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Paragraph NineIt is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the bases for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.The f____ of memory.

Paragraph EightSummer is the ideal time for one of the great outdoor activities, hiking. It is : much more than just a great workout. You breathe in the fresh, clean air while the city life you have endured all week just fades away. When hiking in the deserts, you suddenly realize that life is precious and you will think deeply about your life.Hiking is a b __activity.

Paragraph SevenDuring television's first 20 years, deaf people missed most of the fun. They could not hear what was being said and had to guess. Deaf people who watched television liked sports and action shows, but they were disappointed with other programs. If there was a lot of dialogue, even the most skilled lip-readers could only catch part of the talking.Early shows on TV f___ many deaf people.

Paragraph SixThe single largest cause of sick leave in the UK is not the common cold or flu, but back pain. Back pain affects one in tree British adults, and is notoriously difficult to treat. Traditionally, doctors in the UK have advised back pain sufferers to do stretching exercises and take painkillers when necessary.But now a new solution: acupuncture has been officially B____ and its treatments.

Paragraph FiveDo you check your work emails when you' re on holiday? Do you call your colleagues to ask what s happening in the office even on a day of? When you see no signal on your mobile phone in a busy shopping centre or no wifi in the hotel by the beach, will you get anxious?Typical signs of a w___.

Paragraph FourFrom childhood Bill Gates was intelligent and competitive. In school, he had excellent records in mathematics and science. It was a very important decision in Bill's life that his parents sent him to a private school, and it was there that he was introduced to a computer. Bill Gates and his friends formed the“Programmers Croup"in late 1968. In the next yer, they got their fist opportunity in Information Sciences.The g___ of Bill Gates.

Paragraph ThreeBoth Oxford and Cambridge regularly come top in any ranking of the world's best universities. The two universities began within a century of each other. Unlike most modern universities, both Oxford and Cambridge consist of a large number of colleges. Through the centuries, both universities have made huge contributions to British cultural life. They have produced great writers, world leaders and politicians.The g___ of Oxford and Cambridge.

Paragraph TwoAs leaders and professionals, we are called upon to be at our best all of the time. Not only do we need to maintain and improve personal performance, but we as project managers and program managers are frequently responsible for the performance of others. One challenge is how we manage many of our positive and negative feelings that inevitably come our way in the course of our professional endeavors.Leaders and professionals should know how to c____ their personal feelings.

Paragraph OneFood marketing brings together the producer and the consumer. The marketing of even a single food product can be a complicated process involving many producers and companies. These businesses include not only chicken and vegetable processors but also the companies that transport the ingredients and those who print labels and manufacture cans.The c_____ of activities in food marketing.

Not all kids are cut out for college, despite the expectations of their parents or teachers. And especially in the brave new world of the 21st century, not all kids need to go to college right after high school—or ever—to succeed says J Michael Farr, author of America's Top Jobs for People Without a Four-Year Degree. And chances are, you will need training after high school through some form of alternative career education. Only four of the fastest growing occupations in the United Sates require a four-year degree or more, says Unger, author of But What If I Don’t Want to Go to College? But many of the others—home health aides, building maintenance, teaching aides—require post-high-school training. Which vocational education and training you'll need- -and the cost depends upon the vocation you choose. Public community colleges offer some of the best vocational training, often specializing in areas such as the graphic arts, hotel and restaurant management, and building trades, according to Unger. Fulltime tuition averages $1,200 a year, although the range from state-to-state is $600 to $3,500. Vocational training at technical institutes will be costlier. Private junior colleges average $7,000 a year, according to Unger. Tuition for private-for profit trade schools that usually specialize in one field, such as hair-styling or auto mechanics, varies widely, and Unger warns students to be wary of unethical operators. Not just any vocational education or training will do. The trick is to find reputable, high-quality programs and to avoid con artists and dead end programs, advises Unger. Look for programs that are accredited, offer in-depth academic and vocational instruction, teach real skills for real jobs, provide hands-on work experience, help students in job-hunting, and are linked to potential employers. Too often, Unger argues, parents push their reluctant children to go to college. Many drop out.“We are forcing hundreds of thousands of kids to go to college and they clearly do not want to be there," he says. What about high school graduates who don't want college and don't know what to do next? Start by visiting your school guidance office or library to thumb through The Occupational Outlook Handbook published every two years by the U.S. Labor Department. It offers nuts and-bolts descriptions of jobs and the training required. Think about what interests you—sports, music, gardening, whatever—and what jobs let you pursue that interest, advises Unger. Visit people who do these jobs. Ask questions.21. in a special manner (Para.1)22. different from the one you have and can be used instead (Para.2)23. an academic qualification conferred by a college or university (Para.2)24. assistants (Para. 2)25. the particular occupation for which you are trained (Parra. 3)26. devoting to (Para. 3)27. the limits within which things change (Para.3)28. organizations established to promote art, science or education (Para.3)29. an effective way of doing something (Parra. 4)30. honorable (Para. 4)31. officially recognized (Para.4)32. prospective (Para. 4)33. unwilling (Para.5)34. statements about what something is like (Para. 6)35. go in search of (Para. 7)

Nowadays teenagers have become , as a consequence of spending long hours online.

Teens use cyberspace as another medium because _____.

Which of the following statements is true according to paragraph 4?

Teens spend much time on the Internet, because _____.

Passage OneAs the first generations grow up in a wired world, teenagers hardly know a time when computers weren't around, and they leap at the chance to spend hours online, chatting with friends and searching the web for their interested topics. So what? But researchers nationwide are increasingly concerned that teenagers are becoming more isolated, less skillful at interpersonal relationships, and perhaps numb to the small-or-big cheating that is so much a part of the e-mail world. Researchers are asking just how the futures of teenagers are changed when so many of them are spending hours on the Internet each day, replacing face-to-face contact with computer contact. Teens, who used computers even just a few hours a week, showed increased signs of loneliness and social isolation. These teens have fewer friends to hang around with, possibly because their computer time has replaced the hours they would have spent with others. They don't see anything strange in the fact that the computer screen occupies a central place in their social lives. They think school is stressful and busy. There's almost no time to just hang out. Talking online is just catch-up time. Many teens acknowledge there's an unreal quality to their cyberspace . communication, including their odd shorthand terms, such as POS (parent over shoulder) or LOL (laughing out loud). This code is considered as part of the exclusive shared language that teenagers love. When it comes to e-mail exchanges, teens also show a remarkable tolerance for each other’s excuses or tricks. Nor are they surprised when a mere acquaintance unloads a personal secret through e-mail. Nobody seems to expect the online world to be the same as the real world.Teens say they also appreciate the ability to edit what they say online, or take the time to think about a response. As cowardly as it may seem, some teens admit1 that asking someone for a date, or breaking up, can be easier in message form. But they insist there's no harm intended, and cyberspace has become just another medium, like the telephone, in the world of teenagers. Questions 1-5 are based on Passage One. Researchers are worrying about the futures of teenagers, because _____.

The main purpose of this passage is to _____.

The word“elevating" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to_____.

What led to more reports about the trifles about the political candidates?

The author thinks that the character issue _____.

Passage TwoDisillusionment with government and politics has contributed to the public's fascination with the media's increased interest in the character issue. The public's growing concern with character may be considered instinctual. Too often, in recent past, voters have reached out to candidates with neatly packaged virtues- characteristics they often fail to have in reality. There is another reason why the American people have“encouraged”the media to explore the politicians as never before. Political parties have seldom been more interchangeable. Ideological differences have become burred. And the nation's social and economic problems are too complicated to submit to clever political slogans. Consequently, most of the candidates now play it safe on the issues, relying on their rhetorical skills to produce the greatest number of sound bites that say as little as possible. The character issue becomes a way to sell candidates and to set them apart from each other. The issue of the media and character raises a number of important questions. Has the media gone too far in attempting to define what character is and what role it should play in identifying the differences between political candidates? Are the print media and television really responding to the public's growing desire for a greater “need to know”their candidates or are they manufacturing everything, no matter how trivial, in hope of selling more newspapers or achieving higher rating points? Is the media being responsible in defining the role of character in a political campaign? The great amount of coverage and the intensifying competition among the news organizations have led to more reports about the candidates' personal and especially sexual lives, says political science professor Larry Sabato, author of Feeding Frenzy. As the bigger more important issues become increasingly more complicated, the media has begun to focus more and more attention on the trifles. Character no longer becomes a question of how a candidate may handle an international crisis or prioritize a domestic agenda but whether the candidate cheated on a college exam years ago or committed adultery. By [elevating] character as an important element in the presidential election, has the media lost sight of properly defining character and the role it should play in identifying the best candidate? Questions 6-10 are based on Passage Two.The media are giving increasing attention to _____.

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