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The professor gave（）instruction for carrying out the research project.

What（）did they employ when they selected this picture as the prize-winner?

Enthusiasts from around the world（）on Le Mans for the annual car race.

We（）a figure of a man clinging to the mast of the ship.

Although most dreams apparently happen（）, dream activity may be provoked by external influences.

We are writing to the manager（）the repairs recently carried out at the above address.

Recently a number of cases have been reported of young children（）a violent act previ-ously seen on television.

More than two hundred years ago the United States （）from the British Empire and became all independent country.

Many reported that the general military message they received was that, as nurses, they were ex-pected to be（）strong.

The English language contains a (an) （）of words which are comparatively seldom used in ordinary conversation.

It is difficult to （） this goal if you work hard continuously.

The Supreme Court（）the judgment of the lower court.

While admiring that this forecast was（）uncertain, the scientists warned against treating it as a cry of wolf.

It is necessary for the valuable species to（）itself in order to stay in existence.

As for love of children, this love is（）expressed through supplying material comforts, a-musements, and educational opportunities.

We（） that he cannot finish the work before June 15.

While typing, Kathy had a habit of stopping（）o give her long and flowing hair a smooth.

He is the author of this novel with high（）in the country.

Recent research has claimed that an excess of positive ions in the air can have an ill effect on people’s physical or psychological health. What are positive ions? Well, the air is full of ions, electri-cally charged particles, and generally there is a rough balance between the positive and the negative charged. But sometimes this balance becomes disturbed and a larger proportion of positive ions are found. This happens naturally before thunderstorm, earthquakes when winds such as the Mistral,Hamsin or Sharav are blowing in certain countries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of static elec-tricity indoors from carpets or clothing made of man-made fibers, or from TV sets, duplicators or com-puter display screens.When a large number of positive ions are present, in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such as headaches, fatigue，irritability, and some particularly sensitive people suffer nausea or even mental disturbance. Animals are also affected, particularly before earthquakes, snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation, rats to flee from their burrows, dogs howl and cats jump aboutunaccountably. This has led the U. S. Geographical Survey to fund a network, of volunteers to watch animals in an effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California.Conversely, when large numbers of negative ions are present, then people have a feeling of well- being. Natural conditions that produce these large amounts are near the sea, close to waterfalls or fountains, or in any place where water is sprayed, or forms a spray. This probably accounts for the beneficial effect of a holiday by the sea, or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls.To increase the supply of negative ions indoors, some scientists recommend the use of ionizers: small portable machines, which generate negative ions. They claim that ionizers not only clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course, there are the detractors, other scientists, who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative / posi-tive ion research. Therefore people can only make up their own minds by observing the effects onthemselves, or on others，of a negative rich or poor environment. After all it is debatable whether de-pending on seismic readings to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat.1.What effect does exceeding positive ionization have on some people?2.In accordance with the passage, static electricity can be caused by（） .3.A high negative ion count is likely to be found（） .4.What kind of machine can generate negative ions indoors?5.According to the passage, some scientists believe that （）

In recent years, teachers of introductory courses in Asian American studies have been facing a dilemma nonexistent a few decades ago, when hardly any texts in that field were available. Today, excellent anthologies （文选）and other introductory texts exist, and books on individual Asian Ameri- cans are published almost weekly. Even professors who are experts in the field find it difficult to de-cide which of these to assign to students ； non-experts who teach in related areas and are looking for writings for and by Asian American to include in survey courses are in an even worse position.A complicating factor has been the continuing lack of specialized one-volume reference works on Asian Americans, such as biographical dictionaries or desktop encyclopedias. Such works would ena-ble students taking Asian American studies courses （ and professors in related fields） to look up basic information on Asian American individuals, institutions, history, and culture without having to wade through （费力地阅读冗长或艰深的材料）mountains of primary source material. In addition, givensuch works, Asian American studies professors might feel more free to include more challenging Asian American material in their introductory reading lists, since good reference works allow students to ac-quire on their own the background information necessary to interpret difficult or unfamiliar material.1.The author is primarily concerned with（）.2.The “dilemma” (Line 2，Para. 1) can best be characterized as being caused by the necessity to make a choice when faced with a（）3.Biographical dictionaries and desktop encyclopedias are（） .4.Which of the following is implied about the introductory courses in Asian American studies a few decades ago?5.According to the passage, the existence of good one-volume reference works about Asian Ameri-cans could result in（）

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