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Churchill was already planning the future. His aims, as he had said, were not only to defend Britain but also to set Europe free. While the German army waited to cross the Channel, he sent Britain's only armoured division round the south of Africa to the Suez Canal.(1) Its duty was to prepare the way for those armies which one day attacked Hitler's empire from the south. The next year Hitler attacked Russia, and Japan attacked America; this gave Churchill two strong allies to help him finish the struggle.(2)When the war was over、Britain had to turn her attention to problems inside the Empire.Many of the peoples who had helped to win the war，now demanded their independence. Britain accepted their right to make this demand.(3) She was already planning to turn the Empire into a commonwealth of free and equal members.The word commonwealth explains itself, for its members are united for their common profit.Religious problems caused India's division into two new independent states,India and Pakistan,in 1947.The next year Ceylon also became independent.(4) Other countries needed an urgent development program me to improve education, commercial production and public service before they were ready to stand on their own feet.With the British tax-payer's help, this programme was carried out. Some of these countries would be stronger now if it had been carried out less hurriedly, but Britain was pressed by world opinion to hand over her responsibilities without delay. (5) One by one, the former colonies became independentmembers of the British Commonwealth, and took their seats among the United Nations.(From The World at War)

What does "to allow language to wander off into obscure realms" mean?

What does ready acceptance of vogue words mean to different people?

The following is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct forms of the words in the box (there are more words than necessary). Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point each)The display in the window was attractive, but Miriam (1) where the new business was going to come from. Cannon Falls wasn't a one-stop-light town, but it wasn't a great metropolis either. There just weren't that many people to warrant an extravagant new business (2) such as this. The bank manager，Al Gropin, had even invested in some full-page advertisements in the (3) paper and had hired some clowns to perform on the street in front of the bank—all to try to (4)new customers.But Miriam didn't linger long in front of the window, and she didn't waste much (5) on her thoughts of Al's grand schemes. Her mission today was the same as it had been every weekday for the (6) .several weeks.She nodded at passers-by, shopkeepers, and neighbors as she walked purposefully along the wide (7)_toward The Computer Shack. There was a (8)_expressionon her face as she smiled and said her “hellos”and “good afternoons” and"how are yous" to the people she saw almost every day of her life.Her daily meeting with Officer Quanbeck (9) failed to amuse her. She smiled to herself as they (10) greetings and wondered whether he would feel as stupid as he looked after she pulled off the crime of the century.

1. (emotion) Volunteers need greater counselling skills and better support than ever before.2.(efficient) What is so impressive about their society is the of the public services.3. (hospitable) The local people showed me great while I was there.4. (decide)He should give way to a younger, more leader.5. (assist) Our staff can give with any problems that may arise.6. (comfort)Before you say or do the thing you are frightened to do, you have to sit with the of its unpleasant effect.7. (capable)There are so many traffic jams,because the city's road system is. of handling the current volume of traffic.8. (hope)A doctor is there to treat and to cure,not to dismiss anyone as a case.9. (character)Historians used to the period as the decade of revolution.10. (account)l am a retired , having spent the early years of my career in an insurance industry.

The day arrived. The people were standing in every corner of the arena. All was readywhen the moment came. (31) The crowd gasped. He was handsome. Half the audience did not know that someone so attractive had lived among them; no wonder the princess loved him! How terrible for him to be there!The princess had thought about this trial day and night for a long time. She knew she couldn't bear to miss the spectacle, (32) She had such power, influence, and force of character (as well as plenty of gold) that she did what no one had ever done before; she found out the secret of the doors for that day. She knew in which room stood the hungry tiger and in which waited the lady. She knew, too, that the doors were so thick that there was noway anyone could ever hear some hint from behind them. (33) , she would have to do it by signal.She also knew something which made the whole process more complicated. She knew that the lady was one of the most beautiful maidens in the whole country, and the thought of her young man living with this woman enraged her. (34) .When the accused bowed to the royal box, as was the custom, he looked only at the princess, and immediately he knew.He had expected her to find out the secret of the doors,(35) . It was only left for her to tell him.His quick glance at her asked, "which?”(36) . There was no time to lose; the quick question had to be answered just quickly so that the king would not suspect.Her right hand was resting on a pillow in front of her. She raised it slightly and made as mall, fast movement to the right. (37) . Every eye in the arena was fixed on him.He turned, and with a firm and rapid step he walked across the empty space. Every heart stopped beating, (38) , every eye was upon him. Without hesitation, he went to the door on the right and opened it.Did the tiger come out of that door, or did the lady?The more we think about this question, (39) . It involves a study of the human heart which leads to mazes of passion, love,hate, and excitement. Do not answer this for yourself, (40) .(From The Lady or the Tiger)

Magda King began her climbing career in Spain in the 1960s. Back then，Spanish climbers were conquering one summit after another in the Andes and Himalayas.One problem, though: they were all men."No Spanish woman had ever summited an eight-thousand-meter peak," she said.“I began asking myself, 'If a man can do it, why not a woman? In fact, why not me?”Setting conquering an eight-thousand-meter peak as her life's goal，Magda began climbing higher and higher mountains. In 1987,Magda assembled a team to climb Mt. Yalung Kang (8,505m) in Eastern Nepal, and she might very well have succeeded had the weather cooperated.We were caught for six days at 20,000 feet in the worst storm in a century," she said.“There was so much snow that we had to come out of our tents every two hours to dig ourselves out. We survived on tea and soup.”Two years later, she tried again. This time, the goal was Mt. Cho Oyu (8,201m) on the Nepal-China border. Magda and another female climber, Monica Verge, literally raced up that mountain.The full impact of what they'd done did not strike them until they were safely back in Barcelona.“Being the first women to conquer an eight-thousand-meter peak,we'd essentially rewritten the history of Spanish mountaineering,"Magda said.Even so, she was not prepared for the hero's welcome that awaited them when they returned."We became instant celebrities,"she said.“The president of Spain called to congratulate us. Total strangers would come up to us on the streets to shake our hands. We were even the answer to a question on a quiz show on Spanish TV.”Magda went on to conquer seven of the 14 highest peaks in the world.But by 1995, she was beginning to rethink her priorities."I'd always looked for ways to fulfill my own dreams," she said."Now I wanted to gain meaning and purpose by helping others. It was really a big shift for me.”She flew to Nepal to look for a project that might benefit the families of the Sherpas(夏尔巴人) who'd accompanied her on her Himalayan expeditions. What they needed most, she decided, was an education for their kids.Now Magda and her husband established a foundation dedicated to building schools in Nepal.So far, they've built seven schools."“Both the kids and their parents have received an education, and the standard of living has improved,”Magda said. "We've learned that if you partner with people, miracles can and do happen."1. Why did Magda King's team fail to conquer Mt. Yalung Kang?2. When did Magda King conquer Mt.Cho Oyu?3. What happened to Magda and Monica after they conquered Mt. Cho Oyu?4. According to Magda, a big shift for her was from mountaineering to.5. What did the families of the Sherpas in Nepal need most according to Magda?

The appeal of self-driving cars seems obvious: just relax and enjoy the ride. But how will life change when entire communities embrace them? A new town in Essex is the first in Britain to be built for the revolution. Chelmsford Garden Village,which will grow to about 10,000 homes, is future proofing itself for a world in which driverless cars are the norm.In the early phases, there will be parking spaces near the houses.However,these will gradually be converted to new uses, such as public gardens, and residents will instead be able to summon driverless vehicles from a car park in the suburbs of town. When they are finished,the cars will return themselves.Jeremy Potter, city planning manager at Chelmsford city council, said:"If you've only got a certain amount of space, you want to maximize (最大化) it for things that are really useful. A car is only useful for a person when they're using it. The rest of the time, it's just taking up space, on the road or drive, which could be reimagined for trees, play space."The planned garden village is near a large park and ride site. "This allows the residential environment to be free of cars,"Potter said. The first phase of the development,with 4,350 homes，will have a railway station and rapid bus service,and is being designed as a“15-minute neighbourhood"with amenities(便利设施) in easy walking and cycling distance to cut short car journeys. Building of the next 5,500 homes will begin in the mid-2020s.Moves are under way to reduce car dependence across the country because of fears that planners are forcing developers to pave over garden space for parking.Research by Create Streets，a social enterprise，found some councils require three parking spaces for a four-bedroom house near a railway station. Others insist on at least two spaces for a property with three or fewer bedrooms.Nicholas Smith，chairman of the government's Building Better，Building Beautiful commission, said: "We are forcing people in new developments to take car parking places they increasingly won't want or need. It's ridiculous. It should be for homeowners to decide what is needed, not for artificial parking levels to be imposed.“Parking places should be removed in the future world of car clubs and easy green transport. It will rarely be necessary for new homes to have permanent parking places in town or city centres, and not more than one or two in suburbs or countryside.”1. What can be learned about Chelmsford Garden Village from Paragraph 1?2. Where will parking places be built in the early stages of the new town's construction?3. What transport means will be less seen in the future residential area?4. What did the research by Create Streets show?5.How does Nicholas Smith feel about parking spaces in city centres?

With three minutes left in a game between the Los Angeles Lakers and the Boston Celtics, LeBron James hits a 3-pointer, causing the announcer to note "the score is 89-85, a4-point differential.” Cars have differentials, but do basketball scores have differentials? Why not instead use the simple word“difference?”What attracts this announcer to the word“differential?"”The same thing,I suppose,that attracts television news reporters and newspaper journalists to the word "replicate," when copy will do nicely. The same people are also likely to reach for"recalibrate,”when what they have in mind is usually nothing more than“reconsider.”Why are people,especially many who make their livings through the use of language,attracted by these and so many other hollow words? Those who use these imprecise word smust feel a happy sense of possessing a rich vocabulary. Lacing their own speech and writing with these new words makes them feel not only well-informed but educated.The words also happen to be examples of what H.W.Fowler, author of “A Dictionary of Modern English Usage,"called"novelty-hunting(猎奇),”or "the casting about for words of which one can feel not that they give one's meaning more intelligently or exactly than those the man in the street would have used in expressing the same thing, but that they are not the ones that would have occurred to him.”Fowler thought the use of such words a “useful outward sign of inner dullness.”His advice was to avoid such people，but，he added,“unluckily they hunt in packs."Words have their vogues (流行性).Fowler again:"“Every now & then a word emerges from obscurity (含糊), or even from nothingness or a merely potential & not actual existence,into sudden popularity... Ready acceptance of vogue words seems to some people the sign of an alert mind; to others it stands for the herd instinct & lack of individuality."The close observation of language, pressing words for exact meanings, has always bee nimportant, but has become even more so since the rise in significance of the news media in politics. In the corruption of language, the media, to do a bit of novelty-hunting, make for an everyday superspreader event.Language changes and change is the first rule of language. But there's good and bad change, and to allow language to wander off into obscure realms is to sacrifice accuracy of communication and give up hope of discovering the truth about politics or indeed about human affairs generally.1. What phenomenon does the author call attention to in the first two paragraphs?2.Why do many people like to use hollow words?3. What did Fowler say about those who go in for "novelty-hunting"?4.Who favors vogue words according to Fowler?5.What does the author call for by writing this passage?

we often hear about work life balance--having a good balance between work and personal time. While this may sound like a smart idea,it can also imply we should dedicate at least half of our time to work and sacrifice time for our "personal life".To me, that seems off balance.Because, the truth is, it's nearly impossible to split your time equally between the two.And, you may end up stressing out if you're not able to meet that expectation of balance.Why not think of having work life harmony instead?With this mindset, you can actually integrate work into your life in a way that feels more complete. This way, you don't need to view work and having personal time as separate. The difference between work life balance and work life harmony is pretty simple. With the former,there's an implication that you have to sacrifice your “life”for work. But, this is the worst way to go about things! How can you truly be at peace in life if you dread eight hours of your day? Work life harmony, on the other hand, allows your work to be a part of your life. This means you can choose to be happy both at home and at work.Just take Jeff Bezos,CEO of Amazon for example. He uses a non-traditional approach to work by making time for breakfast every morning with his family, doesn't set his alarm before going to bed, schedules surprisingly few meetings, and still puts aside a few minutes every day to wash his own dishes. He believes that all his staff should stop trying to achieve a“balance" in their work and personal lives.Now,when we think of striking a balance,we usually associate it with time, don't we?How much time are we spending at work versus how much time are we spending in our personal lives? This is the so-called balance that many struggle with. With work life harmony,we learn to rethink time management. Managing your time is important in achieving that work life harmony. But, perhaps of greater importance, is loving what you do in life.One of the most effective ways to achieve a work life harmony is to really enjoy, or find a purpose, in what you do for a living.1. What does the author think of work life balance?2. What can people do to achieve a work life harmony?3. What does work life balance imply according to the author?4. What can we learn from the example of Jeff Bezos?5. Which is one of the most effective ways to achieve a work life harmony?

Next time you are struggling to fall asleep, try counting penguins instead of sheep. Doing so could help us see how the birds are being affected by threats like climate change.Tom Hart at the University of Oxford and his colleagues are constantly capturing photographs of penguins through a network of about 140 remote cameras planted across Antarctica (南极洲).There are far more images than the researchers can process on their own,so Hart and his team set up a project called Penguin Watch.Through the project's website, you can join more than 1 million citizen scientists who have participated so far and help the team by flicking through photographs online and clicking wherever you spot a penguin. You will be asked to mark adult penguins, chicks and eggs in the images, by clicking on the center of each one.l found it surprisingly addictive. You can also keep an eye out for other seabirds that might appear and mark these for researchers to identify later. In addition to providing clues about how these animals are behaving and interacting with their changing environment, your work will also help the team to train artificial intelligence, which is increasingly allowing the group to process picture assessing auto matically."We now process about half of it,” says Hart.The team still relies heavily on volunteers,though, especially to help spot unusual things,such as new species, he says.Hart and his colleagues also regularly visit Antarctica and other penguin breeding sites inthe southern hemisphere to take images with flying drones (无人机) and to collect penguin faeces (粪便), which they then analyse in the laboratory to gain further insights.Early results from the project are revealing some of the challenges that various penguin populations are facing as their environment changes. Nest flooding, for example,may reduce survival of eggs and chicks. In a recent study, Hart and his team found that heavy snow events overlapped with declines in numbers of gentoo penguin chicks.Melting ice in Antarctica also poses a threat.“On the Antarctic peninsula，Adélie penguins and chinstrap penguins are doing very badly,"says Hart. Populations of ice-loving penguins like Adélies and chinstraps are likely to continue to decline, he says, whereas gentoo penguins,which tend to prefer an environment with less sea ice and more exposed rock, mayfare better.Penguin Watch and other research efforts should help to give a clearer picture of how individual colonies are responding to climate change, as well as to other pressures.1. What do we know about Penguin Watch?2. How did the author feel about participating in Penguin Watch?3. Hart's team regularly visits penguin breeding sites to ( )"4. Which of the following may cause a reduction in the number of gentoo chicks?5. What is the main purpose of the passage?

The debate about the origin of Stonehenge's(英格兰巨石阵)grandest lumps of rock had been raging for at least four centuries. Now,thanks to the recovery of a chunk of the monument that had been lost for decades,archaeologists have finally been able to reveal where they came from.The research shows that the giant sarsen(砂岩) stones were gathered, some 4,500 year sago,from the West Woods, a site covering square miles on the edge of Marlborough Downs in Wiltshire. It is about 15 miles north of Stonehenge and it seems likely that its nearness made it attractive.Susan Greaney,a historian for English Heritage,said:“We can now say that when sourcing the sarsens，the dominant objective was size—-they wanted the biggest，most substantial stones they could find and it made sense to get them from as nearby as possible.”The breakthrough was made possible by the discovery of a metre-long core of rock that was drilled from a stone during a restoration in 1958.The project had involved three sarsens that had fallen more than 150 years earlier being dragged upright and made stable.Robert Phillips worked for a company asked to drill through one of the stones so that it could be pinned into place with a metal bracket. He was allowed to take the core home. It hung on his wall, in a tube, for 60 years, accompanying him to Florida when he moved there.When Mr Phillips recently passed away his family offered to return the core. This gave researchers the chance to analyse material from the interior of a monument closely guarded as a World Heritage Site.There are thought to have been about 80 sarsens at Stonehenge originally and 52 remain.They include the 15 stones of Stonehenge's central horseshoe, the uprights and beams of the outer circle, as well as outlying stones. While the smaller blue stones had been traced to specific locations in the Preseli Hills in Wales, the source of the larger sarsens had been impossible to accurately identify until now.Ms Greaney said: "To be able to locate the area that Stonehenge's builders used to source their materials around 2,500 BC is a real excitement. Now we can start to understand the route they might have travelled.”1. What can be learned about the debate in Paragraph 1?2. What was the most important consideration in sourcing the sarsens?3. What happened to Stonehenge in 1958 according to the passage?4. What do we know about Robert Phillips?5. What can we learn from Susan Greaney's remarks in the last paragraph?

（1） In America there are still customs by which a man may show respect for a woman. He opens the door for her and lets her precede him through it. （2） He walks on the side of the walk nearest the street. He takes her arm when crossing a street or descending a stairway.（3） A younger person also shows respect for an older one in much the same fashion, by helping the older person in things requiring physical exertion or involving possible accident. （4） American surface informality often confuses the foreigner because he interprets it to. mean no formality at all. He does not understand the point at which informality stops.A teacher,though friendly, pleasant, and informal in class, expects students to study hard,and he grades each student's work critically and carefully. He also expects to be treated with respect.Although students are free to ask questions about statements made by the teacher,and may say that they disagree with what he says, they are not expected to contradict him. （5） Similarly, in boy-girl relationships a foreign student should not mistake the easy relationship and flattery that are part of the dating pattem in the United States, nor presume that it means more thanit does.（From American Social Relations）

What does the author suggest doing concerning working age?

What changes have taken place in the US with regard to its labour force?

early capture friendly at development naturaleagerly play upbringing if excitement becauseWhere one stage of child development has been left out, or not sufficiently experienced,the child may have to go back and（1）____the experience of it.A good home makes this possible — for example by providing the opportunity for the child to（2）_with a clockwork car or toy railway train up to any age if he still needs to do so. This principle, in fact, underlies all psychological treatment of children in difficulties with their（3）_____,and is the basis of work in child clinics.The beginnings of discipline are in the nursery. Even the youngest baby is taught by gradual stages to wait for food, to sleep and to wakc（4） regular intervals and so on. If the child feels the world around him is a warm and （5）one,he slowly accepts its rhythm and accustoms himself to conforming to its demands. Learning to wait for things, particularly for food, is a very important element in （6）_,and is achieved successfully only if too great demands are not made before the child can understand them.Every parent watches（7）_the child's acquisition of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his（8）leaming rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of anxiety in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too （9）_, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, （10）_____ a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural zest for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.（From Bringing Up Children）

1.（origin） The game is thought to have among the native peoples of Alaska.2.（expend） Government _on scientific research has risen in the last few years.3.（retail） Furniture and carpetare among those reporting the sharpest annual decline in sales.4.（value） Parents gave the schoolsupport in its case for getting its facilities improved.5.（utter） He isdependent on the corporation for both his economic and emotional security.6.（art） Elizabeth's got it all so nice — you remember howshe always was with colors.7.（deliver） Mrs. Smith got a _of fresh vegetables yesterday morning.8.（safe） The refugees were groping their way through the dark, trying to reach_.9.（resent） At first, the project manager wasof anybody's attempts to interfere in his work.10.（exist） The latest images confirm the___of water on the planet's surface.

Unlike most of the other non-foolish holidays, the history of April Fool's Day, sometimes called All Fool's Day, is not totally clear. There really wasn't a “First April Fool's Day”（1）_. Some believe it sort of evolved simultaneously in several cultures at the samc time, from celebrations involving the first day of spring.The closest point in time that can be identified as the beginning of this tradition was in 1582, in France. Prior to that year,（2） , beginning on March 25. The celcbration culminated on April 1. With the reform of the calendar under Charles IX, the Gregorian calendar was introduced,（3） .However,communications being what they were in the days when news traveled by foot, （4） Others, the more obstinate crowd, refused to accept the new calendar and continued to celebrate the new year on April 1. These backward folk were labeled as “fools" by the general populace. They were subject to some ridicule. （5） .This harassment evolved, over time,（6）. The tradition eventually spread to England and Scotland in the eighteenth century. It was later introduced to the American colonies of both the English and French.（7）_.so to speak, with different nationalities specializing in their own brand of humor at the expense of their friends and families.In Scotland, for example,（8）_The second day is devoted to pranks involving the posterior region of the body. It is called Taily Day. The origin of the“kick me”sign can be traced to this observance.Mexico's counterpart of April Fool's day（9）Originally, the day was a sad remembrance of the slaughter of the innocent children by King Herod. It eventually evolved into a lighter commemoration involving pranks and trickery.Pranks performed on April Fool's Day range from the simple, （such as saying,“Your shoe's untied!”）, to the elaborate. Setting a roommate's alarm clock back an hour is a common gag. Whatever the prank, the trickster usually ends it（10）__.（From April Fool's Day）

A rare species of coffee has been found to have a similar flavour to the varieties chosen by coffee growers for their high quality. But it is alsomore tolerant of the higher temperatures and more varied rainfall that are becoming increasingly typical of coffec-growing regions.Many types of coffee beans favoured for their taste only grow in a narrow range of conditions, meaning they might not survive if temperatures increase. In fact, around 60% of wild coffee species are facing extinction.Coffea stenophylla may offer a solution. Farmers stopped cultivating it in the 1920s, believing it couldn't compete in the market at the time, and it was thought to have gone extinct in some countries where it once grew, including Guinea and Sierra Leone. But two small, wild populations were rediscovered in Sierra Leone in 2018.Historical records showed that the species had an excellent flavour, but Aaron Davis atthe Royal Botanic Gardens in London and his team wanted to test this properly. Theresearchers created samples of coffec brewed with C. stenophylla beans and served themn to five professional judging panels alongside samples of high-quality arabica coffee（Coffea arabica） and robusta （Cofea canephora）, which is commonly used for instant coffee.The judges said coffee made from C. stenophylla had a complex flavour with sweetness and a good body, similar to the taste of arabica. Some 81% of judges thought C. stenophylla coffee was actually arabica. They also gave it a score of 80.25 on the Speciality Coffee Association's 100-point coffee review scale, meaning it is considered a speciality coffee.“I was really blown away by the taste,” says Davis. “It's rare to find something that tastes as good as high-quality arabica, so this is really exciting." C. stenophylla has chemicals in common with arabica, which makes them taste similar. The team's models, based on what is already known about C. stenophylla, suggest it could tolerate an average annual temperature of around 25°C, which the researchers say is roughly 6°C higher than arabica. It is also more resistant to varying rainfall, suggesting that C. stenophylla can be cultivated in conditions in which arabica can't.Davis thinks C. stenophylla has the potential to be commercialized. “It also presents opportunities to breed with other species, like arabica,” he says,making them morc climate resilient and securing high-quality, high-value coffees for the future. “It's totally a new favorite coffee.”1. What do we know about most wild coffee species?2. What happened to C. stenophylla in the 1920s?3. What did most of the judges believe?4. What is the finding of Davis' research?5. How does Davis feel about the future of C. stenophylla?

The United States has had its most devastating wildfire season on record, with more than eight million acres of land burned across the country this year. Regenerating the forests that sat on much of that land would ordinarily take years and involve hundreds of people manually replanting young trees grown in dedicated nurseries.Seattle-based DroneSeed has a much faster and more effective solution. The company uses fleets of drones （无人机） to reforest areas that have burned down， dropping what it calls “seed vessels" into areas where they have the best chance of growing back.The eight-foot drones, up to five at a time flying together on pre-programmed routes, can cover up to 50 acres a day and each carry as much as 57 pounds of seed vessels. “We are six times faster than a tree planter out there with a shovel who's doing about two acres a day,”DroneSeed CEO Grant Canary said.Replanting forests from the air is not a new approach, with planes or helicopters often used to scatter seeds. Experts say that method is cheaper and easier than traditional hand planting but may not be as effective. “Just throwing forest tree seeds out of airplanes can be successful, and it's a lot cheaper than manual planting," said Ralph Schmidt, a geology professor.“Growing seedlings （幼苗） in nurseries and manually planting them will always have a much higher success rate than aerial sowing, but it is much more expensive.”Selecting the right species of seed and the right place to drop them is key, Schmidt added.DroneSeed is trying to find a middle ground with its unique seed vessels. The specially designed packets consist of a combination of fertilizers， nutrients and pest deterrents（杀虫剂） that help the seeds take root more effectively-without having to be physically buried in the ground. “The vessel absorbs moisture so that it can avoid drying out. It's also pest-proof so that the seed can avoid getting eaten,” Canary said.Drones aren't the only technology the company uses to make replanting more effective. It also deploys Lidar, the sensing technology used by self-driving cars to map the world around them, to create a 3D model of the land. That's coupled with sensors that measure different wavelengths of light to tell the difference between areas of gravel and places where healthy soil may be better suited for trees to grow.1.According to Paragraph 1, the US needs to.2.Canary's remark in Paragraph 3 reveals his pride in the drones' .3. In what aspect is manual planting superior to aerial sowing?4. What do we know about the seed vessels?5. What does the last paragraph deal with?

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