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Despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotels of （）standards.

There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone（） me that evening.

They’ll have you（） if you don't pay your taxes.

Water enters into a great variety of chemical reactions,（） have been mentioned inprevious pages.

The magician picked several persons（） from the audience and asked them to helphim with the performance.

Tom（） better than to ask Dick for help.

TopicAt present it is hard for college graduates to find jobs. Many people claim that college teachers should give priority to practical courses like computer science and business over such traditional ones as history and geography. What do you think? Write an essay at least 180 words.

修剪树木可能是为了确保树木有一个所要求的形状或大小。传统上，电视一直是一种大众转播传媒。我们对电视最熟悉，因为它以一种相似的形式存在近50年了。你可以相信，一个作家付出的努力越大，写作效果就会越好，得到的回报也就越大。一个妇女当她扮演起多重角色的时候，她会感到更加幸福。很明显，在一种体制下，如果每一项决定都只是根据传统习惯来做，那么，社会就会很难进步。

The “standard of living” of any country means the average person’s share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country’s standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. “Wealth” in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: “goods” such as food and clothing, and “services” such as transport and entertainment.A country’s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country’s natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate; other regions possess perhaps only one of these things, and some regions possess none of them. The U.S.A is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she has vast natural resources within her borders, her soil is fertile, and her climate is varied. The Sahara Desert, on the other hand, is one of the least wealthy.Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well off as the U.S.A. in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons was unable to develop her resources. Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country’s people. Old countries that have, through many centuries, trained up numerous skilled craftsmen and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled. Wealth also produces wealth. As a country becomes wealthier, its people have a large margin for saving, and can put their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to turn out more goods in their working day.

The narrow passage ended in a round arch fringed with ivy and creepers. The children passed through the arch into a narrow ravine whose banks were of stone, moss-covered. Trees growing on the top of the bank arched across and the sunlight came through in changing patches of brightness. The path, which was of greeny-grey stones where heaps of leaves had drifted, sloped steeply down, and at the end of it was another round arch, quite dark inside, above which were rose rocks and grass and bushes.“It’s like the outside of a railway tunnel,” said Jimmy.“It might be the entrance to an enchanted castle,” said Kathleen.Under the drifted damp leaves the path was firm and stony. At the dark arch they stopped.“There are steps down,” said Gerald.Very slowly and carefully they went down the steps. Gerald struck a match when the last step was found to have no edge and to be in fact the beginning of a passage turning to the left.“This,” said Jimmy, “might take us back to the road.”“Or under it,” said Gerald, “we’ve come down eleven steps.”They went on, following Gerald, who went very slowly for fear, as he explained, of steps. The passage was very dark.Then came a glimmer of daylight that grew and grew and presently ended in another arch that looked out over a scene so like a picture out of a book about Italy that everyone’s breath was taken away, and they simply walked forward silent and staring. A short avenue of cypresses led, winding as it went, to a marble terrace that lay broad and white in the sunlight. The children, blinking, leaned their arms on the flat balustrade （栏杆）and gazed.Immediately below them was a lake with swans and an island with willow trees, and among the trees gleamed the white figures of statues. Against a hill to the left was a round white building with pillars and to the right a waterfall came tumbling down among mossy stones to splash into the lake. Steps went from the terrace to the water and other steps to the green lawns beside it. Away across the grassy slopes deer were feeding and in the distance was an enormous house of grey stone, like nothing the children had ever seen before.“It is an enchanted castle,” said Gerald.“There aren’t any enchanted castles,” said Jimmy, “you ought to know that.”“Well, anyway, I’m going to explore，” said Gerald. “You needn’t come if you don’t wantto.” The others followed. There never was such a garden—out of a picture or a fairy tale. They passed quite close to the deer, who only raised their heads to look and did not seem startled at all. After a long stretch of grass, they passed under an avenue of lime trees and came into a rose garden bordered with thick hedges.“I know we shall meet a gardener in a minute and he’ll ask what we’re doing here, and then what shall we say?” Kathleen asked.“We’ll say we’ve lost our way, and it will be quite true,” said Gerald.1.When they came out of the last arch the children were silent because（） .2.From the terrace the children were able to see（） .3.How was it possible to reach the lake from the terrace?4.Kathleen thought that if they met a gardener（） .5.The story suggests that the children（） .

There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”，although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”，although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your application”，or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”，is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae (or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”，was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. “Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for”，was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.1.According to the passage, the new type of advertisements（） .2.Now a demand for this type of service has been created because（） .3.In the past it was expected that first job hunters would （）.4.When applying for more important jobs, one had better include in the letter（） .5.The resume has become so important because （）.

She is a very （）student. She’s always talking about traveling to outer space.

TopicSome people believe that attending a college or a university in a foreign country has many advantages; others believe that the disadvantages outweigh the advantage. Write a composition on the topic Studying Abroad in three paragraphs, in which you briefly discuss both side of this issue, and give your point of view.

大米的营养价值同土豆的差不多，但在常温下保存的更久。上大学并不一定是每个人的恰当的选择，更不是唯一的选择。仅碳氢两种元素就能构成成千上万种化合物，其原因是碳氢的分子可以以不同的方式进行连接。所有这些都促使学生独立认真地学习，促使他们学会如何发现利用大学的资源。经济水平比较低的情况下，它反而会给现代政府在提供食物，就业机会等方面增加巨大的负担。

The most intensive forms of rural land use for agricultural purposes are those concerned with harvestable crops or with the production of animal products. Unlike primitive agriculture, which involved only the temporary removal of natural vegetation and depended for a short period of time natural soil fertility, conventional agriculture today uses large inputs of chemicals, energy and technical skills to produce increased yields of crops or animals. In the technologically advanced countries food production is often greater than population growth, and it is possible to retire former farmlands from use and to produce crops according to demand without approaching the maximum yields obtainable. The so-called Green Revolution has been based on the spread such farming methods to less developed nation of the world. It has been made possible by the breeding of high-yielding forms of grain specifically adapted to the ecological conditions of the countries involved. The decision to use an area of land for high-yield agriculture essentially rules out its use for attar purposes. The intensive production of farm crops in an agricultural region may also have side effects; as has been previously noted, these may include the pollution of other the pesticides, herbicides, or other agricultural chemicals blown or washed from farmlands affect vegetation and animal life elsewhere. Nevertheless, committing an area to intensive agricultural production does not rule out its future restoration for other uses. As long as the soils are well cared for, such areas can be convened quickly to other purposes if it is not necessary to keep them in farm production. Abandoned farmlands in the southern United States, for example, are now highly productive forest areas, and former fanning lands elsewhere are being used to support wildlife and outdoor recreation. In general planning for conservation of natural resources, intensive use and high production in those areas best suited for farming must be of course, that the polluting effects of these activities on the general environment are avoided. Such concentration can spare the destruction of other resources through to use inadequate lands for marginal farming activities.

Another trend of the 1990s in the computer industry is toward multimedia formats, as the market for conventional types of computer-those that have computation and data processing as their major functions-has begun to become saturated. Multimedia computers are systems that can process graphics, sound, video, and animation in addition to traditional data processing. Videocassette recorders, televisions, telephones, and audiocassette players have recently undergone a change in technology from analog to digital formats. Television images, for example, can be processed by computer programs once they have been converted to digital signals while those in conventional analog signals cannot. In other words, digital video images can be zoomed up or down, reshaped, or rearranged by the appropriate software. Also, due to advances in video-signal compression technology, the memory space required for storing a video program has been greatly reduced.Multimedia has important applications for consumer products and for business needs. Video scenes that are captured by camcorders can be combined with text, sound, and data and can be on television sets in homes, schools, or offices. These multimedia presentations are becoming useful educational and communication tools. For example, there are available Encyclopedias that contain video programs depicting animal behaviors, geomorphic processes, and other natural phenomena. Automobile mechanics can watch videos that demonstrate how to repair new models. In business applications, documents can be annotated with voice or video. New consumer products can be more effectively marketed by demonstrating how they can be used, CD-ROMS of numerous other subjects have been recently published; all of them can be viewed on TV monitors using multimedia computers. These multimedia computer systems can, in turn, be incorporated into computer networks enhancing the effectiveness of communication.This multitude of new products and capabilities has been made possible by the tremendous progress of microprocessor technology. Because of the advances in this area, personal computers have become more powerful, smaller, and less expensive, which has enabled computer networks to proliferate. Many of the tasks that were traditionally performed by mainframes have been transferred to personal computers connected to communications networks. Although the mainframe continues to be produced and serves a useful purpose, it has been used more often as one of many different computers and peripheral devices connected to computer networks. In this new role, the function of mainframes as powerful processors of database systems in becoming important, and, as a result, massively parallel computers with hundreds or thousands of microprocessors are being produced. In addition to being powerful, the microprocessors used for this purpose must be inexpensive, but low costs can be achieved only if they are mass-produced. Throughout the world, more than 100,000,000 personal computers and 500,000 workstations are in use whereas only several hundred supercomputers are in operation; the numbers of mainframes and minicomputers fall somewhere between those of supercomputers and workstations. Because of such high-volume production, microprocessors for personal computers or workstations tend to be inexpensive and are available for use in massively parallel computers as well.1.Multimedia computers（） .2.The underlined word “annotated” in the second paragraph most probably means（） 3.According to this passage4.Which of the following is a proper title for this passage?

Andrew Carnegie, American industrialist and philanthropist, made a fortune by manufacturing iron and steel protected by custom tariff. In 1873, on one of his frequent trips to England, he met Henry Bessemer and became convinced that the industrial future lay in steel. He built the J. Edgar Thomson steel Mills pear Pittsburgh, and from that moment on, the Carnegie Empire was one of constant expansion. Later on, the Carnegie Steel Co. became an immense organization. It included all the process of steel production from the great furnaces and finishing mills of Pittsburgh to the inroads and lake steamers that move the ores and the finish products.Like his grandfather, Andrew Carnegie did not abandon the radical idealism of his forebears for the benefit of the working class. In spite of his espousal of Herbert Spencer philosophy and the social Darwinism of the period, Carnegie remained deeply committed to many of the Chartists ideals of his boyhood. He believed in the social responsibility of the man of wealth to society. He must save as a steward for the fortune; he has earned and used that fortune to provide great opportunity for all and to increase man’s knowledge of himself and of his universe. Furthermore, Carnegie be in the form of free charity but rather must be as a buttress to the community’s responsibility for its own people. When Carnegie died in Lenox, Mass, on August 11, 1919, most of his fortune was already gone. People wonder that if Carnegie had known this when he was alive, he would have spread most of his wealth to the poor people.1.Carnegie was able to develop his vast industrial fortunes（） .2.Carnegie following his ancestor’s footsteps （）.3.The industry Carnegie was not concerned with was（） .4.Carnegie’s trips to England（） .5.Which happened first?6.Andrew Carnegie’s Philanthropic ideals （）.

Ours is a society that tries to keep the world sharply divided into masculine and feminine, not because that is the way the world is, but because that is the way we believe it should be. It takes unwavering belief and considerable effort to keep this division. It also leads us to make some fairly foolish judgments, particularly about language.Because we think that language also should be divided into masculine and feminine we have become very skilled at ignoring anything that will not fit our preconceptions. We would rather change what we hear than change our ideas about the gender division of the world. We will call assertive girls unfeminine, and supportive boys effeminate, and try to change them while still retaining our stereotypes of masculine and feminine talk.This is why some research on sex differences and language has been so interesting. It is an illustration of how wrong we can be. Of the many investigators who set out to find the stereotyped sex differences in language, few have had any positive results. It deems that our images of serious taciturn （沉默的）male speakers and gossipy garrulous （饶舌的）female speakers are just that: images.Many myths associated with masculine and feminine talk have had to be discarded as more has been undertaken. If females do use more trivial words than males, stop talking in d-sentence, or talk about the same things over and over again, they do not do it when investigators are around.None of these characteristics of female speech have been found. And even when sex differences have been found, the question arises as to whether the difference is in the eye-or ear-of the beholder, rather than in the language.Pitch provides one example. We believe that males were meant to talk in low pitched voices while females in high pitched voices. We also believe that low pitch is more desirable. Well, it has been found that this difference cannot be explained by anatomy.If males do not speak in high pitched voices, it is not usually because they are unable to do is more likely to be that there are penalties. Males with high pitched voices are the object of ridicule. But pitch is not an absolute, for what is considered the right pitch for males varies from country to country.1.The passage implies that the author’s attitude towards the division of feminine talk andmasculine talk is（） .2.What does the word “effeminate” (Para 2) mean?3.The author uses pitch as an example in order to indicate（） .4.Which of the following does NOT belong to the stereotype of feminine talk?5.Males do not speak loudly because （）.

“There is a senseless notion that children grow up and leave home when they’re 18, and the truth is far from that says sociologist Larry Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin. Today unexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents. “There is a major shift in the middle class,” declares sociologist Allan Schnaiberg of Northwestern University, whose son, 19, moved back in after an absence of eight mouths.Analysts cite a variety of reasons for this return to the nest. The marriage age is rising, condition that makes home and its pleasantness particularly attractive to young people. A high divorce rate and a declining remarriage rate are sending economically pressed and emotionally hurt survivors back to parental shelters. For some, the expense of an away-from-home college education has become so excessively great that many students now attend local schools. Even after graduation, young people find their wings clipped by skyrocketing housing costs.Living at home, says Kinghton, a school teacher, continues to give her security and moral support. Her mother agreed, “It’s ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent. It make sense for kids to stay at home.” But sharing the family home requires adjustments for all. They are the hassles over bathrooms, telephones and privacy. Some families however, manage the delicate balancing act. But for others, it proves too difficult. Michelle Del Turco, 24, has been home three times-and left three times. “What I considered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol Problem,” she explains. “He never liked anyone I dated, so either had to hide away or meet them at friends9 house.”Just how long should adult children live with their parents before moving on? Most psychologists feel lengthy homecomings are a mistake. Children struggling to establish separate identities, can end up with “a sense of inadequacy, defeat and failure.” And aging parents, who should be enjoying some financial and personal freedom themselves stuck responsibilities. Many agree that brief visits, however, can work beneficially.1.According to the author, there was once a trend in the U.S.（） .2.Which of the following does not account for young adults returning to the nest（） .3.One of the disadvantages of young adults returning to stay with their parents is that（）4. The word “hassles” in the passage （Para 3. Line 4） probably means（） .5. According to the passage what is the best for both parents and children?

A new kind of radar has been developed for space-age travelers. A working laboratorymodel of a new system of radar that makes use of a beam of light is said to be ten thousand times more accurate than the best comparable system of radar that uses microwaves.The model has shown that radar system can measure with absolute precision speeds varying from spaceship orbital injection velocities of live miles per second down to virtual stops-speeds of less than one ten-thousandth of an inch per second. According to the scientists who are developing this system, such fine measures of velocity are of prime importance in space missions. In a rendezvous （宇宙飞回合点）between two spaceships, or in a landing approach by a vehicle onto an orbiting space station, a bump could rip （划破）open a ship’s skin, or a nudge could knock the station out of its orbit.The light-beam radar, which operates at a frequency of trillions （万亿）of cycles per second, could easily detect and measure the movement of a vehicle edging up to a satellite space station even at a small fraction of an inch per second. A control systems using so precise a signal as this allow a huge vehicle to dock at a space station as lightly as a feather.1.This radar system is significant because it（） .2.Light-beam radar has proved capable of measuring speeds that （）.3.Precision in measuring slow speeds will help space pilots to（） .4.This radar will be especially valuable in space because（） .5.An appropriate title for this selection would be（） .

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