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Theodore Roosevelt once said, “Keep your eyes on the stars, and your feet on the ground. ” How do you understand this statement? How do you keep a balance between your dreams and your efforts? Write a 300-word expository essay to express your opinion.

Why Humor Is an Essential Life SkillMark Twain said that “Humor is the great thing, the saving thing after all. The minute it crops up, all our hardnesses yield, all our irritations and resentments slip away, and a sunny spirit takes their place. ” He’s certainly not wrong. Humor may very well be the great thing. It touches upon nearly every facet of life-90% of men and 81% of women report that a sense of humor is the most important quality in a partner, a crucial quality for leaders, and even an effective treatment for cancer. There’s no doubt that humor is a life skill that everybody needs. But how do we define humor?There are three main theories on what humor is and where it comes from. Relief theory argues that humor is a way to release nervous energy, blowing off psychological steam. That’s why jokes told at funerals are often met not with the silence that a somber occasion like that would merit but with extremely loud laughter instead. Superiority theory was originally formulated to explain a specific kind of humor: Why we laugh at others’ misfortunes. In this theory, humor is a means of declaring one’s superiority over others. If you’re looking to cultivate a sense of humor to improve your leadership skills, this is not the kind you want to acquire. Incongruity theory（不协调理论）argues that humor arises when two contrasting, distinct ideas are mingled, often reversing expectations. Consider Oscar Wilde’s “Work is the curse of the drinking classes”—it’s funny because it reverses not only a common phrase but also amore conventional way of looking at the world. Then what are the benefits of humor? Being funny is possibly one of the best things you can do for your health. You can almost think of a sense of humor as your mind‘s immune system. People at risk for depression tend to fall into depressing episodes when exposed to some kind of negative stimuli, and afterwards, it becomes easier and easier for them to go back into depression. However viewing a negative event in a humorous light acts as a kind of emotional filter, preventing the negative mood from triggering a depressing episode. Humor doesn’t just guard against depression. It also improves people’s overall quality of life. Researchers have found that people who score high in certain types of humor have greater self-esteem，stronger self-competence, more control over anxiety, and better performance in social interactions. You may wonder whether you are able to create humor. Humor is a trait that is both innate and learnable. There’s no such thing as a completely humorless individual—humor is a fundamental part of human nature. In the past, we believed that only some cultures developed humor, but this belief has changed, as no culture has ever been found to be devoid of laughter and comedy. Humor is also something you can learn. So, if you want to improve your sense of humor, try to look on the funny side of life, and the worst thing that can happen to you is a laugh or two in your life.

Getting Back in Shape—One Step at a TimeThe worst of the epidemic appears to be over, and a summer of increasing freedom lies ahead. But what if our summer clothes no longer fit? The past months of disrupted routines and near-constant stress and anxiety drove many to seek comfort in food, which means many of us have gained weight. Dietitian and author Paula Mee is worried that this will make us easy targets for companies peddling diet and weight-loss products. Thus, she suggests a more mindful approach based on establishing healthier habits: accepting that it was normal to gain weight during lockdown, examining your lifestyle factors that lead to weight gaining, and stocking up your fridge with healthier snacks. The first step is to accept that it was natural and normal to turn to food for solace. ‘Lockdown brought physical and mental challenges,” says Mee. “People had to give up the gym and sports, and many reported not sleeping well. The uncertainty meant people spent more time in the kitchen, nibbling and snacking. Food was something they felt they could enjoy safely, and it offered consolation and distraction for many. ” This could explain why so many gained weight. A systematic review examining the impact of the lockdown on the bodyweight of 59,711 people from 32 countries found that up to 72% had put on weight. ____________________ The third step is to stock up your fridge with healthy snacks. A study surveyed 120,000 healthy men and women over the course of 20 years. “It determined that weight gain was most strongly associated with the intake of crisps, potatoes without skins, sugar-sweetened beverages, and processed and unprocessed red meats,” says Mee. “The foods associated with weight loss were fruits, vegetables, wholegrains, nuts, and yogurts. ” Ultra-processed foods are high in salt, fat, sugar, and calories but low in nutrition. They trigger the brain’s reward pathways and cause cravings for more. So, you’d better have less-processed snacks at hand, like nuts, hard-boiled eggs, or natural yogurts with some chopped fruits. “What I tell my clients is to take steps to accept the situation, look at their lifestyle, while making small changes over time to improve the quality of the food they eat. I don’t claim to have all the answers, but I do know those are habits that make for healthier lives,” says Mee.

“Pride comes before a fall.”This proverb means that if you have too high an opinion ofyourself or your abilities，something will happen to make you look stupid. How do you understand this saying? Write an essay(about 300 words) to express your opinion.

What Are Travel Coaches, and Should You Hire One?When Vera Russo decided to visit Italy this summer, she didn't go online to book a plane ticket or call a travel agent. Instead，like a growing number of Americans，she contacted Francesca Owens, a travel coach, for help. Owens, who lived in Italy for about 15 years, plans ltalian trips for women 50 and over.Travel coaches are gaining in popularity now that interest in travel is again on the rise.There is no reliable data on the number of travel coaches, but anecdotal evidence suggests that it's a growing field.But what is a travel coach, and should you consider hiring one?Most travel coaches are experienced travelers who want to share the knowledge they've gained on the road. They aren't travel agents and typically don't make a booking for you.Instead, they are closer to life coaches,who offer advice and guidance.But instead of trying to improve the quality of your life, a travel coach works on upgrading your vacation byre commending a travel plan that matches your goals.“Travel coaches help people set intentions for their trips," says Sahara De Vore, founder of the Travel Coach Network,which accredits travel coaches. "When you can identify the'why'for your trip, you can better decide where to go.You can also decide when to go, who to go with, how long to go for and what you need to do during your trip. That will help you gain the outcome,transformations and experiences you desire.”A travel coach can help you select the right destination and plan every aspect of your trip.Betsy Ball, co-founder of Euro Travel Coach，says she tries to eliminate the trouble of trip planning, so her clients can focus on what matters: the food, wine, culture, history and people of Europe.Some travel coaches develop areas of expertise that you probably won't find elsewhere.For example, Allie Bahn coaches people who travel with food allergies.Bahn draws on her experiences of growing up with food allergies and living in Italy for three years. Bahn says,“Many people haven't traveled abroad before and are worried about eating safely in other countries.”So how do you find a travel coach? De Vore's site lists people who have completed her travel coaching program. Asking a well-traveled friend for a recommendation or searching online for"travel coach”may be just as effective, although experts say a recommendation alone isn 't enough; you should ensure that your travel coach intimately knows your destination.Other than that,the strategies for hiring a travel coach include asking for references,conducting a detailed interview and watching for red flags, such as exaggerated claims or alack of experience.A good travel coach knows their clients'vacation goals and interests and is able to create a travel plan tailored for the individuals or group. If you think where you go is more important than how you get there, maybe you need a travel coach.

Want to Conquer a Major Goal? Think Big, Act SmallMost high-performing professionals have multiple major work and personal goals.Whether it's landing a big new client or running a marathon, setting and achieving large goals boosts our satisfaction levels and self-esteem and helps us achieve important outcomes that advance our careers and enrich our lives.But starting anything big or new is challenging. Inertia is a powerful force to conquer.Fear of failure stops many people from tackling or even setting a big goal--but it doesn't have to. Whether it's landing that big new client or going the distance, your mountainous goals achievable with the right strategies. When you reach for the stars, or even something more modest, the key to success is to think big but act small. To put it another way, form a mental picture of your goal, and then move step by step towards it.First, you need to imagine your goal.Annabelle Bond, the fastest woman ever to climb the highest peak on every continent, maintained a mental image of majestic Mt. Everest. That vision of the world's highest mountain dominated her thoughts every day. It is reported that people who vividly describe or picture their goals are 20% to 40% more likely to accomplish them, and Annabelle Bond proves the point.You should also anticipate the challenges you might encounter along the way and the ways to mitigate such obstacles. The more detailed your vision of the process of achieving the goal, the more prepared you will be to overcome potential obstacles. With this process of picturing your goal and then moving towards it step by step, there are some additional tactics you can use to increase your chances of successfully realizing your aspirations,such as writing down your goals and keeping them visible，celebrating your achievements along the way, and reflecting on how you get to each milestone and what you can learn and improve from the effort.To propel yourself toward any compelling work or personal goal, think big and act small.Form a challenging goal in your mind and take baby steps to get there. As you go from milestone to milestone,you move the goalpost forward.And with each milestone that you accomplish, your rising confidence, motivation and momentum help ensure that you get to the next milestone.Gradually, that daunting goal becomes reachable, doable and then done.

Some people say we are entering a low desire society. More and more people choose to “lie flat,”rejecting pressures on hard work and striving for nothing better in terms of salary,housing and other achievements. How do you interpret this phenomenon? Write a 300-word expository essay to

How Loneliness Affects Our Health and Well-beingWe've all experienced loneliness from time to time. As humans are an incredibly social species, being alone or left out of a group causes the inevitable feeling that we experience as loneliness. Although feeling lonely is a normal part of being human, it doesn't mean that loneliness—especially prolonged loneliness— — is healthy.Loneliness may do harm to the body. Scientists believe that since humans evolved to live in groups, being alone would make people more vulnerable to threats. Thus, loneliness is associated with paying more attention to threatening information. For example, when presented with photos of threatening and non-threatening faces, the brains of lonely adults process threatening information faster. This suggests feeling lonely puts our bodies on high alert,making us more responsive to threat than we typically are. While this hyper-vigilance can be adaptive when there is really an imminent threat to worry about, it also takes a toll on the body: Attention to threat increases our stress hormones, which in turn increases our blood pressure and affects the functioning of our immune systems.There is also direct evidence that loneliness has an immediate impact on our brain. One study revealed that after periods of being socially isolated, adults showed activation in similar brain regions that are active when we're hungry. Another study looked at adults' brains during an activity after researchers convinced them that they were being excluded from a game with their peers. The parts of the brain that were most active when the adults thought they were being excluded are the same parts of the brain that are active when we feel physical pain. These suggest that loneliness literally hurts.Then, what should we do? The obvious solution is to look for social support wherever we can find it. In a study of children who mostly grew up among a number of risk factors including poverty and family problems, the children who had the best outcomes on a number of measures had support from different people in their lives, including grandparents, youth leaders, and members of voluntary organizations. So having people in our life that support us can obviously help fight feelings of loneliness. We can also reach out to someone and talk about our feelings when we feel lonely, and we might find that we aren't as alone as we might have thought.But what if we don't have enough social support? Research suggests that giving social support might be just as important for relieving stress as taking it. While both giving and receiving social support were related to better psychological outcomes, giving support was related to lower threat activity in the brain during a stressful task. So, helping others may do just as much to cope with the stress of loneliness as getting support from others, if not more.In conclusion, feeling lonely is a normal part of being human, but it could cause serious health consequences. Fortunately, we can fight loneliness by getting or giving social support.

Why Do We Garden?There's no better feeling than getting outside in the sun and soil, whether we're working in large landscapes or in a few containers on a front porch. We're rewarded each day with beautiful trees, shrubs and flowers in our landscapes and abundant fruits and vegetables from our gardens. If you've never gardened before and you're wondering what all the fuss is about,you should stop hesitating about it and give it a try. Gardening is one of the most rewarding hobbies you can take up, with long-lasting positive effects on yourself, your community, and the world at large.Gardening is a great form of exercise for your physical health. General gardening is a low to medium impact form of exercise that requires a certain amount of strength and stretching to perform. This amount of strength and stretching works all of the major muscle groups. One benefit of this workout is that it may decrease the shortage of calcium in the bone later in life. Because of its low impact nature, gardening makes for an excellent activity for those who are older, have disabilities or suffer from chronic pain.The love of gardening and beautiful can be a real boon for local communities.Residents who live in areas with natural landscapes know their neighbors better, spend more time outdoors, and generally live in a safer environment. Beautifying roads can have the dual effect of providing pleasing roadside landscapes while at the same time providing natural ways to make the roads somewhat safer for surrounding communities.A growing phenomenon across the country that backs up gardening and the sense of community is the rising popularity of community gardens. Whether it's someone with an extra plot of land to share with their neighbors or a group of row houses getting together on a vacant lot to share in the harvest of happy gardening, community gardens bring neighbors and families together through hard work and a shared bounty.Besides all of the benefits that gardening provides to ourselves and our local communities,gardening offers an even greater benefit to the world around us. We live in a reciprocal relationship with our plants. Plants can use sunshine to produce food from both the carbon dioxide we breathe out and the water they take in through their roots. In turn, these plants send out oxygen which allows us to breathe and prevent polluted water from reaching into streams and lakes. What's more, the plants we grow help to provide both food and shelter to wildlife,allowing for a diverse natural habitat.

Chat Rooms in the Smartphone EraChat rooms have become an integral aspect of people’s lives in the smartphone era. People share news, thoughts, and feelings through lively phone messages. It is no exaggeration to say that every smartphone user belongs to at least one group chat room. Their chat room buddies are mostly family, friends, or people from work. The majority enjoy the casual chats while some occasionally complain about the constant messages from the workplace. Admittedly, chat rooms strengthen family ties and friendships though work-related chat rooms may bother some who care much about their after-work leisure.To start with, smartphone chat rooms can help narrow emotional distance between family members who live together under the same roof Words like “thank you” and “sorry” that can be heard frequently among colleagues and strangers are less often spoken among family members. Thanks to chat rooms, these emotions can now be shared through a wide selection of expressive emoticons （表情符号）.Specifically, chat rooms can serve as a helpful connection between parents and children, who may otherwise be out of touch with each other most of the time. Listening to their children and being aware of even little things going on in their lives through family chat rooms contribute to better parenting._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Are group chat rooms just as beneficial in the workplace? The answer is no. The chief reason is that employees have to be available 24/7. While a chat room keeps them informed, employees often feel harassed by messages from the boss, especially after work hours. For example, the boss may check an employee’s work, giving more instructions, even long after office hours. If the employee does not reply to the message, it would be the same thing as ignoring the boss. Worse still, employees are not free to simply leave the chat room. They are afraid if they are not part of that online space, they will be left out of real-life interaction with their colleagues. That is why some people view the chat room as prison in the workplace.In a word, while people appreciate the benefits of connecting and communicating with family members, friends and workmates, they may also suffer from the harassments of work messages in their leisure time. Yet, like it or not, chat rooms are here to stay.

Deadline TraumaKelly’s last day at high school was full of nostalgic sentimentalities. “All my friends were posting, ‘I’m going to miss you! Have fun at Queen’s or Western or wherever!” Though her school had reminded her of the university application deadline in January, Kelly hesitated between arts and medicine as she was enthusiastic about both. The deadline came and went, but she applied for neither. Kelly is not alone; many high school graduates delay their applications.Every year around this time, prospective university students slave over applications to their preferred programs and schools. In Ontario, almost 90,000 bombard the Ontario University Applications Centre with a total of 480,000 applications by the end of January. A few keeners submit early, the majority apply in the few days before the deadline, and the rest wait until the last minute.It can be tempting to fall into stereotypes about teens as irresponsible, unfocused and immature, but it’s not so simple. Procrastination （拖延） is never just laziness, even if it sometimes looks that way,” says a guidance counselor who has spent 18 years at high schools. “Most kids are somewhere in the middle, but about 15 percent of kids have a plan and are ready. They don’t even need talking to. About a quarter need to be reminded and pestered and re-pestered.”Hardcore procrastinators usually fall into two camps, the counselor says. Some students just aren’t ready. Those students often take a year or two to explore the work world and decide what they’re really looking for? Others have so many choices that they have a hard time choosing a program. Used to being excellent, they deeply fear missteps. They’re often operating under the myth that if they choose and change their mind, that’s a failure.Kelly was a bit of both. For a well-rounded student with good grades, the options were daunting. She thought the choice would determine her future job prospect and even her life. Scared and overwhelmed, she simply gave up the choice.To help reduce the stress, parents should resist the urge to monitor the application process. As education costs climb higher, parents have a larger stake in their kids’ success, but too much parental involvement gets problematic, warns a senior registrar. We want students to do the soul searching and make decisions themselves.Still, students shouldn’t panic if they miss a deadline. They might just pick up the telephone, like Kelly did in August when she decided she was ready for university and wanted to study at Ryerson. The admissions officers worked some magic and found her a spot. “Despite all the procrastination, says a Ryerson registrar, “it’s never too late to check if ifs really too late.”Most students may find university application stressful or traumatic; therefore, it is normal for students to procrastinate. Behind their procrastination could be laziness or indecision out of a scare for future uncertainty. Since missteps cannot be avoided, it is well-advised for university applicants to break the myth of failure.

Food waste is a common problem today. Many people order more food than they can consume and throw away food that is no longer good to eat. Write a 300-word essay discussing the causes and offering the solutions.

Are you sometimes bothered by peer pressure, the strong feeling that you must follow the footsteps of other people of your age? What are the advantages or disadvantages of peer pressure? Write a 300-word expository essay to get across your idea.

Knowledge About Different Cultures Is Shaking the Foundations of PsychologyPsychology was developed largely in North America and Europe。Some would argue it’s been remarkably successful in understanding what drives human behavior and mental processes, which have long been thought to be universal. But in recent decades, some researchers have started questioning this approach, arguing that many psychological phenomena are shaped by the culture we live in.Consider which two of these objects go together: a panda, a monkey and a banana. Respondents from Western countries routinely select the two animals。This indicates an analytic thinking style, in which objects are largely perceived independently from their context. In contrast, participants from Eastern countries often select the monkey and the banana, because they share a relationship (monkeys eat bananas). This is a holistic thinking style, in which object and context are perceived to be correlated.In a classic demonstration of cultural differences in thinking styles, participants from Japan and the USA were presented with a series of animated scenes. Lasting about 20 seconds, each scene showed various creatures, vegetation and rocks in an underwater setting. In a subsequent recall task, both groups were equally likely to remember the larger fish. But the Japanese participants were better at recalling background information, such as the color of the water. This is because holistic thinking focuses on background and context just as much as foreground.The way Westerners describe themselves seems to be culturally bound. They tend to view themselves as free, autonomous and unique individuals, possessing a set of fixed characteristics. This feature regarding self-knowledge has even been demonstrated at the brain level. In a brain-scanning study, American participants were shown different adjectives. They were asked how well these adjectives represented themselves and how well these adjectives represented their mother. The study showed there was a clear difference in brain responses between thinking about the self and the mother.However, in many other parts of the world, people describe themselves primarily as a part of different social relationships and strongly connected with others. This is more prevalent in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The brain-scanning study with Chinese participants showed little or no difference between the self and the mother, suggesting that the self-presentation shared a large overlap with the presentation of the close relative.Clearly, the way we define ourselves is linked to differences in social relationships, motivation and upbringing. Culture has a massive effect on how we view ourselves and how we are perceived by others. The field，now known as “cross-cultural psychology”，is increasingly being taught at universities across the world. With more research, we may well find that cultural differences pervade into even more areas where human behavior was previously thought of as universal. But only by knowing about these effects will we ever be able to identify the core foundations of the human mind that we all share.

Smartphone ManiaDid your father’s old car just blow two rear tires on a rural dirt road? Don’t worry，pick up your smartphone and open a car service app. Whether you are stuck in a horrendous traffic jam or relaxing in a romantic restaurant，the smartphone, one of the world’s latest high-tech gadgets, may be either the answer to your prayers or a major thorn in your flesh. Like it or not, the smartphone is indispensable in your life. While this technological device positively affects society by providing instant communication，it also dehumanizes (使丧失性情)relationships and threatens an individual’s right to privacy.The smartphone’s positive effect on society stems from its ability to provide instant communication. The device is invaluable to car owners. Nothing makes a motorist with a defective engine happier than opening an app on his smartphone and receiving a message, “The tow truck should arrive in ten minutes.” Besides, smartphones help keep friends and family members in touch. For example, a minute before midnight, the parents of a 16-year-old can video call their son and gently shriek, "Get home now, or you will be grounded for the next six months.” In short，the smartphone’s ability to allow anyone to be reached at any time is a great comfort.Ironically, the technological device that binds society together also threatens to destroy it through the process of dehumanization. Just stride down the main street in the city and in less than five minutes you will observe a hundred passers-by ignoring each other as theymindlessly browse their Wechat moments. Literally, smartphones are replacing living, breathing human beings. Some phone owners, for example, can be heard whispering sweet nothings，such as “Where are you，darling?” to their beloved smartphones. The smartphone, along with other technological advancements，removes the “human” element from society. So, your boyfriend tried to pop the big question but you couldn’t hear him, because another diner’s smartphone conversation drowned out his soft，romantic words. Then，why did you kiss your phone yesterday after searching the map online when you were hopelessly lost in the center of the city? Even though smartphones, the great communicators, dehumanize relationships and threaten our privacy, they are too deeply embedded in today’s society to become obsolete.

Are you sometimes bothered by peer pressure, the strong feeling that you must follow the footsteps of other people of your age? What are the advantages or disadvantages of peer pressure? Write a 300-word expository essay to get across your idea.

Read the following passage carefully and compose a “Topic Outline” for it.Knowledge About Different Cultures Is Shaking the Foundations of PsychologyPsychology was developed largely in North America and Europe. Some would argue it’s been remarkably successful in understanding what drives human behavior and mental processes, which have long been thought to be universal. But in recent decades, some researchers have started questioning this approach, arguing that many psychological phenomena are shaped by the culture we live in.Consider which two of these objects go together: a panda, a monkey and a banana. Respondents from Western countries routinely select the two animals. This indicates an analytic thinking style, in which objects are largely perceived independently from their context. In contrast, participants from Eastern countries often select the monkey and the banana, because they share a relationship (monkeys eat bananas). This is a holistic thinking style, in which object and context are perceived to be correlated.In a classic demonstration of cultural differences in thinking styles, participants from Japan and the USA were presented with a series of animated scenes. Lasting about 20 seconds, each scene showed various creatures, vegetation and rocks in an underwater setting. In a subsequent recall task, both groups were equally likely to remember the larger fish. But the Japanese participants were better at recalling background information, such as the color of the water. This is because holistic thinking focuses on background and context just as much as foreground.The way Westerners describe themselves seems to be culturally bound. They tend to view themselves as free, autonomous and unique individuals, possessing a set of fixed characteristics. This feature regarding self-knowledge has even been demonstrated at the brain level. In a brain-scanning study, American participants were shown different adjectives. They were asked how well these adjectives represented themselves and how well these adjectives represented their mother. The study showed there was a clear difference in brain responses between thinking about the self and the mother.However, in many other parts of the world, people describe themselves primarily as a part of different social relationships and strongly connected with others. This is more prevalent in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The brain-scanning study with Chinese participants showed little or no difference between the self and the mother, suggesting that the self-presentation shared a large overlap with the presentation of the close relative.Clearly, the way we define ourselves is linked to differences in social relationships, motivation and upbringing. Culture has a massive effect on how we view ourselves and how we are perceived by others. The field, now known as “cross-cultural psychology”, is increasingly being taught at universities across the world. With more research, we may well find that cultural differences pervade into even more areas where human behavior was previously thought of as universal. But only by knowing about these effects will we ever be able to identify the core foundations of the human mind that we all share.

The following passage is incomplete with one paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words. Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided.Smartphone ManiaDid your father’s old car just blow two rear tires on a rural dirt road? Don't worry, pick up your smartphone and open a car service app. Whether you are stuck in a horrendous traffic jam or relaxing in a romantic restaurant, the smartphone, one of the world's latest high-tech gadgets, may be either the answer to your prayers or a major thorn in your flesh. Like it or not, the smartphone is indispensable in your life. While this technological device positively affects society by providing instant communication, it also dehumanizes （使失去人性）relationships and threatens an individual's right to privacy.The smartphone’s positive effect on society stems from its ability to provide instant communication. The device is invaluable to car owners. Nothing makes a motorist with a defective engine happier than opening an app on his smartphone and receiving a message, “The tow truck should arrive in ten minutes.” Besides, smartphones help keep friends and family members in touch. For example, a minute before midnight, the parents of a 16-ycar-old can video call their son and gently shriek, “Get home now, or you will be grounded for the next six months.” In short, the smartphone’s ability to allow anyone to be reached at any time is a great comfort.Ironically, the technological device that binds society together also threatens to destroy it through the process of dehumanization. Just stride down the main street in the city and in less than five minutes you will observe a hundred passers-by ignoring each other as they mindlessly browse their Wechat moments. Literally, smartphones are replacing living, breathing human beings. Some phone owners, for example, can be heard whispering sweet nothings, such as “Where are you, darling?" to their beloved smartphones. The smartphone, along with other technological advancements, removes the “human” element from society._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________So, your boyfriend tried to pop the big question but you couldn’t hear him, because another diner’s smartphone conversation drowned out his soft, romantic words. Then, why did you kiss your phone yesterday after searching the map online when you were hopelessly lost in the center of the city? Even though smartphones, the great communicators, dehumanize relationships and threaten our privacy, they are too deeply embedded in today’s society to become obsolete.

Nowadays, some traditional beliefs and customs tend to be less valued. Choose one such belief or custom and explain why you think it should be continued or maintained. Write a 300-word argumentative essay defending your views.

The Human Brain For centuries, people wondered about how the human brain works. Researchers were particularly concerned about its structure and functions. It was not long ago that scientists made the remarkable discovery that our brains are divided into two halves—left brain and right brain, and that each half has separate features and roles. The left brain is said to be the logical brain. It is the left brain that we use to solve mathematical problems and go think logically. For example, if you are asked how to make coffee, this is what happens. Your left brain begins to work; it searches its files for information on coffee making. If it finds the files, it begins relating what to do step by step. If it does not find any record, it says it does not know. The right brain is often called the creative brain. It has the function of thinking creatively. This contains all the artistic functions, including art and music appreciation. When you want to draw a picture or compose a piece of music or write poetry, it is the right brain that is in operation. When you come across a new situation in your life, your right brain gives ideas on how to tackle it. To some people, the left brain is dominant and to others, the right brain is. Of people who are good in mathematics and language expression—that is, putting into practice what they have learnt, we say that they are more left-brained. They are not very sensitive and believe in doing everything only after reasoning. They are very sharp at arguments. They are the type who will not believe in anything until they see it. Right-brained people are more artistic and have a good sense of music appreciation. They are also more sensitive and tend to be emotional. They are more open to new ideas and are willing to accept radical positions. Is the left brain better or the right brain? Both sides of the brain are equally important. In an ideal situation, a person should be exactly equal in both sides of the brain. However, as in most things, the ideal never happens. People are dominated by one or the other side of their brains. In order to function effectively in the world, we must learn to use both sides of the brain. In many situations that we meet in the world, there will be requirements for both sides of the brain to work together as partners. For example, when you want to write a story, which brain do you use? The answer is both brains. You need the right brain to think of the ideas and you need the left side to arrange everything in a logical sequence. You cannot go through life with only one side functioning. It’s fundamentally important for people to know these interesting facts about the human brains. However, many aspects concerning our brains still remain unknown. With scientists’ persistent efforts, more secrets of the human brain will be revealed.

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