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We can conclude from the passage that in Britain, _____.

Laura Lenox-Conyngham makes her living by _____.

Which factor has pushed up the house prices?

The new winners in wealth are the older middle-aged and elderly because _____.

The age of gilded youth is over. Today's under-thirties are the first generation for a century who can expect a lower living standard than their parents. Research into the lifestyle and prospects of people born since 1970 shows that they are likely to face a lifetime of longer working hours, lower job security and higher taxes than the previous generation. When they leave work late in the evening they will be more likely to return to a small rented flat than to a house of their own. When, eventually, they retire it will be on pensions far lower in real terms than those of their immediate forebears The findings are revealed in a study of the way the aging of Britain's population is affecting different generations. Anthea Tinker, professor of social gerontology at King's College London, who carried out much of the work, said the growth of the proportion of people over 50 had reversed the traditional flow of wealth from older to younger generations. "Today's older middle-aged and elderly are becoming the new winners," she said. "They made relatively small contributions in tax but now make relatively big claims on the welfare system. Generations born in the last three to four decades face the prospect of handing over more than a third of their lifetime's earnings to care for them." The surging number of older people, many living alone, has also increased demand for property and pushed up house prices. While previous generations found it easy to raise a mortgage, today's under-thirties have to live with their parents or rent. If they can afford to buy a home it is more likely to be a flat than a house. Laura Lenox-Conyngham, 28, grew up in a large house and her mother did not need to work. Unlike her wealthy parents, she graduated with student and postgraduate loan debts of f 13,000. She now earns about ￡20,000 a year, preparing food to be photographed for magazines. Her home is a one-bedroom flat in central London and she sublets the lounge sofa-bed to her brother. “My father took pity and paid of my student debts," she said. “But I still have no pension and no chance of buying a property for at least a couple of years—and then it will be something small in a bad area. My only hope is the traditional one of meeting a rich man." Tinker's research reveals Lenox-Conyngham is representative of many young professionals, especially in London, Manchester, Edinburgh and Bristol. 问题:Anthea Tinker's research reveals that _____.

Which statement is true according to paragraph 6?

The underlined part in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to _____.

We can learn from paragraph 4 that _____.

We can learn from paragraph 3 that _____.

Passage OneThe ups and downs of life may seem to have no predictable plan. But scientists now know there are very definite life patterns that almost all people share. Today, when we live 20 years longer than our great grandparents, and when women mysteriously outlive men by seven years, it is clearer than ever that the “game of life" is really a game of trade-offs. As we age, we trade strength for ingenuity, speed for thoroughness, and passion for reason. These exchanges may not always seem fair, but at every age, there are some advantages. So it is reassuring to note that even if you've passed some of your“prime”, you sill have other prime years to experience in the future. Certain important primes seem to peak later in time. WHEN ARE YOU HBALTHIEST? For men, from 15 to 25; for women 15 to 30. “A man is in his best shape in the decade before age 25," says New York internist Dr. Donald Tomkins.“His muscles are firmest, his resistance to colds and infections is highest, and his body is most efficient in utilizing nutrients." Women, for reasons scientists do not understand, get a five-year bonus. Peak health begins to decline when the body process called anabolism (cell growth) is overtaken by the opposite process, catabolism (cell death).“Cells have been dying since birth," says Tomkins, “but in our late 20's, they start dying faster than they are replaced. " Also, muscle is replaced with fat. Women also get an additional bonus of good health later in life. The figures of National Institute of Health show that the onset of such“old age”diseases as arthritis, rheumatism, and heart ailments denies the generally greater fitness of women: Life expectancy for men is now 68.3; for women 75.9. U.S. aging authority Willim Kannel says, “Older women with low blood pressure are practically important." However, psychologists believe that by entering the competitive job market in increasing numbers, women may eventually give up their statistical advantage. WHEN ARE Y0U MOST CREATIVE? Generally between 30 to 39, but the peak [varies with] different professions. Mozart wrote a symphony and four sonatas by age eight, and Mendelssohn composed his best- known work, A Midsummer Night s Dream, at 17. Psychologist H. C. Lehman presents the years for peak work in many fields. Though the peak in most fields comes early- -most Nobel Prize winners did their top research in their late 20's and 30's- -creative people continue to produce quality work throughout their lives. Questions 1-5 are based on Passage One.The first sentence in paragraph 1 means that _____.

It's early August and the countryside appears peaceful. Planting has long been finished and the fields are alive with strong, healthy crops. Soybeans and wheat are flourishing under the hot summer sun, and the com is now well over six feet tall. (1. Herds of dairy and beef cattle are grazing peacefully in rolling pastures which surround big. red barns and neat. white farmhouses. Everything as far as the eye can see radiates a sense of prosperity.)The tranquility of the above scene is misleading. Farmers in the Midwest put in some of the longest workdays of any profession in the United States. In addition to caring for their crops and livestock, they have to keep up with new farming techniques, such as those for combining soil erosion and increasing livestock production.It is essential that farmers adopt these advances in technology if they want to continue to meet the growing demands of a hungry world.(2.Agriculture is the number one industry in the United States and agricultural products are the country's leading export.Com and soybean exports alone account for approximately 75 percent of the amount sold in world markets.)This productivity,however,has its price.Intensive cultivation exposes the earth to the damaging forces of nature.Every year wind and water remove tons of rich soil from the nation's croplands,with the result that soil erosion has become a national problem concerning everyone from the farmer to the consumer.Each field is covered by a limited amount of topsoil,the upper layer of earth which is richest in the nutrient and minerals necessary for growing crops.In the 1830s,nearly two feet of rich,black top soil covered the Midwest.Today the average depth is only eight inches,and every decade another inch is blown or washed away. (3.A United States Agricultural Department survey states that if erosion continues at its present rate,corn and soybean yields in the Midwest may drop as much as 30 percent over the next 50 years.)So far, farmers have been able to compensate for the loss of fertile topsoil by applying more chemical fertilizers to their fields;however,while this practice has increased crop yields, it has been devastating for ecology. (4.Agriculture has become one of the biggest polluters of the nation's precious water supply. River, lakes,and underground reserves of water are being filled in and poisoned by soil and chemicals carried by drainage from eroding fields. )Furthermore, fertilizers only replenish the soil; they do not prevent its loss.Clearly something else has to be done in order to avoid an eventual ecological disaster.Conservationists insist that the solution to the problem lies in new and better farming techniques. (5.Concerned farmers are building terraces on hilly fields,rotating their crops,and using new plowing methods to cut soil losses significantly.Substantial progress has been made.but soil erosion is far from being under control.)The problems and innovations of the agricultural industry in the Midwest are not restricted to growing crops.Livestock raising,which is a big business in the central region of the United States, is also undergoing many changes.

Paragraph TenLack of interest can also lead to absent mindedness. A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago may not remember to drop a litter in the mailbox. Women are slightly better than men in this respect, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment.The influence of interest on m_____.

Paragraph NineParents in low. income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody else's family and bear children. Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school.Girls are n____ in poor countries.

Paragraph EightA control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone, a micro-processor and memory, and a GPS satellite positioning receiver. If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the control center to block the vehicle's engine management system and prevent the engine from being restarted.A t___ device to protect the car.

Paragraph SevenMost scientists start an investigation by finding out what other scientists have learned about a particular problem. After known facts have been gathered, the scientist comes to the part of the investigation that requires considerable imagination. Possible solutions to the problem are formulated. These possible solutions are called hypotheses. Any hypothesis is a leap into the unknown.The process of doing scientific r___.

Paragraph SixA report concluded that normal children aged between 9 and 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 60 years ago. The report cited two main reasons: increasing physical isolation brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community—and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.The c____ of a higher level of anxiety today.

Paragraph FiveAs we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their status. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on.A tendency to i____ a person.

Paragraph FourExercise's supporting role in weight reduction is vital. A study at the Boston University Medical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise into their daily routine. maintained their new weight.Exercise to k____ fit

Paragraph ThreeThe meanings of time differ in different parts of the world. Thus,misunderstandings arise between people from cultures that treat time differently. Time is valued highly in American life. If people do not show up on time when they have an appointment, they may be regarded as impolite or not responsible.Being p_____, a virtue in American culture.

Paragraph TwoInside your nose, there are hundreds of tiny hairs. These hairs filter the air you breathe. Sometimes dust and pollen find their way through these hairs and bother your nasal passages. The nerves in the lining of your nose tell your brain that something is invading your body. At this moment you usually sneeze.An automatic r____ of our body.

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