, state clearly your viewpoint on this issue. In the second part, support your viewpoint with appropriate details or examples. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary or a suggestion.Marks will be awarded for content, grammar, organization, and mechanics. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your composition on the ANSWER SHEET.

这是民国六年的冬天，大北风刮得正猛，我因为生计关系，不得不一早在路上走。一路几乎遇不见人，好容易才雇定了一辆人力车，教他拉到S门去。不一会，北风小了，路上浮尘早已刮净，剩下一条洁白的大道来，车夫也跑得更快。刚近S门，忽而车把上带着一个人，慢慢地倒了。跌倒的是一个女人，花白头发，衣服都很破烂。伊伏在地上；车夫便也立住脚。我料定这老女人并没有伤，又没有别人看见，便很怪他多事，要自己惹出是非，也误了我的路。

Many great inventions are initially greeted with ridicule and disbelief. The invention of the airplane was no exception. Although many people who heard about the first powered flight on December 17, 1903 were excited and impressed, others reacted with peals of laughter. The idea of flying an aircraft was repulsive to some people. Such people called Wilbur and Orville Wright, the inventors of the first flying machine, impulsive fools. Negative reactions, however, did not stop the Wrights. Impelled by their desire to succeed, they continued their experiments in aviation.By 1905, the Wrights had perfected the first airplane that could turn, circle, and remain airborne for half an hour at a time. Others had flown in balloons and hang gliders, but the Wright brothers were the first to build a full-size machine that could fly under its own power. As the contributors of one of the most outstanding engineering achievements in history, the Wright brothers are accurately called the fathers of aviation.

It being not only possible but even easy to predict which ten-year-old boys are at greatest risk of growing up to be persistent offenders, what are we doing with the information? Just about the last thing that we should do is to wait until their troubles have escalated in adolescence and then attack them with the provisions of the new Criminal Justice Bill.If this bill becomes law, magistrates will have the power to impose residential care orders. More young people will be drawn into institutional life when all the evidence shows that this worsens rather than improves their prospects. The introduction of short sharp shocks in detention centers will simply give more young people a taste of something else they don’t need; the whole regime of detention centers is one of toughening delinquents, and if you want to train someone to be anti-establishment, “I can’t think of a better way to do it,” says the writer of this report.The Cambridge Institute of Criminology comes up with five key factors that are likely to make for delinquency: a low income family a large family, parents deemed by social workers to be bad at raising children, parents who themselves have a criminal record, and low intelligence in the child. Not surprisingly, the factors tend to overlap. Of the 63 boys in the sample who had at least three of sample as a whole.Three more factors make the prediction more accurate: being judged troublesome by teachers at the age of ten, having a father with at least two criminal convictions and having another member of the family with a criminal record. Of the 35 men who had at least two of these factors in their background 18 became persistent delinquents and 8 more were in trouble with the law.Among those key factors, far and away the most important was having a parent with a criminal record, even if that had been acquired in the distant past, even though very few parents did other than condemn delinquent behavior in their children.The role of the schools emerges as extremely important. The most reliable prediction of all on the futures of boys came from teachers’ ratings of how troublesome they were at the age of ten. If the information is there in the classroom there must be a response that brings more attention to those. troublesome children: a search for things to give them credit for other than academic achievement, a refusal to allow them to go on playing truant, and a fostering of ambition and opportunity which should start early in their school careers.1. According to the author, delinquency should be tackled .2. The number of young offenders could be reduced by the way of .3. What is the outcome result of putting young offenders into detention centers?4. Ten-year-old children likely to become offenders are usually .5. The writer concludes that potential offenders could be helped by .

You stare at waterfall for a minute or two, and then shift your gaze to its surroundings. What you now see appears to drift upward.These optical illusions occur because the brain is constantly matching its model of reality to signals from the body’s sensors and interpreting what must be happening—that your brain must have moved, not the other; that downward motions is now normal, so a change from it must now be perceived as upward motion.The sensors that make this magic are of two kinds. Each eye contains about 120 million rods, which provide somewhat blurry black and white vision. These are the windows of night vision; once adapted to the dark, they can detect a candle burning ten miles away.Color vision in each eye comes from six to seven million structures called cones. Under ideal conditions, every cone can “see” the entire rainbow spectrum of visible colors, but one type of cone is most sensitive to red, another to green, a third to blue.Rods and cones send their messages pulsing an average 20 to 25 times per second along the optic nerve. We see an image for a fraction of a second longer than it actually appears. In movies, reels of still photographs are projected onto screens at 24 frames per second, tricking our eyes into seeing a continuous moving picture.Like apparent motion, color vision is also subject to unusual effects. When day gives way to night, twilight brings what the poet T.S. Eliot called “the violet hour.” A light levels fall, the rods become progressively less responsive. Rods are most sensitive to the shorter wavelengths of blue and green, and they impart a strange vividness to the garden's blue flowers.However, look at a white shirt during the reddish light of sunset, and you’ll still see it in its “true” color—white, not red. Our eyes are constantly comparing an object against its surroundings. They therefore observe the effect of a shift in the color of illuminating on both, and adjust accordingly.The eyes can distinguish several million graduations of light and shade of color. Each waking second they flash tens of millions of pieces of information to the brain, which weaves them incessantly into a picture of the world around us.Yet all this is done at the back of each eye by a fabric of sensors, called the retina, about as wide and as thick as a postage stamp. As the Renaissance inventor and artist Leonardo da Vinci wrote in wonder, “Who would believe that so small a space could contain the images of all the universe?”1. Visual illusions often take place when the image of reality is .2. The visual sensor that is capable of distinguishing shades of color is called .3. The retina send pulses to the brain.4. Twenty-four still photographs are made into a continuous moving picture just because.5. The author’s purpose in writing the passage lies in __.

Freshwater life itself has never come easy in the Middle East: Ever since the Old Testament, God punished man with 40 days and 40 nights of rain. Water supplies here have been dwindling. The rainfall only comes in winter and drains quickly through the semiarid land, leaving the soil to bake and to thirst for next November. The region’s accelerating population, expanding agriculture, industrialization, and higher living standards demand more freshwater. Drought and pollution limit its availability. War and mismanagement waste it. Joyce Starr of the Global Water Summit Initiative, based in Washington, D.C., once said: “Nations like Israel and Jordan are swiftly sliding into that zone where they are suing all the water resources available to them. They have only 15 to 20 years left before their agriculture, and ultimately their food security, is threatened.”I came here to examine this crisis in the making, to investigate fears that “water wars” are imminent, that water has replaced oil as the region's most contentious commodity. For more than two months I traveled through three river valleys and seven nations-from southern Turkey down the Euphrates River to Syria, Iraq, and on to Kuwait; to Israel and Jordan, neighbors across the valley of the Jordan; to the timeless Egyptian Nile.Even amid the scarcity there are haves and have-nots. Compared with the United States, which in 1990 had freshwater potential of 10,000 cubic meters (2.6 million gallons) a year for each citizen, Iraq had 5,500, Turkey had 4,000, and Syria had more than 2,800. Egypt’s potential was only 1,100. Israel had 460. Jordan had a meager 260. But these are not firm figures, because upstream use of river water can dramatically alter the potential downstream.Scarcity is only one element of the crisis. Inefficiency is another, as is the reluctance of some water-poor nations to change priorities from agriculture to less water-intensive enterprises. Some experts suggest that if nations would share both water technology and resources, they could satisfy the region’s population, currently 159 million. But in this patchwork of ethnic and religious rivalries, water seldom stands alone as an issue. It is entangled in the politics that keep people from trusting and seeking help from one another. Here, where water, like truth, is precious, each nation tends to find its own water and supply its own truth.As Israeli hydrology professor Uri Shamir told me: “If there is political will for peace, water will not be a hindrance. If you want reasons to fight, water will not be a hindrance. If you want reasons to fight, water will give you ample opportunities.”1. Why does the author use the phrase “for next November” on line 4 in paragraph 1?2. What is NOT the cause for the imminent water war?3. One way for the region to use water efficiently is to .4. Uri Shamir’s viewpoint is that .5. The author’s tone in the article can be described as __.

Justin was always prepared. His motto was “Never throw anything out, you never know when it might come in handy.” His bedroom was so full of flat bicycle tires, bent tennis rackets, deflated basketballs, and games with missing pieces that you could barely get in the door. His parents pleaded with him to clean out his room.“What use is a fish tank with a hole in the bottom?” his father asked. But Justin simply smiled and repeated his motto, “Never throw anything out, you never know when it might come in handy.”When Justin was away from home, he always carried his blue backpack. He liked to think of it as a smaller version of his bedroom—a place to store the many objects that he collected. It was so worn and stretched that it hardly resembled a backpack anymore. It was full of the kind of things that seemed unimportant, but when used with a little imagination, might come in handy.Justin had earned a reputation for figuring things out and getting people out of otherwise hopeless situations. Many of his classmates and neighbors sought him out when they needed help with a problem. On the first day of school, his friend Kenny, came looking for Justin.“Do you think you have something in your bag that could help me remember my locker combination?” he asked. “I lost the scrap of paper it was written on. I have science class in two minutes and if I’m late on the first day it’ll make me look bad for the rest of the year.” Kenny looked genuinely worried.“Relax,” Justin said, taking his backpack off and unzipping the top. “Remember how you borrowed my notebook in homeroom to write the combination down? Well, I know how we can recover what you wrote.”He took the notebook and a soft lead pencil out of his bag. The page that Kenny had written on had left faint indentations on another page in the notebook. Justin held the pencil-on its side and rubbed it lightly over the indentations. Slowly but surely the numbers of the locker combination appeared in white, set off by the gray pencil rubbings.“That’s amazing!” Kenny said. “I owe you one.” And he dashed off to open his locker.During science class, Mr. Tran was lecturing on the structure of the solar system using a model. He made a sudden gesture and the model fell apart. Planets and rings and connector rods went everywhere, rolling and clattering and disappearing under desks. The students scrambled around on the floor for ten minutes and were finally able to recover every piece except one—a connector rod that was lodged in a crack between two lab stations.“If we had a magnet,” said Mr. Tran, “we could easily coax it out that way. But I loaned all of the magnet kits to the elementary school yesterday.”Justin was already searching through his backpack. “I have some materials that will work just as well, I think,” he told Mr. Tran. He pulled out a battery, an iron nail, and some electrical wire and tape, while Mr. Tran and the other students looked on in amazement.“Why do you have all of that stuff?” Louise Baxter asked. Justin just smiled and repeated his motto. “Never throw anything out, you never know when it might come in handy.”By wrapping the wire around the nail and taping each end to a battery terminal, he was able to make a magnet strong enough to lift the rod out of the crack.“Bravo!” said Mr. Tran. “No problem,” said Justin.After school, Justin rode the bus to the mall where he worked at a music store. His boss, Gail, was taking inventory of all of the CDs and tapes in the classical music section. As he helped a customer at the register, Justin heard her exclaim, “Oh, no! I forgot my glasses! There’s no way I can read this list without them.” Justin sighed, picked up his backpack, and walked over to Gail.“I think I can help you out,” he said, unzipping the bag. While Gail watched in surprise, he pulled out a jar of petroleum jelly, a washer, a glass slide, and a small bottle of water. He put the jelly on the bottom of the washer, placed it securely, jelly-side down, on the glass slide, and then put a drop of water in the center of the washer.He put the contraption on top of the inventory list and said to his boss, “See what happens when you look through the water droplet.” Gail looked and her eyes widened with delight.“Wow!” she cried. “It enlarges the print that I'm looking at, just like a magnifying glass!” She patted Justin on the back. “I’m all set now,” she said. “Thanks.”Justin smiled. “No problem,” he said, returning to the register.It was just another day in the life of the boy whose motto was “Never throw anything out, you never know when it might come in handy.”1. Why is Justin’s room such a mess?2. What does reputation on line 1 in paragraph 4 mean?3. In what way is Justin’s backpack a smaller version of his bedroom?4. How does Justin help his friends?5. How do most of the characters in the story feel toward Justin?

——I phoned you at 9 this morning but got no answer.——I’m sorry. I the bell. I in the garden.

The teachers whispered ______ they should disturb the students.

It was when their house had been buried in snow ______ some idea about the seriousness of the situation.

Peter had a very busy schedule. ______ this, he made time to read the manuscript I had left with him.

Sales have fallen badly this year, ______ that we will have to close some of our shops.

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