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Unemployment in the West: The quest for jobsIt is not(1)for politicians to reduce the West's frighteningly high unemployment levels.A LITTLF geographical imagination helps to convey the scale of joblessness in the West. If the 44m people who are(2)in the mainly rich members of the OECD lived in one country, its population would be similar to(3).In Spain itself, which has the West's highest jobless rate (21 %), the number of people(4)work matches the combined population of Madrid and Barcelona. In America the 14m people officially jobless would(5)the fifth-most-populous state in the union. And in the 11m “underemployed”, who are working less than they would like, and it is the size of Texas.The landscape is not uniformly bleak. Germany, for example, now has a(6)jobless rate than before the financial crisis. But in most of the rich world the(7)of people unemployed, though down a bit from its peak in 2009, (8)still alarmingly high, even as fears mount that several countries may be slipping back into recession. And the human cost of the economic crisis is paid largely(9)those who are out of work, for joblessness increases depression, divorce, substance abuse and pretty much everything that can go(10)in a life.Worse, today's joblessness is a particularly dangerous sort. A disproportionate share of those out of work arc young, and youth unemployment leaves more scars, in terms of lower future wages and greater likelihood of future unemployment.

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The salmon is one of our most valuable fish. It offers us food, sport and profit. Every year commercial fishing(1)a harvest of over a billion pounds of salmon from the sea. Hundreds of thousands of salmon are caught each year by eager(2)fishers.In autumn, the rivers of the Northwestern United States come(3)with salmon. The salmon have left the ocean and are(4)their yearly run up river to spawn. Yet today, there are far fewer salmon than(5)because the salmon(6)has suffered from many perils of the modern age.Water pollution has killed many salmon by(7)them of oxygen. Over-fishing has further decreased their number. Dams has another(8),because they lock migration paths. Fish ladders, (9)stepped pools, have been built so that salmon can swim(10)over the dams. But young salmon swimming to the ocean have trouble (11)the ladders. Often they(12)their deaths over the dam or are killed in giant hydroelectric turbines.(13)America will continue to have plenty of salmon, conservationists have planned several ways to(14)the salmon population. Conservation officials have had some success(15)salmon in hatcheries and stocking salmon rivers with them. Salmon are also being introduced into new areas. In 1996, hundreds of thousands of young Coho salmon were planted in streams off Lake Michigan. The adults were expected to Migrate to the lake and feed upon an undesirable fish. The Cohoes thrived so well on this kind of fish in Lake Michigan that Cohoes are being planted in other Great Lakes.Thanks to the foresight and planning of conservationists, the valuable salmon should be around American shores, rivers and lakes for a long time to come.

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