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“Smiling doesn’t win you gold medals,” the gymnast Simone Biles famously retorted when a judge told her to smile more. While that may be true, few would deny that life without smiles would be diminished in ways we can scarcely imagine. Does the physical act of smiling create joy, or the other way around What happens if you can’t smile, even though you want to These are questions that the distinguished American playwright Sarah Ruhl explores, with a winning combination of wisdom and knowledge. Ruhl lost her smile for more than 10 years due to Bell’s palsy （麻痹）, which meant she could not move the left side of her face at all. The morning after she gave birth to twins （she already had an older daughter, aged three）, she looked in the mirror, astonished to see that half her face had fallen. She couldn’t move the left side at all. That moment marked a profound shift in her life. Bell’s palsy can be brought on by childbirth, although the link is not well understood. While most sufferers recover in weeks or months, Ruhl was one of the unlucky few in whom it endures. At the time, Ruhl was on a professional high; one of her plays had just transferred to Broadway, and was nominated for a Tony award. Soon after the twins were born, Vanity Fair asked her to do a Tony awards photo shoot. When she saw the photo, she couldn’t bear her expression of pain, and resolved not to be photographed again. “I felt inside a paradox: I thought I could not truly re-enter the world again until I could smile; and yet, how could I be happy enough to smile, when I couldn’t re-enter the world” The personal implications were more torturous still. What does it do to her babies, she wonders, to look into an unsmiling face every day Will they know that their mother loves and delights in them She reads that mothers teach children empathy by mirroring their facial expressions. Will her inability to do so mess her children up and on it goes, Ruhl’s ability to feel joy maddeningly limited by her inability to express it. She observes that joy is a profoundly embodied experience, and quotes Thich Nhat Hanh: “Sometimes your joy is the source of your smile, but sometimes your smile can be the source of your joy.” Ruhl makes many interesting observations on the wider significance of smiles, from strangers in the street demanding that women should smile, to the frozen statue of Hermione in The Winter’s Tale. This is a book about far more than smiles: some of the most touching sections look back at Ruhl’s childhood, and the experiences that propelled her into theatre. The tale of a health condition is, more interestingly, the tale of the person who suffers from ill health. Like many people who live with chronic health conditions, Ruhl is forced to become part detective, part medical researcher, as she tracks down the people and therapies that work for her. But Smile is not just a patient’s medical history; it’s the story of a passionate and committed woman trying to forge a life that nourishes her creativity, her children, her health and joy. That’s a journey many of us can relate to—and this book serves as a welcome invitation to worry about it all a little less, and smile a little more. 46、Why does the author quote Simone Biles?（）47、What can be learned about Ruhl and her Bell’s palsy?（）48、What does the word “torturous” tell us about how Ruhl is affected by Bell’s palsy?（）49、What does the author think of Ruhl’s story?（）50、Which category does the passage fall into?（）

Alcohol is generally thought of as a stimulant, because it makes us talkative, aggressive and unrestrained. In truth, however, it depresses the activity of the nervous system and acts as an anesthetic （麻醉药）. People drink for many different reasons. Social pressures are a subtle spur to drinking because, in small doses, alcohol loosens the tongue and, therefore, convinces us that our social interactions are improved. People also drink to give themselves rewards, to fill in empty hours or to relieve tiredness. In small doses and for short periods of time, alcohol relieves tension, encourages a sense of well-being and is unlikely to be harmful. However, some people mistakenly use alcohol in an attempt to relieve major problems. This not only leads to alcohol tolerance so that larger and larger doses are needed to produce the same effect but, unfortunately, also tends to worsen the problems. In large doses, alcohol causes chronic depression, misery and self-doubt. Like any other drug, alcohol has drastic effects on mental and physical health if taken in excess, and can reduce life expectancy dramatically. Disorders of the digestive system, cancer and brain damage are often the result of heavy drinking. These physical effects of alcohol abuse may or may not precede the behaviorally damaging effects. Thus some heavy drinkers have little behavioral upsets such as decline in memory and intellect, depression, breakdown and notions of suicide before the physical damage takes its toll. Unfortunately, the effects of alcohol can destroy other people’s lives, for fearless behavior and impaired judgment cause accidents. This is especially so on the roads. In Australia, for example, it has been estimated that at least 50 per cent of deaths on the roads are associated with alcohol consumption. Overconsumption of alcohol is a growing problem in many countries. Family and social relationships are disrupted by alcohol dependence, since alcohol abuse leads to violence, child neglect and, frequently, the breakup of relationships. Even moderate drinkers find themselves increasingly isolated from others, and friendships are soon replaced by alcohol. At work, performance gradually deteriorates and regular absence increases. Giving up alcohol is similar to giving up other addictive drugs. For a heavily dependent drinker it should not be considered as equal to giving up, say, cigarette smoking. The withdrawal symptoms are unpleasant, including shaking limbs, aching muscles and sweating. This means that, almost certainly, medical help and supervision will be needed. Many hospitals now provide “detoxification” （戒酒） centers for alcoholics. Patients are given medication and vitamins to prevent brain damage and are monitored to chart their condition and progress. In helping a young person with a drink problem, it is far better to get help from outside the family. Within the family, there is always a temptation to keep troubles private, but this can do more harm than good. If your child has a problem, try to arrange a visit to an expert chosen for his suitable personality and ability, not for his position. Select someone who will talk to the child friendly and who will not merely take the unwelcome role of a third parent. People who drink to excess, whether young or old, usually do so for a reason. Unfortunately, parents are often the last people a child or young adult feel they can talk to. Indeed, poor communication with parents may be the problem that is causing the drinking. Whether they are young or old, people will not give up drinking unless they can see that it is worthwhile. Parents are often unable to supply the necessary rewards. Asking for the help of a close family friend who can talk to the child as adult-to adult may also be helpful in this situation.41、What does the writer intend to say in the first three paragraphs?（）42、Which of the following can best describe the phrase “takes its toll” in Para?（）43、What is the purpose of citing the example of road accidents in Australia?（）44、What is important in helping a young person with a drinking problem?（）45、Under what circumstances will young alcoholics give up drinking according to the author（）

Like ties of kinship, ties of friendships are meant to be absolutely binding.（）

boys being what they are, an occasional prod in the rear is no such bad thing.（）

Seven days before the design is due, I’m still deadlocked.（）

“If I don’t hand her the earth someday, on a silver platter,” Henry had declared, “may I be damned from here to eternity”.（）

“If I don’t hand her the earth someday, on a silver platter,” Henry had declared, “may I be damned from here to eternity”.（）

She even felt a kind of distant kinship with the B-29s that flew regularly overhead, bound north for Tokyo and other targets.（）

The scene is the bedroom in the home of a young Hollywood couple, whose careers are still in the promising stage.（）

Flunk one more course, and I’m out.（）

She smiled wordlessly through her tears and squeezed his hand, exchanging wish him in the one brief gesture a lifetime and more of devotion.（）

Rapport to most of us 【Americans】 is less important than performance.（）

We look for the guest who is sure to talk no matter what.（）

During the 1970s my ex-wife Christina and I, together with our two young sons, went on a four-month guided tour through Europe, finishing in Germany to visit her parents. All passengers on the tour were16 to wear a nametag, which was attached to a brass S-shaped logo of the travel company. Our five-year-old son, Martin, called it his “dollar” and was 17 to keep it after the tour. When it wasn’t attached to his 18 , it was pinned to the teddy bear 19 was his constant companion. One afternoon, Martin and his older brother Thomas went fora 20 through the forest with their grandfather who they 21 called Opa. Only after they’d returned home did we 22 Martin had lost his pin. The following day we set out 23 the pin but couldn’t find it A very sad Martin told me a few weeks later how much he 24 his “dollar”. Some 12 years later, 25 before starting university, Martin returned to Germany to visit his now widowed Opa, 26 constant companion was a three-year-old dog named Bello. After seeing Bello sniff one of Martin’s old toys, Opa jokingly suggested they search for the 27 dollar. The previous year, a forest fire has swept 28 the area, but the pathways, brooks and old willows remained29 . Not long after heading out, Bello ran off before suddenly stopping and scratching30 in the loose sand. To their delight, he’d found the brass dollar!

Sugar supply being insufficient, the United States must _____ sugar every year.

In foreign trade, the _____ of goods between nations takes place for many reasons.

Because we now have two incomes, we can afford to eat out more _____ —two or three times a week.

These figures are provided for _____ with the results of previous studies.

I don’t believe you will live happily if you set out to live only _____ yourself.

We are constantly being told that the English have lost their national_____—that there is no such thing as “Englishness”.

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