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Banning Mobile Phones at SchoolIt is a question that keeps some parents awake at night. Should children be allowed to take mobile phones to school? (1)  For parents who want their children to do well at school, it is no.Banning mobile phones at school is effective. According to a UK study, after schools banned mobile phones, the test scores of students improved by 6.4%. The findings will influence the debate about children and mobile phones. In the UK, more than 90% of teenagers own a mobile phone; in the US, 75% have one. The popular mobile phone is a problem in the eye of teachers.(2)In a 2001 survey, no school banned mobiles. By 2007, this had risen to 50%. By 2012, 98% of schools had taken action. Some did not allow phones. The others required them to be handed in at the beginning of the day.(3)New York City has lifted a 10-year ban on phones at school. It says that lifting the ban will promote equality. “This view is wrong,”the researchers of the UK study write. “We found that the ban led to improvements in test scores among students. Low achieving students gained the most.(4)Allowing phones into schools will harm the lowest-achieving students the most.”The UK study was carried out at Birmingham, London, Leicester and Manchester schools before and after bans were introduced. "Technology is commonly viewed as increasing efficiency," the researchers write.“Modern technology is used in the classroom to improve student performance.(5)Some students will pay no attention to their class."

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I Use Every Second Before I Go to Work➊ I wake up at 6 a.m. everyday. The first thing I do when I wake up is grab my smartphone and take it to the bathroom with me, where I start my day by consuming quite a lot of information. I go to some websites, but the main site that I focus on during this time is Nuzzel, a collector of headlines and links. I recommend everyone look into it if they feel they don't have time to properly focus on every website individually.❷ After visiting those sites, I head to Twitter, my No.1 outlet for communication with the public. Twitter is becoming a listening platform. There is such a volume of information on the platform that you need pay attention to. So I spend a great amount of my morning responding to people and starting conversations.❸ After all this comes my workout (锻炼) with my trainer. I usually work out for about 45 minutes. The specific workout routine varies depending on the day of the week, what I ate, and how much I've been traveling.❹ After the workout, I head back home to get my children ready for school. I say bye to them and give them each a kiss before they leave. Then, I'm off to my office, often before 9 a.m.❺ In the car to my office, I call my mom, dad or sister. I talk to them just to learn what they're up to. I really value those small moments. By the time I step into my office, so much is going through my head. My day starts the minute I open my eyes.Task 11. Paragraph ➊:2. Paragraph ❷:3. Paragraph ❸:4. Paragraph ❹:5. Paragraph ❺:Task 26. Nuzzel helps me___.7. On Twitter I am able___.8. There are several factors that___.9. Before my kids go to school, I___.10. I call my parents___.

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Public Wi-Fi Users Neglect SafetyA recent survey shows that 25% of Internet users have done online banking through public Wi-Fi in the last three months. It also shows that 27% have bought a product or service with a credit card this way.Experts worry that hackers (黑客) will take advantage of these practices. Doug Shadel said that hackers usually attack in two ways. They may create Wi-Fi hotspots that have the same name of the ones you trust, such as a hotel or a coffee shop. They may also provide a stronger Wi-Fi signal to get between you and the safe hotspot. In either case, the hackers can see your email, credit card information, user names and passwords.Sometimes hackers just set up their electronic traps near a business where people enjoy the free Wi-Fi. “In most cases they are after your personal information, Shadel said.“If you use the same user name and password for many accounts, they can get into them all. It's possible for any hacker to do it. The software to hack into a Wi-Fi network is available at little or no cost."“It's difficult for people to know if a Wi-Fi network is safe," Shadel said. “So you should just think they are not. Any shared Internet access, free or paid, carries the same level of risk. It is safe only when you or someone you trust directly controls it."Shadel sometimes checks email through public Wi-Fi. But he never does any banking that way. In an unfamiliar place, he uses a Virtual Private Network (VPN).“This service creates a passage between your device and a safe place on the Internet," he said.1. A recent survey finds that 25% of Internet users use public Wi-Fi to___ .2. The phrase“take advantage of” (Para. 2) can best be replaced by “___ ”.3. According to Shadel, any hacker can___.4. For the sake of safety, Internet users are advised to___.5. Shadel uses public Wi-Fi to___.

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Why Dogs Bury Their Favorite BonesYou may find it crazy that your dog buries his favorite bone or chew toy, only to dig it up a day or two later, but there is actually a reason behind it -it is simply in their nature. For thousands of years, dogs have buried their bones. The practice itself started long before dogs were even pets when they had to bury bones to survive.When dogs lived in the wild, sometimes food was scarce. If they were able to find food, dogs became very protective of it. Sometimes they would have more bones than they could eat for one meal. To keep other dogs and animals from stealing their bones, dogs would bury them in the ground. When it was time for the next meal, they would dig up their bones and enjoy them again. This would continue until the bones were gone.Even though most dogs have plenty of food to eat today, their instincts still tell them to bury their bones and favorite toys. They do this to keep other dogs and animals from stealing them, just like their ancestors did. Some dogs keep at least two bones buried at once. When they want to dig up one, they will bury one more. This may leave a backyard full of holes and bones.How do dogs decide where to bury their bones? A dog cannot bury a bone just anywhere. He must first find the perfect spot. This involves using his nose to find a spot that is free from other dogs and animals. Often it is near a tree or a large rock, but it could be anywhere in the yard. Once the dog finds the perfect spot, he uses his front paws to dig a hole, drops the bone in and covers up the hole to protect his treasure.1. Dogs bury their favorite bones or chew toys by nature.2. Dogs started to bury their bones when they became pets.3. Dogs in the wild occasionally had enough food.4. Dogs would bury their extra food for their babies.5. Animals would start a fierce fight over food in ancient times.6. Some dogs tend to store up more than one bone at the same time.7. The backyard of a dog owner may be full of holes dug by his dog.8. Dogs often bury their bones far away from trees.9. Dogs use their paws to find spots for burying bones.10. Dogs bury more bones than chew toys.

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Insomnia(失眠) I just could not fall asleep the other night. I just didn't feel sleepy. I can't explain why, but it was really annoying.I got very bored lying in bed, so I decided to read a book. 1 ___ But even when I finished reading. I still didn't feel tired. So I listened to some peaceful music. That didn't work, either. I have heard people say if you have a warm drink before bedtime it will help you drift off to sleep. So went downstairs and made myself a cup of tea. 2 ___ Still,I couldn't sleep. I was getting very frustrated by this point!It felt strange to be awake while everyone else was asleep. 3 ___ In fact, it was a little bit frightening. When you go to sleep, it feels like one day ends and another begins. But if you stay up late, you realize that day and night are just a gentle transition(转变),a cycle which has no end and no beginning. At 4 a.m. I noticed a faint light coming through my curtains.The sun had started to rise!Normally, I'm a very heavy sleeper, 4 ___ So on this occasion I considered myself lucky to see a beautiful sunrise. As the sun came up in the east, the birds started to sing their morning songs. I knew I needed to get some rest, but it seemed the harder I tried to force myself asleep, the more difficult it was.Eventually, I just let my mind go free. 5 ___ I listened to the birdsong...and the next thing I knew it was 11 a.m.! I was happy that I had managed to get some sleep! I have never struggled with sleeping before, so this was my first experience of insomnia. Fortunately, I have been sleeping well since then.

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Health Benefits of Honey with MilkHoney and milk get along well. Since ancient times this mix is known for its amazing health benefits.① Take a glass of honey with milk before you set out for your day in the morning, and you are guaranteed enough energy to get through the morning rush. Milk provides you the proteins required while honey helps you get the energy by breaking down these proteins. No wonder this drink is meant for all ages alike.② Milk is known for providing calcium(钙), which, in right levels, helps in preventing bone diseases as we age. Research has indicated that honey does a good job of carrying nutrients(营养成分) in the food through the blood to various parts of the body. In particular, honey helps in the absorption of calcium, the vital part of milk.③ If you ask doctors or your grandmother for a solution to your sleeplessness, you are bound to get the same answer-a glass of warm milk with honey. It is best known to induce sleep.So take it regularly if you have sleeping problems.④ Milk and honey not only help in preventing aging by keeping the skin glowing, but also improve your body as whole as they contain antioxidants(抗氧化物). These help keep the body young and flexible. For a very long time, this has been an open secret in keeping your body look and feel young.⑤ Both milk and honey are known to ward off harmful bacteria in our body, but their combined strength is more effective in achieving this effect. Cough and cold can be prevented by taking this drink regularly. It also aids in digestion and treating bowel disorders. Task I1. Paragraph①:2. Paragraph②:3. Paragraph③:4. Paragraph④:5. Paragraph⑤:Task 26. Milk is rich ___.7. Milk and honey help ___.8. Honey helps the absorption ___.9. Your body may bend or move easily if you ___.10. Drinking honey milk regularly can prevent ___.

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Organic FarmingDuring thousands of years of human civilization, the raising of animals and growing of plants have always been organic. Chemicals for farming first came up at the tum of the 20th century. Widespread use of chemicals began after World War. In the 1950s and 60s farmers started using chemical fertilizers and pesticides (杀虫剂). Recently, however, more and more farmers have been returning to organic farming.In organic farming, farm products are produced in more natural ways. Crops, meat and other food are produced without chemicals. Chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and growth hormones (激素) are forbidden. Farmers enrich the soil with natural fertilizers. They pull out weeds by hand. Hay and straw are put between the rows of plants to stop weeding. They rely on the natural enemies of pests to control pests. Animals are fed organically and can eat grass outdoors. Cows, for example, are kept in pastures (草场) and fields. Vegetables and fruit are also produced with organic methods.Organic farming enjoys many advantages. For example crop rotation can preserve the good qualities of soils. The growing of different crops can keep soils healthy and fertile. Organic farming is healthier for farm workers, and there are fewer remains of chemicals in food. In the long term, organic farms save energy and protect the environment. It can slow down global warming and reduce the pollution of ground water.Meanwhile, there are some disadvantages Organic food is more expensive. Organic products may cost up to 40% more. Production costs are higher as farmers need more workers,and the land output is much less. Marketing and distribution is not efficient because organic food is produced in smaller amounts. Crop illness may happen very often. Besides, organic farming cannot produce enough food for the world's population to survive. This could lead to starvation in countries that can produce enough food today.1. Organic farming ___.2. In organic farming ___.3. The phrase”crop rotation”(Para.3) probably means ___.4. One advantage of organic farming is that it is ___.5. The problem of organic farming is ___.

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 Lacking in Self-Esteem-(自尊)? Good for You According to psychological and educational theories, self-esteem is essential for a successful life. Generations of children, especially minority kids, have been educated according to the theory that they lack self-esteem, and that this deficiency is central to any problems they may have in making their way in the world. Well, guess what? A new research has found that self-esteem can be just as high among grade D students and drunk drivers as it is among Nobel Prize winners and former presidents. In fact, people with high self-esteem can engage in far more anti-social behavior than those with low self-esteem.“We used to believe that high self-esteem-would cause all sorts of positive consequences and that if we raised self-esteem, people would do better in life,“a researcher said.”Mostly, the data have failed to support that.Racists, street thugs(恶棍) and school bullies(恶霸) all have high scores on the self-esteem-tests. And you can see why.If you think you're highly gifted, you're particularly offended if other people don't treat you that way. So you hit out or commit crimes to defend your pride. After all, who are they to suggest that you could be doing something wrong? What do they know?Self-esteem can also be an educational concern. College teachers are constantly complaining about the high self-esteem of their students. When every grade in the school is assessed so as to make the kid feel good rather than to give an accurate measure of his work,the kid can develop self-esteem dangerously unrelated to the truth. When he's told he is getting a C grade in college, he can then get deeply offended or extremely angry. Weak professors give in to the pressure-hence, grade inflation, which results in their students'vague touch with reality.1. It is believed that minority kids often have self-esteem problems2. A new research shows that high self-esteem is essential to success3. Parents are responsible for their children's self-esteem.4. Anti-social behavior is related to low self-esteem.5. Racists have low self-esteem.6. People with high self-esteem are hurt more easily.7. College students are faced with high economic pressure8. College teachers are often annoyed with students'high self-esteem.9. High grades help students know the truth of themselves.10. Some college students may find a C grade offending.

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Helping Children Cope with Stress❶ To adults, childhood can seem to be happy and free from worries. But children still experience stress. Things like school and their social life can sometimes create pressures that are too difficult for them to deal with. While they may not talk about their troubles, they do want their parents to reach out and help them.❷ Children deal with stress in both healthy and unhealthy ways. As a parent, you can't protect your children from stress, but you can help them develop healthy ways to cope with stress and solve everyday problems. By doing so, you not only help your children handle their current stresses, but also prepare them to deal with future stresses. Here are a few tips for you.❸ When you notice that something is upsetting your child, you need to tell your child about it. If you can, name the feeling you think your child is experiencing. This shouldn't sound like blame. It's just a casual observation, and you're interested in hearing more about your child's concern. Be sympathetic and show that you care and want to understand.❹ Also ask your child to tell you what's wrong. Listen attentively and calmly-with interest, patience, openness, and caring. Don't hurry to make judgements. Do not blame or criticize your child for what he or she has done. The idea is to listen to your child's concerns and feelings. Try to get the whole story by patiently asking questions. Take your time. And let your child take his or her time, too.❺ Remember to be patient. As a parent, it hurts to see your child unhappy or stressed. But you should not try to solve every problem for your child. Instead, try to help your child grow into a good problem-solver-a child who knows how to deal with life's ups and downs, express feelings in words, calm down when needed, and never give in to difficulties.Task l1. Paragraph ❶:2. Paragraph ❷:3. Paragraph ❸:4. Paragraph ❹:5. Paragraph ❺:Task26. Children can meet pressures_____ .7. Parents can help their children cope with stress_____ .8. Talk to your child when he/she is_____ .9. Don't blame your child for_____ .10. Parents should teach their children_____ .

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Self-esteem(自尊)and Body ImageSelf-esteem is all about what people think of themselves. It is important because feeling good about yourself can affect how you act. People who have high self-esteem will make friends easily. They are more in control of their behavior, and will enjoy life more.Some teenagers struggle with their self-esteem when they grow into adults because the body goes through many changes. Along with the changes comes a natural desire to feel accepted. What's more, they can't help but compare themselves with others. They may compare themselves with the people around them or with actors and other famous people they see on TV, in movies, or in magazines.The physical changes can affect how both girls and boys feel about themselves. Some girls may feel uncomfortable about their growing bodies. Others may wish that they were developing faster. Girls may feel like being thin but boys may feel like they don't look big enough.It's not just body development that affects self-esteem. Many other factors can affect a person's body image too. Family life, for example, can sometimes influence self-esteem. Some parents spend more time criticizing their kids and the way they look than praising them. This can reduce kids' ability to develop good self-esteem. Also their classmates and peers may tease them about the way they look. These sometimes can affect their self-esteem.If there are things about yourself that you want to change and you can change, do this by making goals for yourself If there are things that you can't change, recognize that your body is your own. It's no one's business but your own what your body is like. Actually, to be happy with yourself, all you need to do is to change the way you see your body.1. People with high self-esteem often_____.2. Some teenagers struggle with their self-esteem because_____.3. The word “tease” (Line 5, Para.4) most probably means_____.4. To help kids develop good self-esteem, parents should_____.5. To be happy with yourself you should_____.

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