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Little Steps, Big Reward① More than 145 million Americans take walking as part of their exercise, according to a recent report. That's 15 million more people walking than last year. Many places in America have reported an increase in walking. But most of the walkers are found in big cities like New York.② Despite the increase in walking, only about 30% of Americans say they have at least 3 hours to take exercise a week. Our society has been conditioned to be inactive. People rely on modern conveniences and become lazy. The inactive lifestyle has a negative aspect. We are more likely to be in poor health like overweight, which will threaten our life span. That's where walking comes in.③ Walking is the best way to improve our health. Just 30 minutes of regular quick walking can help lose weight. At the same time, it can help lower the risk of heart disease and some cancers, and improve our blood pressure. If 30 minutes is too much, we may divide it into three 10-minute parts during the day. Most of us can find 10 minutes if we really try.④ Walking requires only a pair of shoes and suits any schedules. Keep a pair of sport shoes at work. If you have a few minutes of free time, make use of them to take a quick walk. Even if you go to a health club several times a week, you can still look for ways to be active while at work. It may be walking downstairs for a direct talk rather than sending an email.⑤ Small efforts can make a big difference. But the hardest part for us is getting started. It's usually like this. When people get to a comfort level of walking for 10 minutes, they might think about trying 11 minutes. That first step is really worthy.1. Reports say that the walkers are mostly from___.2. Many diseases are largely caused by_.3. We can keep healthy by taking_.4. We can take a quick walk downstairs for_.5. When feeling good after a 10-minute walk___.

Universal GesturesGestures for victory, defeat and stress are almost the same in all countries.On the front page of a newspaper we often see the picture of people holding their head in shock. People put their hands on their head or over their mouth when they look on a scene with shock or horror.Chris Ulrich is an expert on body language. He said that covering your mouth or putting your hands on your head helps make you feel safer from a perceived threat. By covering part of your face you can feel hidden from the shocking event. Additionally these reactions can help a person comfort himself through touch. Ulrich said it is a self comforting gesture to help people in the moment.In times of strong anxiety, people will twist their hands to calm themselves. Ulrich said it is a reaction people often have when they are in front of an audience or nervous. "It's a comfort for them that they'll get through it," said Ulrich. He relates that gesture to a parent trying to calm a child.Most athletes react to victories or defeats with specific behaviors. A 2008 study examined pictures of judo (柔道) competitors during the 2008 Olympic Games. They were from different countries, but they showed similar behaviors when they won a match. The winners would throw their head back or raise their hands in triumph. Ulrich said these victory behaviors are a way winners "explode" out and take up more space.However, if an athlete suffers a loss, he will act in a way that makes him physically smaller, such as hanging his head. "When you lose, you want to disappear," said Ulrich. The study also found that the judo competitors had the same behavior when they lost.1. People put their hands over their mouth to___.2. People tend to twist their hands when they are_.3. In Paragraph 4, "that gesture" refers to_.4. Judo winners often act in a way that makes them_.5. The judo losers would___.

Who Is James Bond?The latest Bond film is an enormous box-office (票房) hit. But who is James Bond? Where does he come from? Author Ian Fleming, the creator of James Bond, told us something about the origins of the world's most famous secret agent. In the first Bond novel, Ian Fleming told us that James Bond was the son of a Scottish father and an Asian mother. But perhaps this was not really true. The title of the 19th Bond film, “The World Is Not Enough,” was based on the Latin motto of the Bond family, which is mentioned in one of the early novels. However, it now appears that the motto is not that of the Scottish Bonds, but that of a different Bond family, who came from England. So perhaps Bond is English, not Scottish. Bond went to Eton College, the same school as his creator Ian Fleming. This is a school where young people learn how to move in high society, like Bond does so well.After leaving school, Bond did not go to university. He joined the British Secret Service. He soon got promoted to the top. From then on he was 007, “licensed to kill”, and so began a career which would take him to all the corners of the earth. In the early days, Bond’s role was quite clear. He was working for the West. His main enemies were men from the KGB and other dangerous organizations. Since the end of the Cold War, the role of the Service has changed, and Bond’s job profile has changed with it. Now his main enemies are the big bosses of organized crime and international terrorism. Unlike the Cold War, organized crime is unlikely to come to an end. We can therefore be sure that James Bond, the best-known English fictional hero of the 20th century, has many more adventures ahead of him.1. The new Bond film made much money for its producer. ( )2. Ian Fleming directed the latest film about James Bond. ( )3. "The World Is Not Enough" is the name of a novel. ( )4. Bond is unable to move in high society. ( )5. Bond went to university before he became a secret agent. ( )6. The British Secret Service gave Bond many awards. ( )7. Bond went to many parts of the world because of his job. ( )8. Bond fought against many dangerous organizations. ( )9. We can expect more adventurous stories about Bond. ( )10. This text tells about the personality of James Bond. ( )

假设你的美国朋友John给你发来一封电子邮件，表示他对中国传统文化很感兴趣，希望你能为他简要介绍一个中国的传统节日(Traditional Chinese Festival)。以下是你给他回复邮件的主要内容：

Body ImageMany people are not satisfied (satisfy) with their body images. They are （1） (encourage) to have plastic surgeries (整形手术),diet plans, or diet pills.However, to build a positive body image （2） (require) a balanced diet and a （3） (health) lifestyle. In our daily life, to eat more fruits and （4） (vegetable) than meat will help us keep fit, and the best way to keep ourselves in shape is to do some vigorous exercise every day.Besides, a correct attitude is（5） (equal) important. We should not feel （6） (embarrass) about our bodies. We should not believe our body is a shame of personal （7） (fail). We do not need to be as （8） (attract) as everyone else. Instead, we should love ourselves rather than desire for （9） (possible) standards. We should have a real and clear understanding of our body parts, and appreciate our body for the way it is. In this way, we will feel （10） (comfort) and confident.

Education in New ZealandEducation in New Zealand is compulsory （强制的）between the ages of 6 and 16. All children between these ages must（1）school. Most children begin their schooling at 5. This period includes primary and secondary education, and it is（2）.Early childhood covers the period from birth to 6 years old. This period may include both care and education. There are many（3）such as play centers and kindergartens. More and more people are realizing the（4）of early childhood education. Now 60 percent of children under 5 join in some form of pre-school education.Children go to primary school for 8 years or up to the age of about 13. They（5）go to secondary schools for a further 5 years. Some students may decide to leave school at 16.Higher education（6）any education or training that takes place after secondary school. In New Zealand, this includes universities（7）,and training schools.New Zealand is（8）becoming multi-cultural. More and more international（9）are studying there. The education system is adapting to（10）the needs of different cultural groups.

Swiss BanksSwitzerland is well-known for chocolate and its watch-making industry. It is even more famous for its unique banking and financial system. （1） Banking in Switzerland goes back to the 18th century. In the past, not only rich people but also dictators （独裁者）kept their money in Swiss banks. During World War Ⅱ German Nazis （纳粹）put much of their money in Switzerlan（2） Swiss banks are popular for many reasons. （3）It enjoys one of the highest per capita （人均）incomes in the world. It has been neutral for many centuries, especially during the two world wars. In addition, the Swiss franc is one of the most stable currencies in the world.Most importantly, Swiss banks follow very strict privacy rules. In 1934, a law was passed that forbade Swiss banks to reveal the names of account holders. （4）If a Swiss banker reveals a person’s bank account without permission, he or she commits a crime. Such regulations have made Switzerland a popular destination for many people.Lately, however, the Swiss government has been under heavy pressure from other countries. （5） They want the banks to reveal the names of possible criminals.

Surviving Illness Away From HomeBeing ill is a horrible thing at the best of times, but what is even worse is when you are ill away from home. If you’re living away from home or abroad, it’s important to get better at your own pace in order to ensure you can enjoy the rest of your time away.① Pampering （娇惯）yourself is always a good start. If you feel so ill and tired that you can’t even get out of bed, then don’t! Make a trip to the kitchen and stock up on fluids and try to make yourself some hot food. The key to getting better is to drink lots of fluids. Water and hot drinks such as green tea and soup are usually the best things.② Try to distract yourself from feeling horrible. If you have a TV, watch one of your favorite films or TV series. If you don’t have a TV, maybe put the radio on. If you have a headache and all the noise is too much to handle, try reading the book you’ve always wanted to read but never had the time to. Being ill doesn’t have to be the worst day in the world!③ Tell your friends and family that you are ill. Sometimes there is nothing better than hearing words of comfort from loved ones who feel sorry for you and want to cheer you up and make you happy. There is nothing wrong with a little attention from others when you’re ill. Who knows, they might even be willing to travel and visit you with lots of “Get Well” presents like your favorite food, magazine or flowers.④ When you do arrive at a new place where you will be staying for a few months, make sure you know exactly where the nearest drugstore is. If you are in a foreign country, it might be best to translate a few useful phrases before you start asking for a cure.1.Paragraph①（）2.Paragraph②（）3.Paragraph③（）4.Paragraph④（）

What Happens When You Stop ExercisingHave you ever wondered what would happen if you stopped exercising? A new study on twins was published in the journal Medicine & Science. The results of the study are dramatic.In the study, researchers looked at 10 pairs of twin men. Each set of twins was in their mid-30s. Each had been brought up in the same family. Since they were identical, they shared the same DNA. They had maintained the same level of physical activity for most of their lives. But there was one difference. One twin of each set had cut on exercising in the past few years due to work or family pressure. On average, the less active twin exercised less than twice a week, while the active twin exercised at least twice a week. The research team put each twin through a set of medical tests to study their overall health.The results showed big differences. While the more active twins had lower body fat percentage, better endurance level, and normal sensitivity, the inactive twins had about seven more pounds of body fat, worse endurance, and signs of disease. Not only were their bodies different; their brains were different as well. The active twins had more gray matter (the information processing part of the brain), particularly in areas that control balance.The conclusion of the study is clear. Quitting your fitness routine can bring negative effects to your body and your brain as well. Considering the less active twins in the study had become couch potatoes (沉溺于看电视的人)only recently, these changes can sneak up on you a lot sooner than you’d think. So keep exercising. It is beneficial to your overall health!1.This text is mainly about（）.2.Researchers chose twins for their study mostly because they（）.3.The twins in the study differed in（）.4.The study found that the more active twins became（）.5.The phrase “sneak up on” （Para. 4） most probably means（）.

Animals in the CityRecently, there have been many reports in newspapers and on TV about big animals coming into towns and cities. What happens when big animals come into our cities? Is it a good thing or is it dangerous for us and the animals?Wild animals usually come into cities to look for food. In Cape Town, South Africa, baboons（狒狒）sometimes come into the suburbs. They eat fruit from gardens and go into people’s kitchens! Baboons are strong animals and sometimes they scare children and fight with pet dogs. Many people do not like them, but the city can be dangerous for baboons too. Sometimes, baboons are hurt in car accidents. The city council in Cape Town has a team of Baboon Monitors. Their job is to find baboons in the city and take them back to the countryside. The problem is that a lot of baboons will come back to the city to find food again.In Berlin, Germany, groups of wild pigs sometimes come into the city to look for food. They eat flowers and plants and dig in gardens and parks in the city. They also walk in the street and cause traffic accidents. Some city residents like the pigs and give them food. But the city council is worried about the traffic accidents. They have told people to stop giving the pigs food and have put up fences to stop the pigs from coming into the city.In Moscow, Russia, there are 35,000 wild dogs. They live in parks, empty houses,markets and train stations. Some of the dogs were pets that people did not want, so they left them on the streets. Others were born on the streets and have always lived there. A lot of people like them and are used to seeing them on the streets. They give the dogs food and water. They even build small huts for the dogs to live in during the very cold winter.1.Many news reports concern big animals in the city.（）2.Wild animals often come into cities for the winter.（）3.The food in kitchens can be bad for baboons.（）4.Cape Town is a safe place for baboons.（）5.Many baboons will return after being sent away from the city.（）6.There are more wild pigs in Berlin now than in the past.（）7.Wild pigs sometimes cause traffic problems in Berlin.（）8.Wild pigs started to come into Berlin years ago.（）9.No one knows the number of wild dogs in Moscow.（）10.Some people help the wild dogs survive the cold winter.（）

Please state the origin of the Renaissance and its expression in England.

Why was the Gaelic Athletic Association founded in Ireland?

What are the characteristics of solo dancing in Ireland?

What is the meaning of the word Aotearoa in New Zealand?

What are the differences between status Indians and nonstatus Indians in Canada?

What were the purposes of Australia’s immigration policies in the 1800s?

What does the word Hispanics refer to?

What immediate problem did Franklin D. Roosevelt face when he moved into the White House?

What makes the Midwest the most important agricultural area of the US?

What is a constitutional monarchy?

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