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The course normally attracts 20 students per year, （）up to half will be from overseas.

Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we （）during the day.

Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th （）the birth ofJesus Christ.

We’ll （）you for any damage done to your house while we are in it.

After several nuclear disasters, a （）has raged over the safety of nuclear energy.

The criminal always paid（）cash so the police could not track him down.

I was awfully tired when I got home from work, but a half-hour nap（）me.

Henry’s close to （）his brother made people mistake them for one another.

All the flights （）because of the snowstorm, we had to take the train instead.

China loosened its decades-long one-child population policy，allowing couples to have another child, according to a key decision issued by the Communist Party of China. You are going to write a composition of 200 words or so on such a policy change. Here are the writing requirements.• Give a title to your writing;• Give at least three possible reasons for the changes;• To state both the advantage(s) or disadvantage(s) of such changes

Have you heard of the news? No sooner had he arrived in Rome than he was kidnapped!Smith failed to account for the decrease in the company’s annual profits.No one could come up with an easy solution to the labor shortage which is caused by the wars.Although the end of the term was close at hand, Tom had not completed all off the projects he had hoped to finish.I don’t think it is sensible of you to show off your greater knowledge in front of the chairman, for it may well offend him.It doesn’t make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.The flood-stricken area is liable to plagues, so it makes sense to strengthen the epidemic prevention there for the sake of health.The government had to come to terms with the trade union for fear that the situation might be beyond control.The scientific and technological progress is attributed to the efforts of the scientists, engineers and other technical workers who have made a difference.He should have told the truth. But on second thought, he resolved to keep the secret.

How we look and how we appear to others probably worries us more when are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept ourselves as we are, and few are brave enough to ignore the trends of fashion.Most fashion magazines or TV advertisements try to persuade us that we should dress in a certain way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell us, we will be able to meet newpeople with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment.Changing fashion, of course, does not apply just to dress. A barber today does not cut a boy ’ s hair in the same way as he used to, and girls do not make up in the same way as their mothers and grandmothers did. The advertisers show us the latest fashionable styles and we are constantly under pressure to follow the fashion in case our friends think we are odd or dull.What causes fashions to change? Sometimes convenience or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion. Take hats for example. In cow climates, early buildings were cold inside, so people wore hats indoors as well as outside. In recent times, the late President Kennedy caused a depression in the American hat industry by not wearing hats: a cyclical pattern in fashion. In the 1920s in Europe and America, short skirts became fashionable. After Word War Two, they dropped to ankle length. Then they got shorter and shorter until the miniskirt was in fashion. After a few more years, skirts became longer again.Today, society is much freer and easier than it used to be. It is no longer necessary to dress like everyone else • Within reason, you can dress as you like or do your hair the way you like instead of the way you should because it is the fashion. The popularity of jeans and the “untidy” look seems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashion of me top fashion houses.At the same time, appearance is still important in certain circumstances and then we must choose our clothes carefully. It would be foolish to go to an interview for a job in a law firm wearing jeans and a sweater; and it would be discourteous to visit some distinguished scholar looking as if we were going to the beach or a night club.However, you need never feel depressed if you don’t look like the latest fashion photo. Look around you and you’ll see that no one else does either!1.The author thinks that people are （）.2.Fashion magazines and TV advertisements seem to link fashion to （）. 3.Causes of fashions are （）. 4.Present-day society is much freer and easier because it emphasizes （）. 5.Which is the main idea of the last paragraph?

As a wise man once said, we are all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an ever earlier age. This isn’t the stuff of gloomy philosophical contemplations, but a fact of Europe’s new economic landscape, embraced by sociologists, real-estate developers, and ad executives alike. The shift away from family life to solo lifestyle, observes a French sociologist, is part of the “irresistible momentum of individualism” over the last century. The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce have greatly wreaked havoc on Europeans ’ private lives.Europe’s new economic climate has largely fostered the trend toward independence. The current generation of home-alones came of age during Europe’s shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American style capitalism. Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice, today’s tech-savvy workers have embraced a free market in love as well as economics. Modem Europeans are rich enough to afford to live alone, and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so.Once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage-twenty something professionals or widowed senior citizens. While pensioners, particularly elderly women, make up a large proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice. Living alone was conceived to be negative-dark and cold, while being together suggested warmth and light. But then came along the idea of singles. They were young, beautiful, strong! Now, young people want to live alone.The booming economy means people are working harder than ever. And that doesn’t leave much room for relationships. Pimpi Arroyo, a 35-year-old composer who lives alone in a house in Paris, says he hasn’t got time to get lonely because he has too much work. “I have deadlines which would make life with someone else fairly difficult.” Only an Ideal Woman would make him change his lifestyle, he says. Kaufmann, author of a recent book called “The Single Woman and Prince Charming, thinks this fierce new individualism means that people expect more and more of mates, so relationships don't last long-if they start at all. Eppendorf, a blond Berliner with a deep tan, teaches grade school in the mornings. In the afternoon she sunbathes or sleeps, resting up for going dancing. Just shy of 50, she says she’d never have wanted to do what her mother did-give up a career to raise a family. Instead, “I’ve always done what I wanted to do: live a self-determined life.”1.More and more young Europeans remain single because （）.2.What is said about European society in the passage?3.According to Paragraph 3, the newest group of singles are （）. 4.The author quotes Eppendorf to show that （）. 5.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labor. Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. These roles were firmly fixed for most people, and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles. But by the middle of this century, men’s and women’s roles were becoming less firmly fixed.In the 1950s, economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the 1960s a new force developed called the counterculture. The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class American goals. The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare, men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact, some young men and women moved to communal homes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier. Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietnam.In terms of numbers, the counterculture was not a very large group of people. But its influence spread to many parts of American society. Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on “overtime” work so that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Some doctors, lawyers, and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighborhoods.In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or women’s liberation, produced additional economic and social changes. Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers. Most of them still took traditional women’s jobs as public school teaching, nursing, and secretarial work. But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work, banking, dentistry, and construction work. Women were asking for equal work, and equal opportunities for promotion.Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations.1.Which of the following best express the main idea of Paragraph 1?2.Which sentence best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 2?3.In the passage the author proposes that the counterculture （）.4.It could be inferred from the passage that （）. 5.The best title for the passage may be（）.

“Congratulations, Mr. Jones, it’s a girl.”Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel pride when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. Although there are some men who like children and may have had considerable experience with them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. For other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this reconciliation process. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of fathers.It is argued by some writers that the change to the father’s role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the change the wife must take to the mother’s role. The mother’s role seems to require a complete transformation in daily routine and highly innovative adaptation. On the other hand, the father’s role is less demanding and immediate. However, even though we mentioned the fact that growing numbers of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household.1. From the passage, we learn that fatherhood （）.2.What does the passage say about the shift from the role of husband to that of father?3.The passage indicates that （）. 4.Which of the following will the author most probably disagree with?5.The author's purpose in writing this passage is to（）.

The key element to successful interviewing is not your experience, your grades, what classes you took, your extracurricular activities, or any of the other basic necessities. Those skills are what got you the interview. The key element to successful interviewing can be summed up in one word: attitude. If you want to rise above others with better experience, better grades, or better anything, you will need to work on developing a highly positive work attitude.Your attitude determines whether you will “make the cut” or be discarded. Remember, there are plenty of competitors with the ability to do almost any given job— especially at the entry level.The way most employers differentiate at the entry level is by candidates’ attitudes toward the job. Your attitude is often what recruiters will remember when the dust has settled after reviewing ten, twenty, or even one hundred candidates—the one who was sincerely willing to put forth his very best effort. If you have the attitude of wanting to do your very best for the company, of being focused on the company’s needs, of putting yourself forth as the person who will be committed and dedicated to fulfilling their needs, you will likely be the one chosen.’Why is attitude so important? Because most companies already have their fall share of multi-talented superstars who care about no one but themselves. Ask any manager who the most valuable member of his team is, and he will point not to the overrated superstar, but to the person who has the ‘can do’ attitude, the person who can be counted on in any situation, the person who truly strives for excellence. Give me a team player who is achieving at 99% and I will take her over a flashy superstar who is running at 50% efficiency any day of the week. And so will 99% of all hiring managers.So don’t worry if you are not “superstar” quality. If you can show me in your words and actions, that you are ready to put forth your very best effort toward achieving excellence, you will be chosen over the superstar. You can show your winning attitude in the way you present yourself. Incorporate the actual words “positive “excellence,” and “striving to be the best” into your interview language. Then show by your stories and examples how these words positively affect your life. Show me when and where and how you have put forth extra effort above and beyond the call of duty. Show me how you beat a deadline, how you excelled in a project, or how you made a difference by going the extra mile. If you can show nie, by words and examples, your “can do” attitude, it is you I will hire, while all of the superstars will receive polite rejection letters to add to their growing collections.1.What is the key element to successful interviewing according to this passage?2.Which of the following statement is correct in the author’s opinion?3.Who is the most valuable member of his team to a manager?4.In an interview, what makes you leave a good impression on the interviewer?5.What is the best title for this passage?

Imagine waking up and finding the value of your assets has been halved. No, you’re not an investor in one of those hedge funds that failed completely. With the dollar slumping to a 26-year low against the pound, already expensive London has become quite unaffordable. A coffee at Starbucks, just as unavoidable in England as it is in the United States, runs about $8.The once all-powerful dollar isn’t doing a Titanic against just the pound. It is sitting at a record low against the euro and at a 30-year low against the Canadian dollar. Even the Argentine peso and Brazilian real are thriving against the dollar.The weak dollar is a source of humiliation, for a nation’s self-esteem rests in part on the strength of its currency. It’s also a potential economic problem, since a declining dollar makes imported food more expensive and exerts upward pressure on interest rates. And yet there are substantial sectors of the vast U.S. economy—from giant companies like Coca-Cola to mom-and-pop restaurant operators in Miami—for which the weak dollar is most excellent news.Many Europeans may view the U.S. as an arrogant superpower that has become hostile to foreigners. But nothing makes people think more warmly of the U.S. than a weak dollar. Through April, the total number of visitors from abroad was up 6.8 percent from last year. Should the trend continue, the number of tourists this year will finally top the 2000 peak. Many Europeans now apparently view the U.S. the way many Americans view Mexico—as a cheap place to vacation, shop and party, all while ignoring the fact that the poorer locals catty afford to join the merrymaking.The money tourists spend helps decrease our chronic trade deficit* So do exports, which, thanks in part to the weak dollar, soared 11 percent between May 2006 and May 2007. For thefirst five months of 2007，the trade deficit actually fell 7 percent from 2006.If you own shares in large American corporations, you’re a winner in the weak-dollar gamble. Last week Coca-Cola’s stock bubbled to a five-year high after it reported a fantastic quarter. Foreign sales accounted for 65 percent of Coke’s beverage business. Other American companies profiting from this trend include McDonald’s and IBM.American tourists, however, shouldn't expect any relief soon. The dollar lost strength the way many marriages break up—slowly, and then all at once. And currencies don’t turn on a dime. So if you want to avoid the pain inflicted by the increasingly pathetic dollar, cancel that summer vacation to England and look to New England. There, the dollar is still treated with a little respect.1.Why do Americans feel humiliated?2.How does the current dollar affect the life of ordinary Americans?3.How do many Europeans feel about the U.S. with the devalued dollar?4.What is the author’s advice to Americans?5.What does the author imply by saying "currencies don’t turn on a dime” (Line 2, Pare. 7)?

Blood vessels running all through the lungs carry blood to each air sac, or alveolus, and then back again to the heart. Only the thin wall of the air sac and the thin wall of a capillary are between the air and the blood. So oxygen easily diffuses from the air sacs through the walls into the blood, while carbon dioxide easily diffuses from the blood through the walls into the air sacs.When blood is sent to the lungs by the heart, it has come back from the cells in the rest of the body. So the blood that goes into the wall of an air sac contains much dissolved carbon dioxide but very little oxygen. At the same time, the air that goes into the air sac contains much oxygen but very little carbon dioxide. You have learned that dissolved materials always diffuse from where there is more of them to where there is less. Oxygen from the air dissolves in the moisture on the lining of the air sac and diffuses through the lining into the blood. Meanwhile, carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the air sac. The blood then flows from the lungs back to the heart, which sends it out to all other parts of the body.Soon after air goes into an air sac, it gives up some of its oxygen and takes in some carbon dioxide from the blood. To keep diffusion going as it should, this carbon dioxide must be gotten rid of. Breathing, which is caused by movements of the chest, forces the used air out of the air sacs in your lungs and brings in fresh air. The breathing muscles are controlled automatically so that you breathe at the proper rate to keep your air sacs supplied with fresh air. Ordinarily, you breathe about twenty-two times a minute. Of course, you breathe faster when you are exercising and slower when you are resting. Fresh air is brought into your lungs when you breathe in, or inhale, while used air is forced out of your lungs when you breathe out, or exhale.Some people think that all the oxygen is taken out of the air in the lungs and that what we breathe out is pure carbon dioxide. But these ideas are not correct. Air is a mixture of gases that is mostly nitrogen. This gas is not used in the body. So the amount of nitrogen does not change as air is breathed in and out. But while air is in the lungs, it is changed in three ways: (1) about one-fifth of the oxygen in the air goes into the blood; (2) an almost equal amount of carbon dioxide comes out of the blood into the air and (3) moisture from the linings of the air passages and air sacs evaporates until the air is almost saturated.1.It can be inferred from the passage that oxygen and carbon dioxide （）. 2.When blood travels back to the lungs by the heart,（）.3.The movement of breathing can effectively （）. 4.When we breathe out, the amount of nitrogen （）. 5.The air in the lungs changes through（）.

He stood there, （）a pen.

Mr. Green has recently been（）of the company.

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