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You can arrive in London earlier for the meeting（）you don’t mind taking the night train.

TOPIC Is Future Job Security the Primary Aim of College Education?在当今，很多学生上大学学习是为获得他们今后就业的技能和知识。持有这种认识的主要原因？大学的主要任务是什么？学校该怎么做？

1. 科学研究的方法不过是人类思维活动的必要表达方式，也就是对一切现象进行思索并给以精确而严肃解释的表达方式。（3）2. 按照Sveiby的观点来看，既然知识是个无形的关键资产，将知识从一个员工传递给另一个员工，或者从外部资源传递给员工的能力就是企业的一个重要能力。（4）3. 就像因事故而堵在晚间高峰路上发怒的司机一样，如果网页打开很慢或者不能很快进入网页时，上网的人就会坐立不安。（4）4. 正是这个信息系统影响着人们医疗保健的范围和质量，它使社会服务更加公正，它提高了个人的舒适度，为安全和自由行动采取更多的措施。（4）

Modern science, particularly physics, is being forced, under pressure of its own advances, to acknowledge that the truths it offers are true not in an absolute but in a poetic sense, that its laws are contingent, that its facts are a kind of metaphor. Of course, art and science are fundamentally different in their methods, and in their ends. The doing of science involves a level of rigor unattainable to art. A scientific hypothesis can be proven — or, perhaps more importantly, disproven — but a poem, a picture, or a piece of music, cannot. Yet in their origins art and science are remarkably similar.

There are faults which age releases us from, and there are virtues which turn to vices with the lapse of years. The worst of these is thrift, which in early and middle life is wisdom and duty to practice for a provision against destitution. As time goes on this virtue is apt to turn into the ugliest, cruelest, shabbiest of the vices. Then the victim of it finds himself storing past all probable need of saving for himself or those next him, to the deprivation of the remoter kin of the race. In the earlier time when gain was symbolized by gold or silver, the miser had a sensual joy in the touch of his riches, in hearing the coins clink in their fall through his fingers and in gloating upon their increase sensible to the hand and eye. Then the miser had his place among the great figures of misdoing; he was of a dramatic effect, like a murderer or a robber and something of this bad distinction clung to him even when his coins had changed to paper currency, the clean, white notes of the only English bank, or the greenbacks, of our innumerable banks of issue; but when the sense of riches had been transmuted to the balance in his favor at his banker’s, or the bonds in his drawer at the safety-deposit vault, all splendor had gone out of his vice. His bad eminence was gone, but he clung to the lust of gain which had ranked him with the picturesque wrong-doers, and which only ruin from without could save him from, unless he gave his remnant of strength to saving himself from it. Most aging men are sensible of all this, but few have the frankness of that aging man who once said that he who died rich died disgraced, and died the other day in the comparative poverty of fifty millions.1. This short passage is mainly to tell that（）.2.According to the passage, one is thought vicious when he（）.3.The italicized expression “gloating upon” probably means（）.4.The words “in the comparative poverty of fifty millions” at the end of the passage suggests a notion that（）.

Can the Internet help patients jump the line at the doctor’s office? The Silicon Valley Employers Forum, a sophisticated group of technology companies, is launching a pilot program to test online “virtual visits” between doctors at three big local medical groups and about 6,000 employees and their families. The six employers taking part in the Silicon Valley initiative, including heavy hitters such as Oracle and Cisco Systems, hope that online visits will mean employees won’t have to skip work to tend to minor ailments or to follow up on chronic conditions. “With our long commutes and traffic, driving 40 miles to your doctor in your hometown can be a big chunk of time,” says Cindy Conway, benefits director at Cadence Design Systems, one of the participating companies.Doctors aren’t clamoring to chat with patients online for free; they spend enough unpaid time on the phone. Only 1 in 5 has ever emailed a patient, and just 9 percent are interested in doing so, according to the research firm Cyber Dialog. “We are not stupid,” says Stirling Somers, executive of the Silicon Valley employers group. “Doctors getting paid in a critical piece is getting this to work.” In the pilot program, physicians will get $20 per online consultation, about what they get for a simple office visit.Doctors also fear they’ll be swamped by rambling e-mails that tell everything but what’s needed to make a diagnosis. So the new program will use technology supplied by Healinx, an Alameda, Calif-based start-up. Healinx’s “Smart Symptom Wizard” questions patents and turns answers into a succinct message. The company has online dialogues for 60 common conditions. The doctor can then diagnose the problem and outline a treatment plan which could include E-mailing a prescription or a face-to-face visit.Can E-mail replace the doctor’s office? Many conditions, such as persistent cough, require a stethoscope to discover what’s wrong — and to avoid a malpractice suit. Even Larry Bonham, head of one of the doctor’s groups in the pilot, believes the virtual doctor’s visits offer a “very narrow” sliver of service between phone calls to an advice nurse and a visit to the clinic.The pilot program, set to end in nine months, also hopes to determine whether online visits will boost worker productivity enough to offset the cost of the service. So far, the internet’s record in the health field has been underwhelming. The experiment is “a huge roll of the dice for Healinx”, notes Michael Barrett, an analyst at Internet consulting firm Forester Research. If the “Web visits” succeed, expect some HMOS (Health Maintenance Organizations) to pay for online visits. If doctors, employers, and patients aren’t satisfied, figure on one more E-health start-up is to stand down.1. The Silicon Valley employers promote the E-health program for the purpose of（）.2.What can be learned about the on-line doctors’ visits?3.According to Paragraph 2, doctors are（）.4.It can be inferred from the passage that the future of online visits will mostly depend on whether（）.

Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions and appearance were determined by technologists, artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers — using nonscientific modes of thought. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology, it has been nonverbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics, but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them.The creative shaping process of a technologist’s mind can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists. For example, in designing a diesel engine, a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness. What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should be the valves played? Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience, by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions, such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on scientific calculations, but the nonscientific component of design remains primary.Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curricula. Nonverbal thinking, a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock in trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail “hard thinking”, nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive process and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isometric (等距) views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering, the only college students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools.If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem solving, are not provided, we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems. For example, early models of high speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snow into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations, they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.1. According to the author, what is the use of nonscientific thinking?2.It can be inferred that the engineering curricula（）.3.By saying “paradoxical” in the third paragraph, the author points out that（）.4.Which of the following is probably in accordance with the author’s idea?

Modern liberal opinion is sensitive to problems of restriction of freedom and abuse of power. Indeed, many hold that a man can be injured only by violating his will, but this view is much too narrow. It fails to recognize the great dangers we shall face in the uses of biomedical technology that stem from an excess of freedom, from the unrestrained exercise of will. In my view, our greatest problems will be voluntary self-degradation, or willing dehumanization, as the unintended yet often inescapable consequence of sternly and successfully pursuing our humanization goals.Certain desires and perfected medical technologies have already had some dehumanizing consequences. Improved methods of resuscitation (复苏) efforts to save the severely ill and injured. Yet these efforts are sometimes only partly successful. They succeed in rescuing individuals but those individuals may have severe brain damage and be capable of only a less-than-human, vegetating existence. Such patients found with increasing frequency in the intensive care units of university hospitals, have been denied a death with dignity. Families are forced to suffer seeing their beloved ones so reduced and are made to bear the burden of a prolonged “death watch”.Even the ordinary methods of treating disease and prolonging life have changed the context in which men die. Fewer and fewer people die in the familiar surroundings of home or in the company of family and friends. At that time of life when there is perhaps the greatest need for human warmth and comfort, the dying patient is kept company by cardiac pacemakers and defibrillators, respirators aspirators, oxygenators, catheters and his intravenous drip. Ties to the community of men are replaced by attachments to an assemblage of machines.This loneliness, however, is not confined to the dying patient in the hospital bed. Consider the increasing number of old people still alive thanks to medical progress. As a group, the elderly are the most alienated members of our society. Not yet ready for the world of the dead, not deemed fit for the world of the living, they are shunted aside. More and more of them spend for the extra years medicine has given them in “homes for senior citizens”, in hospitals for chronic diseases, and in nursing home — waiting for the end. We have learned how to increase their years, but we have not learned how to help them enjoy their days. Yet we continue to bravely and sternly push back the frontier against death.1. What is the main point of the passage?2.According to the author, biomedical technology（）.3.Which of the following is not true according to paragraph 2?4.By saying “they are shunted aside” (lines 3, para. 4), the author means（）.

With only about 1000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species. That’s move similar to what a Texas A&M University researcher has been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah’s Ark”.Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A&M’s College of Veterinary Medicine and a pioneer in embryo transfer work and related procedures, says he salutes the Chinese effort and “I wish them all the best success possible. It’s a worthwhile project, certainly not an easy one, and it’s very much like what we’re attempting here at Texas A&M — to save animals from extinction.”Noah’s Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos, semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct. Kraemer says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.It is estimated that as many as 2000 species of mammals, birds and reptiles will become extinct over the next 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years. This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal. The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.“The nuclear transfer of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy. It takes a long time and it’s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Missyplicity Project at Texas A&M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.“They are trying to do something that’s never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noah’s Ark. We’re both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly applaud their effort and there’s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It’s a research that is very much needed.”1. The aim of “Noah’s Ark” project is to（）.2.The word “groundbreaking” (Paragraph 7) can be interpreted（）.3.What could be the major problem in cloning pandas according to Professor Kraemer?4.The best title for the passage may be（）.

The indomitable spirit displayed by athletes embodies the new look of this nation.

This child was so obstinate that he refused to admit to his mistakes.

I have no idea of fashion, so my choice of clothes seems quite arbitrary.

The temperature of the atmosphere becomes colder as elevation increases.

To study the distribution of disease within an area, it is useful to plot the cases on the map.

To my surprise, the young man was resourceful enough to find infinite ways to express his emotions with gestures.

As a member or the society, a person should be responsible for and dedicate to the society.

Assimilating the report in computing requires much time, for I’m not specialized in this field.

In today’s competitive job market, people, especially young men are required to be aggressive and industrious.

In the light of the current situation, I have to review my plans.

The planet Venus, like Earth, spins on its own（）as it orbits the Sun.

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