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They are working（）time to fulfill the task according to the schedule.

After the music had（）there was a storm of applause.

The book contained a large（） of information.

The simplest animals are those whose bodies are simplest in structure and which do the things done by all living animals, such as eating, breathing, moving and feeling, in the most（） way.

In the past, American colleges and universities were created to serve a dual purpose to advance learning and to offer a chance to become familiar with bodies of knowledge already discovered to those who wished it. To create and to impart these were the distinctive feature of American higher education prior to the most recent, disorderly decades of the twentieth century. The successful institution of higher learning had never been one whose mission could be defined in terms of providing vocational skills or as a strategy for resolving societal problems. In a subtle way Americans believed higher education to be useful, but not necessarily of immediate use.Another purpose has now been assigned to the mission of American colleges and universities. Institutions of higher learning—public or private—commonly face the challenge of defining their programs in such a way as to contribute to the service of the community.This service role has various applications. Most common are programs to meet the demands of regional employment markets, to provide opportunities for upward social and economic mobility, to achieve racial, ethnic, or social integration, or more generally to produce “productive” as compared to “educated” graduates. Regardless of its precise definition, the idea of a service-university has won acceptance within the academic community.One need only be reminded of the change in language describing the two-year college to appreciate the new value currently being attached to the concept of a service-related university. The traditional two-year college has shed its pejorative “junior” college label and is generally called a “community” college, a clearly value-laden expression representing the latest commitment in higher education. Even the doctoral degree, long recognized as a required “union card” in the academic world, has come under severe criticism as the pursuit of learning for its own sake and the accumulation of knowledge without immediate application to a professor’s classroom duties. The idea of a college or university that performs a triple function一communicating knowledge to students, expanding the content of various disciplines, and interacting in a direct relationship with society一has been the most important change in higher education in recent years.The novel development, however, is often overlooked. Educators have always been familiar with those parts of the two-year college curriculum that have a “service” or vocational orientation. It is important to know this. But some commentaries on American postsecondary education tend to underplay the impact of the attempt of colleges and universities to relate to, if not resolve, the problems of society. What’s worse, they obscure a fundamental question posed by the service-university—what is higher education supposed to do?1.The opening paragraph is written in order to state（）. 2.One of the recent, important changes in higher education relates to（）. 3.The service role of colleges specifically aims to（）. 4.It can be inferred from the passage that there exists a tendency to（）. 5.The author’s attitude toward the service-education concept is（）.

All cultures have some system of measuring duration, or keeping time, but in western industrialized societies, we keep track of time in what seems to other peoples almost an obsessive fashion. We view time as motion on a space, a kind of linear progression measured by the clock and the calendar. This perception contributes to our sense of history and the keeping of records, which are typical aspects of western cultures.Although our perceptions of time seem natural to us, we must not assume that other cultures operate on the same time system. For instance, why should we assume that a Hopi raised in the Hopi culture would have the same intuitions about time that we have? In Hopi history, if records had been written, we would find a different set of cultural and environmental influences working together. The Hopi people are a peaceful agricultural society isolated by geographic feature and nomad enemies in a land of little rainfall. Their agriculture is successful only by the greatest perseverance. Extensive preparations are needed to ensure crop growth. Thus the Hopi value persistence and repetition in activity. They have a sense of the cumulative value of numerous, small, repeated movements, for to them such movements are not wasted but are stored up to make changes in later events. The Hopi have no intuition of time as motion, as a smooth flowing line on which everything in the universe proceeds at an equal rate away from a past, through a present, into a foreseeable future.Long and careful study of the Hopi language has revealed that it contains no words, grammatical forms, constructions, or expressions that refer to what we call time—the past, present, or future—or to the duration or lasting aspect of time. To the Hopi, “time” is a “getting later” of everything that has been done, so that past and present merge together. The Hopi do not speak, as we do in English? Of a “new day” or “another day” coming every twenty-four hours; among the Hopi, the return of the day is like the return of a person, a little older but with all the characteristics of yesterday. This Hopi conception, with its emphasis on the repetitive aspect of time rather than its onward flow, may be clearly seen in their ritual dances for rain and good crops, in which the basic step is a short, quick stamping of the foot repeated thousands of times, hour after hour.Of course, the American conception of time is significantly different from that of the Hopi. Americans’ understanding of time is typical of Western cultures in general and industrialized societies in particular. Americans view time as a commodity, as a “thing” that can be saved, spent, or wasted. We budget our time as we budget our money. We even say, “Time is money”. We are concerned in America with being “on time”; we don’t like to “waste” time by waiting for someone who is late or by repeating information; and we like to “spend” time wisely by keeping busy. These statements all sound natural to a North American. In fact, we think, how could it be otherwise? It is difficult for us not to be irritated by the apparent carelessness about time in other cultures. For example, individuals in other countries frequently turn up an hour or more late for an appointment— although “being late” is at least within our cultural framework. For instance, how can we begin to enter the cultural world of the Sioux, in which there is no word for “late” or “waiting”. Of course, the fact is that we have not had to enter the Sioux culture; the Sioux have had to enter ours. It is only when we participate in other cultures on their terms that we can begin to see the cultural patterning of time.1.From the passage, the Hopi have no intuition of time as motion because（）. 2. What is the Hopi’s conception of time?3.The concept of time as a commodity in the last paragraph means that （）.4.If you were to visit a Sioux festival, it would probably be necessary that（）. 5.Which of the following views seems most opposite to the Western perception of time?

Education is one of the key words of our time. A man, without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of adverse circumstances deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities. Convinced of the importance of education, modern states “invest” in institutions of learning to get back “interest” in the form of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, is punctuated by textbooks—those purchasable wells of wisdom—what would civilization be like without its benefits?So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births; but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on “facts and figures” and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow-citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of “college” imaginable. Among the people whom we like to call savages all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally equipped for life.It is the ideal condition of the “equal start” which only our most progressive forms of modern education try to regain. In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding to all. There are no “illiterates”一if the term can be applied to people without a script—while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in France in 1806, and in England 1876, and is still non-existent in a number of “civilized” nations. This shows how long it was before we deemed it necessary to make sure that all our children could share in the knowledge accumulated by the “happy few” during the past centuries.Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry which, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents, therefore the jungles and the grasslands know of no “juvenile delinquency”. No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children and no father is confronted with his inability to “buy” an education for his child.1.The word “interest” in the first paragraph most probably means（）.2.According to the passage, the author seems to be （）.3.It can be inferred from the passage that（）. 4.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?5.The best title for this passage is（）.

The domestic economy in the United States expanded in a remarkably vigorous and steady fashion. The revival in consumer confidence was reflected in the higher proportion of incomes spent for goods and services and the marked increase in consumer willingness to take on installment debt. A parallel strengthening in business psychology was manifested in a stepped-up rate of plant and equipment spending and a gradual pickup in expenses for inventory. Confidence in the economy was also reflected in the strength of the stock market and in the stability of the bond market. For the years as a whole, consumer and business sentiment benefited from the ease in East-West tensions.The bases of the business expansion were to be found mainly in the stimulative monetary and fiscal policies that had been pursued. Moreover, the restoration of sounder liquidity positions and tighter management control of production efficiency had also helped lay the groundwork for a strong expansion. In addition, the economic policy moves made by the President had served to renew optimism on the business outlook while boosting hopes that inflation would be brought under more effective control. Finally, of course, the economy was able to grow as vigorously as it did because sufficient leeway existed in terms of idle men and machines.The United States balance of payments deficit declined sharply. Nevertheless, by any other test, the deficit remained very large, and there was actually a substantial deterioration in our trade account to a sizable deficit, almost two-thirds of which was with Japan. While the overall trade performance proved disappointing, there are still good reasons for expecting the delayed impact of devaluation to produce in time a significant strengthening in our trade picture. Given the size of the Japanese component of our trade deficit, however, the outcome will depend importantly on the extent of the corrective measures undertaken by Japan. Also important will be our own efforts in the United States to fashion internal policies consistent with an improvement in our external balance.The underlying task of public policy for the year ahead—and indeed for the longer run—remained a familiar one: to strike the right balance between encouraging healthy economic growth and avoiding inflationary pressures. With the economy showing sustained and vigorous growth, and with the currency crisis highlighting the need to improve our competitive posture internationally, the emphasis seemed to be shifting to the problem of inflation. The Phase Three Program of wage and price restraint can contribute to reducing inflation. Unless productivity growth is unexpectedly large; however, the expansion of real output must eventually begin to slow down to the economy’s larger run growth potential if generalized demand pressures on prices are to be avoided.1.The author mentions increased installment debt in the first paragraph in order to show（）.2.Paragraph 2 mainly deals with （）.3.It can be inferred from the third paragraph that the author’s attitude toward the reduction of the international payments deficit seems（）.4.Part of the public policy task, as outlined in the text, is to （）.5.It can be learned from the last paragraph that the Phase Three Program contained （）.

In this part, you are required to write an essay of no less than 200 words on Private Schools in China. The essay should be based on the outline below:1.Their advantages;2.Their disadvantages;3.Your comments.

在找工作的过程中，面试是一个关键时刻；面试的成功与否，除了面试官如何看你的条件及个人素质外，主要取决于他们如何评价你在面试中总的表现；因此，有必要把它当作一场演出或比赛来看待，其目的是向面试官表示你是干这项工作的最佳人选；大多数人在面试中采取被动策略，尽全力回答提出的问题；一种更好的方法是控制局面，使面试官有绝对理由相信你能胜任这项工作，让他们没有理由相信你不能胜任它。

Two modes of argumentation have been used on behalf of women’s emancipation in Western societies. Arguments in what could be called the “relational” feminist tradition maintain the doctrine of “equality in difference”, or equity as distinct from equality. They contend that biological distinctions between the sexes result in a necessary sexual division of labor in the family and throughout society and that women’s procreative labor is currently undervalued by society, to the disadvantage of women. By contrast, the individualist feminist tradition emphasizes individual human rights and cerebrates (崇尚) women’s quest for personal autonomy, while downplaying the importance of gender roles and minimizing discussion of childbearing and its attendant responsibilities. Before the late nineteenth century, these views coexisted within the feminist movement, often within the writings of the same individual. Between 1890 and 1920, however, relational feminism, which had been the dominant strain in feminist thought and which, still predominates among European and non-Western feminists, lost ground in England and the United States. Because the concept of individual rights was already well-established in the Anglo-Saxon legal and political tradition, individualist feminism came to predominate in English-speaking countries. At the same time, the goals of the two approaches began to seem increasingly irreconcilable. Individualist feminists began to advocate a totally gender- blind system with equal rights for all. Relational feminists, while agreeing that equal educational and economic opportunities outside the home should be available for all women, continued to emphasize women’s special contributions to society as homemakers and mothers. They demanded special treatment for women, including protective legislation for women workers, state-sponsored maternity benefits, and paid compensation for housework.Relational arguments have a major pitfall: because they underline women’s physiological and psychological distinctiveness, they are often appropriated by political adversaries and used to endorse male privilege. But the individualist approach, by attacking gender roles, denying the significance of physiological difference, and condemning existing familial institutions as hopelessly patriarchal, has often simply treated as irrelevant the family roles important to many women. If the individualist framework, with its claim for women’s autonomy, could be harmonized with the family-oriented concerns of relational feminists, a more fruitful model for contemporary feminist politics could emerge.

Rabies is an ordinarily infectious disease of the central nervous system. It is caused by a virus and,（1） a rule, spread chiefly by domestic dogs and （2） flesh-eating animals. Man and all warm-blooded animals are susceptible（3） rabies. The people of （4） Egypt, Greece and Rome ascribed rabies to evil spirits （5） ordinarily gentle and friendly animals suddenly became vivacious and violent（6） evident cause and,（7） a period of maniacal behavior became paralyzed and died.Experiments （8） out in Europe in the early nineteenth century of injecting saliva from a rabid dog （9） a normal dog proved that the disease was infectious. Preventive steps,（10） as the destruction of stray dogs, were taken and （11） 1862 the disease was permanently eliminated in Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Though urban center on the continent of Europe were cleared several times during the nineteenth century, （12） soon became re-infected since rabies was uncontrolled among wild animals.Anti-rabies vaccine is widely used nowadays in two ways. Dogs may be given three-year protection （13） the disease by one powerful injection,（14） persons who have been （15） by rabid animals are given a course of daily injections over a week （16） ten days. The mortality rate from all（17） of bites from rabid animals has dropped from 9% to 0.5%. In rare （18） , the vaccine will not prevent rabies in human （19）because the virus produces the disease before the person’s body has （20） to build up enough resistance. Because of this, immediate vaccination is essential for anyone bitten by an animal observed acting strangely and the animal should be captured circumspectly, and examined professionally or destroyed.

You will have to work hard to（） the time you lost.

His difficulty in expressing himself clearly will be a （）to his plans to become a lawyer.

The shop manager said that he intended to（） the less efficient members of his staff.

Because of the close （）of architects and builders, the building was completed ahead of schedule.

If no one takes the（）and plans for the trip, we will never leave home.

The public is very （）about the governor’s plans for a tax cut.

Since the package was（） , the damage was paid for.

Betty, though（） in most things, spent a lot of money on clothes.

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