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He is too young to be able to ________ between right and wrong.

Marlin is a young man of independent thinking who is not about ________ compliments to his political leaders.

California has more light than it know ________ to do with but everything else is expensive.

________ can be seen from the comparison of these figures, the principle involves the active participation of the patient in the modification of his condition.

It’s easy to blame the decline of conversation on the pace of modern life and on the vague changes ________ place in our ever-changing world.

Anyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery ________ just around the corner was untrue.

Every artist knows in his heart that he is（1）something to the public. Not only（2）he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understand — he wants to teach them, and he wants them to（3）him.What（4）artists like painters want to teach is easy to（5）but difficult to explain, because painters translate their（6）into shapes and colors, not（7）. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is（8）interesting for them and worth（9）to us. Without their work, we（10）these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artists.Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies（11）and repose (休眠). Their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful（12）. Contemporary artists might say that they（13）choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. （14）even they do not choose entirely（15）reference to the character of their subjects.If one painter choose to paint a gangrenous(坏疽的) leg and（16）a lake in moonlight, each of them is directing our attention to（17）of the world. Each painter is telling us something, showing us something, emphasizing something — all of（18）means that,（19）, he is trying to（20）us.

As a company executive who spent ten years in federal service, I am often asked what I regard as the biggest difference between working for the government and working for a private company. My invariable response is to say that 1 look back on my time in government as one of the most exciting and challenging experiences of my life. Furthermore, I never worked as hard as when I was a public servant.When I worked for the government; I worked with some of the finest, most competent and most committed people I have ever met. I was impressed by the overall quality of our career civil servants then, and I still am. But one of my greatest concerns now is that I will not be able to hold this same high opinion in the future.Career public servants are leaving government in alarming numbers, and qualified replacements are becoming harder and harder to find. Good people who leave career government service are striving for highly paid positions in private enterprises.We depend on government to keep this country safe in an uncertain world, to secure justice and domestic order and to solve a host of pressing problems. We need the best possible people performing and overseeing these vital tasks. A high-quality professional federal service has been a source of national pride for more than a century. But what we have built up during a hundred years can be lost in less time than we imagine. We can’t afford to let this happen. We must act now if this country is to be assured of the quality public service it deserves.1. Career public servants are leaving government in alarming numbers. One of the reasons may be that（） .2. According to the author, so I will not be able to hold this same high opinion toward the public servants in the future.3. We depend on government to keep this country safe in an uncertain world, therefore（）.4. If we neglect the serious problem and make no efforts, we will lose（）.5. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?

Paradise Lost is Milton’s masterpiece. Its story is taken from the Bible, about “the fall of man”, that is, how Adam and Eve are tempted by Satan to disobey God by eating the forbidden fruit from the Tree of Knowledge, and how they are punished by God and driven out of Paradise. In Milton’s words, the purpose of writing the epic is to “justify the ways of God to men”, but apparently, Milton is uttering his intense hatred of cruelness of the ruler in the poem. By depicting Satan and his followers as well as their fiery utterance and brave actions, Milton is showing a Puritan’s （清教徒的）revolt against the dictator and against the established Catholics and the Anglican Church.In the poem God is no better than a cruel and selfish ruler, seated on a throne with a group of angels about him singing songs to praise him. His long speeches are not pleasing at all. He is cruel and unjust in punishing Satan. His angels are stupid. But Satan is by far the most striking character in the poem, who rises against God and, though defeated, still persists in his fighting.Adam and Eve shows Milton’s belief in the power of man. God denies them a chance to pursue for knowledge. It is this longing for knowledge that opens before mankind a wide road to an intelligent and active life. It has been noted by many critics that Milton’s revolutionary feelings makes him forget religious doctrines. The angels who surround the God never think of expressing any opinions of their own, and they never seem to have any opinions of their own. The image of God surrounded by such angels resembles the court of an absolute monarch. But Satan and his followers, who freely discuss all issues in council, remind us of a Republican Parliament.1. This passage is most probably（）.2. According to the passage, Milton（） .3. In the poem, Satan is described as（） .4. Which of the following can NOT be inferred from this passage?5. According to this passage, Paradise Lost is written for the purpose of（） .

Microsoft is no longer the world’s biggest company by market capitalization. There other U.S companies have overtaken the software giant in terms of stock market value. The firm’s value has gone down sharply by 41% so far this year, from nearly $600 billion to $358 billion. Much of the reason for the fall has been the uncertainty prompted by the on-going anti-trust case. It has been overtaken by General Electric, now worth $506 billion, Intel, worth $441 billion and Cisco Systems, $436 billion.Over the past year Microsoft shares have moved downwards from a high of $120 to $68 in early trading on 7 June. Meanwhile rival Cisco has seen its share price rise by $25 to more than $60 as the company has gained its role in providing the hardware for the Internet. And for most of the year it has been competing with computer chip maker Intel for the second place. Intel’s Pentium chips are widely used in personal computers worldwide.The company that now holds the title of the world’ biggest company is an industrial giant which makes everything from toasters to jet engines. GE has sales of $110 billion — nearly ten times that of Microsoft and 340,000 employees worldwide. It has seen its profits grow by 15% a year to $11 billion. GE Capital Services, its financial subsidiary, make up nearly half its sales. GE produces power generation systems, locomotive, medical imaging equipment and electrical appliances. It also own the U.S television network NBC and its financial news subsidiary, CNBC, and ironically, a joint venture with Microsoft to provide news on the Internet.Microsoft’s shares now face a further period of uncertainty as the company’s legal battle continues. It could also face difficulty in recruiting and retaining employees whose pay has been boosted by their share options. The Seattle based firm is likely to go to an appeals court on any rulings. It could suffer further losses from lawsuits brought by competitors, who would be able to claim triple damages for any losses suffered. And with its energy and resources tied up in the lawsuits, the company may find it difficult to continue to innovate in the future, or move so aggressively to buy up competitors.1. Microsoft’s shares are devalued drastically owing to（）.2. Cisco System’s share price has risen considerably（）.3. Which is now the second biggest company in the United States?4. Which of the following companies is owned by General Electric and Microsoft together?5. Why is it difficult for Microsoft to retain employees?

The “standard of living” of any country means the average person’s share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country’s standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost its capacity to produce wealth. “Wealth” in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: “goods” such as food, clothing, and “services” such as transport and entertainment.A country’s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country’s natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other mineral, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate; other regions possess perhaps only one of these things, and some regions possess none of them. The U.S.A is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she has vast natural resources within her borders, her soil is fertile, and her climate is varied. The Sahara Desert, on the other hand, is one of the least wealthy.Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well off as the U.S.A. in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons was unable to develop her resources. Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country’s people. Old countries that have, through many centuries, trained up numerous skilled craftsmen and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled. Wealth also produces wealth. As a country becomes wealthier, its people have a large margin for saving, and can put their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to turn out more goods in their working day.1. A country’s wealth depends upon（）.2. The word “foremost” underlined means（）.3. The main idea of the second paragraph is that（） .4. The third paragraph mentions some of the advantages which one country may have over another in making use of its resources. How many such advantages are mentioned in this paragraph?5. The second sentence in Paragraph 3 is（） .

The brain is organized into different regions, each responsible for different functions, and in humans this organization is very marked. The largest parts of the brain are the cerebral hemispheres, which occupy most of the interior of the skull. They are layered structures, the most complex being the outer layer, known as the cerebral cortex （大脑皮层）, where the nerve cells are extremely densely packed to allow great interconnectivity. Its function is not fully understood, but we can get some indication of its purpose from studies of animals that have had it removed. A dog, for example, can still move in a coordinated manner, will eat and sleep, and even bark if it is disturbed. However, it also becomes blind and loses its sense of smell — more significantly, perhaps, it loses all interest in its environment, not responding to people or to its name, nor to other dogs, even of the opposite sex. It also loses all ability to learn. In effect, it loses the characteristics that we generally refer to as indicating intelligence awareness, interest and interaction with an environment, and an ability to adapt and learn. Thus the cerebral cortex seems to be the seat of the higher order functions of the brain, and the core of intelligence. The cerebral cortex has been the subject of investigation by researchers for many years, and is slowly revealing its secrets. It demonstrates a localization of functions, in that different areas of the cortex fulfill different functions, such as motion control, hearing and vision. The visual part of the cortex is especially interesting. In the visual cortex, electrical stimulation of the cells can produce the sensation of light, and detailed analysis has shown that specific layers of neurons are sensitive to particular orientations of input stimuli, so that one layer responds maximally to horizontal lines, while another responds to vertical ones. Although much of this structure is genetically predetermined, the orientation-specific layout of the cells appears to be learnt at an early stage. Animals bought up in an environment of purely horizontal lines do not develop neuron structures that respond to vertical orientations, showing that these structures are developed due to environmental input and not purely from genetic predetermination. This is called self-organization of the visual cortex since there is external teacher to guide the development of these structures.1. The organization of brain is characterized by（）.2. According to the passage, a dog can still move in a coordinated manner, will eat and sleep, and even bark when（）is (are) removed.3. The word “seat” in line 12 of the first paragraph means（）.4. The visual part of the cortex is especially interesting because（）.5. Which of the following headings is the best title for this passage?

A scientific panel convened by the World Health Organization recommended guidelines on Friday for doctor conducting clinical studies of SARS patients. The panel urged doctors to apply the guidelines in analyzing the masses of potentially useful information about various therapies that were collected in this year’s epidemic. Much of that information has not been published or analyzed.“It is a matter of urgency to get better analysis and review,” said Dr. Simon Mardel, a WHO official who led the two-day meeting that ended on Friday. He said thousands of potential therapies and compounds had been tested so far as researchers try to determine treatments for SARS, or severe acute respiratory syndrome. “We recognize that having no treatment for SARS is hindering our ability to control an epidemic in so many ways,” He said.In the epidemic earlier this year, various treatments, like drugs to fight the virus or strengthen the immune system, as well as traditional Chinese medicine, were delivered under emergency conditions, in widely different setting and countries to patients suffering from varying stages of the illness. Those conditions — generally without standardized measurements or controlled situations — have made it hard to interpret results.Standard supportive therapy like nursing, and in severe cases the use of mechanical respirators （呼吸器）to help patients breathe, is the mainstay（主要支持）of SARS care, and helped many patients survive. But doctors still do not know how best to treat SARS patients who have breathing difficulties. Dr. Mardel said. One method is invasive ventilation. A second method involves blowing oxygen into the lungs through a mask. Both carry the risk of transmitting the virus to hospital employees. Without proper analysis, the panel was unable to say definitively which treatment worked best, or which caused the most harm. “There is a lack of shared information,” Dr. Mardel said, nothing that a lot of data have not been published.The panel also agreed on guidelines that would allow doctors to conduct quick and safe clinical trials, a process that generally takes years to complete. The world Health Organization, a United Nations agency did not release the guidelines. Dr. Mardel said they were flexible because no one knew where, when and in what setting SARS would return. Experts in many countries have already listed the treatments they want to test, and the health agency is leaving these decisions to individual nations.1. Guidelines recommended by the scientific panel can be used for（）.2. According to the passage, it is difficult to interpret the results of certain treatments for SARS because（）.3. According to doctors, the two methods to treat SARS patients who have breathing difficulties both（）.4. According to a WHO official, Dr. Mardel, the guidelines were flexible because（）.5. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A beautiful autumn day like this（）for the wet summer we have had.

The manager gave one of the sales girls an accusing look for her（） attitude toward customers.

Too much（）to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.

No matter how angry he was, he would never（）to violence.

William never works rapidly, he always（）in everything that he does.

The plane was fatally crippled when the rear cargo door was（）in flight.

For people with hearing difficulties, telephones with volume controls provide the best（） .

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