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He spoke so（）that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.

She is extremely（）, always ready to agree with other people’s wishes.

On January 1st, many people make a New Year（）.

The girl began to cry and tears slowly（）down her face.

In this country it is against the（）not to wear seat belts in a car.

我家后屋有一棵高大的白杨树，上面曾经有一个大大的鸟巢。在无数个从外地归来的日子里，远远地看见我家后面树上的鸟巢，心中立即就升腾起亲切温暖的感觉。我也曾经指点着那个鸟巢给我没过门的妻子说：“看见了吗？那下面就是我们的家。”后来鸟巢渐渐少了。村里没有了树木，也就没有了鸟巢。村西北角二里路的地方有一个鸟巢，成为我们村土地上唯一的一个鸟巢。其实，鸟巢实在是鸟儿们给人类的一种恩赐 (a special reward)，是鸟儿们赏赐给人类保护自然、保护环境的勋章，是鸟儿们戴在人类头上的光荣的桂冠 (a laureate)。鸟儿越多，你的功劳越大，光荣也越多。没有鸟巢的村庄不能算村庄，要算也只能算是耻辱 (shame)的村庄。所幸的是在我们村庄周围，鸟巢又一个接一个地建起来了。

Before every New Year or major celebration, there would be a general cleaning. The room could usually be kept tidy for a couple of months, but often it was a matter of only a few days before the room was a mess again, and that was mainly due to those books, piles of books, everywhere. Whenever I was out on business, I couldn’t help going to bookstores, and once I was there, I could never resist the temptation of buying more. New books, books that I had a thought of reading, books of which I only finished half, books needed for my writing, and books that had values to keep took up most of the space in my room, and they were ever expanding, eating up all the time the remaining part of my room that provided the minimum space for me as the dweller there. Isn’t this an invasion? But I accepted invasion of such kind with comfort and pleasure.

Emotions are defined as strong, relatively uncontrolled feelings that affect our behavior. Everyone experiences a wide range of emotions. Think for a moment about a recent emotional experience. What characterized this experience? All emotional experiences tend to have several elements in common.Emotions are generally triggered by environmental events. Anger, joy and sadness are most frequently a response to a set of external events. However, internal processes, such as imagery, can also initiate emotional reactions.All emotions, as subjectively experienced and identified, appear to be associated with physiological changes.The emotions labeled as “joy”, “fear” and “anger” occur in conjunction with very similar physiological patterns. Current thinking leans towards accepting the primacy (首要性) of physiological changes, which are then interpreted based on environmental occurrences. For example, a sudden falling sensation will initiate physiological changes. These changes would be interpreted on the basis of the situation in which they occur, exhilaration or excitement of bungee jumping; fear of falling from a ledge (岩脊).Another characteristic feature of an emotional experience is cognitive thought. Emotions generally, although not necessarily, are accompanied by thinking. The types of thoughts and our ability to think “rationally” vary with the type and degree of emotion. Extreme emotional responses are frequently used as an explanation for inappropriate thoughts or actions: “I was so mad I couldn’t think straight.”Emotions also have associated behaviors. While the behaviors vary between individuals and within individuals across different times and situations, there are unique behaviors characteristically associated with different emotions: fear triggers fleeing responses, anger triggers striking out, grief triggers crying, and so on.Finally, and most importantly, emotions involve subjective feelings. In fact, it is the feeling component (成分)that is generally referred to when emotions are mentioned. Grief, joy, anger, jealousy and fear feel very different from one another. These subjectively determined feelings are the essence of emotion.While all individuals generally evaluate emotions in a consistent manner and within individuals over time, there are some individual and situational variations. For example, few people generally want to be sad or afraid, yet we all occasionally enjoy a movie or a book that scares or saddens us—or even some of the frightening ride sat theme parks(主题乐园)!If asked, we could doubtless name numerous emotions. A group of 20 or so people can generally name or describe several hundred emotions. Therefore, it is not surprising that researchers have attempted to categorize or type emotions into more manageable clusters. Plutchik lists eight basic emotional categories: fear; anger; joy; sadness; acceptance; disgust; expectancy; surprise.According to Plutchik, all other emotions are secondary emotions and represent combinations of these basic categories. For example, delight is a combination of surprise and joy, and contempt is composed of disgust and anger.61. What are the elements that produce human emotions?62. The two examples given in the third paragraph shows that（）.63. Which of the following statements about emotions is NOT TRUE?64. The passage indicates that individual emotions（）.65. Why do the researchers try to classify emotions?

The planet’s wild creatures face a new threat—from yuppies(雅皮士), empty nesters and one parent families. Biologists studying the pressure on the planet’s dwindling biodiversity today report on a new reason for alarm. Although the rate of growth in the human population is decreasing, the number of individual households is exploding.Even where populations have actually dwindled in some regions of New Zealand, for instance—the numbers of individual households has increased, because of divorce,career choice,smaller families and longer lifespan.Jianguo Liu of Michigan State University and colleagues from Stanford University in California report in Nature, in a paper published online in advance, that a greater number of individual households, each containing on average fewer people, meant more pressure on natural resources.Towns and cities began to sprawl (蔓延) as new homes were built. Each household needed fuel to heat and light it; each household required its own plumbing, cooking and refrigeration. “In larger households, the efficiency of resource consumption will be a lot higher, because more people share things.” Dr Liu said. He and his colleagues looked at the population patterns of life in 141 countries, including 76 “hotspot” regions unusually rich in a variety of local wildlife. These hot spots included Australia, New Zealand, the US, Brazil, China, India, Kenya, and Italy. They found that between 1985 and 2000 in the “hotspot” parts of the globe, the annual 3.1% growth rate in the number of households was far higher than the population growth rate of 1.8%.“Had the average household size remained at the 1985 level,” the scientists report, “there would have been 155 million fewer households in hotspot countries in 2000”.Dr Liu’s work grew from the alarming discovery that the giant pandas living in China’s Wolong reserve are more at risk now than they were when the reserve was first established. The local population had grown, but the total number of homes had increased more swiftly, to make greater inroads into the bamboo forests.Only around 1.75 million species on the planet have been named and described. Biologists estimate that there could be 7million, or even 17million, as yet to be identified. But human numbers have grown more than six-fold in the past 200 years, and humans and their livestock are now the greatest single consumer group on the planet. The world population will continue to soar, perhaps leveling off around 9 billion in the next century. Environmental campaigners have claimed that between a quarter and a half of all the species on earth could become extinct in the next century.56. Biologists report that the biodiversity is decreasing because（）.57. Researchers state that（）.58. The example in paragraph 8 indicated that（）.59. Some environmentalists warn that the soaring population will cause（）.60. The passage mainly tells us that（）.

For about three centuries we have been doing science, trying science out, using science for the construction of what we call modern civilization. Every dispensable item of contemporary technology, from canal locks to dial telephones to penicillin, was pieced together from the analysis of data provided by one or another series of scientific experiments. Three hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human interaction, long enough to settle back for critical appraisal of the scientific method, maybe even long enough to vote on whether to go on with it or not. There is an argument.Voices have been raised in protest since the beginning, rising in pitch and violence in the nineteenth century during the early stages of the industrial revolution, summoning urgent crowds into the streets any day on the issue of nuclear energy. The principal discoveries in this century, all in all, are the glimpses of the depth of our ignorance about nature. Things that used to seem clear and rational, matters of absolute certainty—Newtonian mechanics, for example—have slipped through our fingers, and we are left with a new set of gigantic puzzles, cosmic uncertainties, ambiguities; some of the laws of physics are amended every few years, some are canceled outright, some undergo revised versions of legislative intent as if they were acts of Congress.Just thirty years ago we call it a biological revolution when the fantastic geometry of the DNA molecule was exposed to public view and the linear language of genetics was decoded. For a while, things seemed simple and clear, the cell was a neat little machine, a mechanical device ready for taking to pieces and reassembling, like a tiny watch. But just in the last few years it has become almost unbelievably complex, filled with strange parts whose functions are beyond today’s imagining.It is not just that there is more to do; there is everything to do. What lies ahead, or what can lie ahead if the efforts in basic research are continued, is much more than the conquest of human disease or the improvement of agricultural technology or the cultivation of nutrients in the sea. As we learn more about fundamental processes of living things in general we will learn more about ourselves.51. What CAN’T be inferred from the lst paragraph?52. Man’s attitude toward scientific discoveries has always been（）.53. Scientists have discovered in the past few years that（）.54. What was hailed as a biological revolution thirty years ago?55. The writer’s main purpose in writing this passage is to say that（）.

Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time. If corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like what other people say. In the same way, when children learn to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught-to work, run, climb, whistle, or ride a bicycle. They compare those performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes.But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his own mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not. If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers.Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find a way to get the right answer. Let’s end this nonsense of grades, exams and marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must some day lean, that is, how to measure their own understanding and how to know what they know or do not know. Let them get on with this job in the way that seems most sensible to them, with our help as school teachers if they ask for it.The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one’s life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, “But suppose they fail to learn something essential, something they will need to get in the world?” Don’t worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and learn it.46. What does the author think is the best way for children to learn things?47. According to the passage, a teacher’s duty is to（）.48. The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle（）.49. The extreme view of the author is that children’s progress should only be assessed by（）.50. The author thinks that if children are always corrected, they will grow up to be（）.

“Welcome to the USA! Major credit cards are accepted!” By the millions they are coming no longer the tired,the poor, the wretched masses longing for a better living. These are the wealthy. “We don’t have a budget,” says a biologist from Brazil, as she walks with two companions through New York City’s South Street. “We just use our credit cards.”The US has long been one of the world’s most popular tourist destinations, but this year has been exceptional. First, there was the World Cup, which drew thousands from every comer of the globe; then came the weakening of the US dollar against major currencies. Now the US, still the world’s superpower, can also claim to be the world’s bargain basement (廉价商品部). Nobody undersells America these days on just about everything, from consumer electronics to fashion clothes to tennis rackets. Bottom retail prices anywhere from 30% to 70% lower than those in Europe and Asia have attracted some 47 million visitors, who are expected to leave behind $79 billion in 1994. That’s up from $74 billion the year before.True, not everyone comes just for bargains. There remains an undeniable fascination in the rest of the world with all things American, nourished by Hollywood films and US television series. But shopping in the USA is proving irresistible. Every week thousands arrive with empty suitcases ready to be filled; some even rent an additional hotel room to hold their purchases. The buying binge (无节制) has become as important as watching Old Faithful Fountains erupt in Yellowstone Park or sunbathing on a beach in Florida.The US has come at last to appreciate what other countries learned long ago: the pouring in of foreign tourists may not always be convenient, but it does put money in the bank. And with a trade deficit at about $130 billion and growing for the past 12 months, the US needs all the deposits it can get. Compared with American tourists abroad, visitors to the US stay longer and spend more money at each stop; an average of 12.2 night and $1624 a traveler versus the Americans’ four nights and $298.41. From what the Brazilian biologist says, we know that tourists like her（）.42. The reason why 1994 was exceptional is that（）.43. By saying “nobody undersells America”, the author means that（）.44. Why does the author assert that all things American are fascinating to foreigners?45. From the passage we can conclude that the US has come to realize（）.

Full face transplants are no longer science fiction fantasy, a leading surgeon has said, adding that they are technically（21）but ethically complex. Peter Butler from London’s Royal Free Hospital（22）a debate on the ethics of such an（23）made possible by new drugs which stop the body’s immune system（24）a transplanted face. “It is not ‘can we do it?’ but ‘should we do it’?”, he told BBC. “The（25）part is not complex, and I don’t think that’s going to be the very great（26）. The ethical and moral debate is（27）going to have to take place （28）the first facial transplantation.” The British Association of Plastic Surgeons will discuss the micro-surgical（29）, which should give new skin, bone, nose, chin, lips and ears from deceased donors to patients disfigured by accidents, bums or cancer. But surgeons could have trouble finding enough（30）donors. Butler said his（31）of doctors, nurses and members of the public showed most would（32）a face transplant but few were willing to（33）their own after dying. Despite a number of ethical（34）, Christine Piff, who founded the charity Let’s Face It after suffering a （35）facial cancer 25 years ago, welcomed the（36）of face transplants. She rejected the idea that the procedure would mean people would end up（37）with a dead person’s face. “There are so many people without faces, I have half a face ... but we are all so much more than just a face ... you don’t（38）their responsibility. You are still you,” she told reporters. “If we can donate other（39）of the body then why not the face. I can’t see anything（40）with it.”

Government health organizations have fostered an awareness of the dangers in certain social habits.

In accordance with the new regulations, you are entitled to three days of paid sick leave every month.

Foreign currency can be converted at this bank.

The young performers captured and held the audience’s attention from the moment the curtain went up.

Both a person’s heredity and his environment help to shape his character.

The company recommended that a new petrol station be built in the valley.

It is hard for the young people to imagine what severe conditions their parents once lived under.

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