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下列有关I/O接口的叙述中，错误的是（）。

下列四个序列中，哪一个是堆（）。

DMA的电路中有程序中断部件，其作用是（）。

指令寄存器的主要功能是（）。

设连通图G采用邻接表存储，则深度优先遍历算法的时间复杂度是（）。

对于双向循环链表，每个结点有两个指针域next和prior，分别指向前驱和后继。在p指针所指向的结点之后插入s指针所指结点的操作应为（）。

负责电子邮件传输的应用层协议是（）。

使用快速排序算法对数据进行升序排序，若经过一次划分后得到的数据序列是68，11，70，23，80，77，48，81，93，88，则该次划分的轴枢（）。

下列说法错误的是（）。

物理层上处理的数据单位是比特。（）

下列给出的处理器类型中，理想情况下，CPI为1的是（）。Ⅰ.单周期CPUⅡ.多周期CPUⅢ.基本流水线CPUⅣ.超标量流水线CPU

执行系统调用的过程包括如下主要操作：①返回用户态 ②执行陷入(trap)指令③传递系统调用参数 ④执行相应的服务程序正确的执行顺序是（）。

如果要实现双向同时通信就必须要有两条数据传输线路。（）

在局域网中，网络应用服务程序主要安装在工作站上。（）

长度为4的字符串，其全部子串的数目为（）。

A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and them go home. Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio”, birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or brand them as aliens to be kicked out. That framework has contributed mightily to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle. Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes, including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.1.“Birds of passage” refers to those who （）.2.It is implied in Paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the U. S. （）. 3.According to the author, today’s birds of passage want （）. 4.The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated （）. 5.The most appropriate title for this text would be（）.

For years, studies have found that first-generation college students—those who do not have a parent with a college degree-lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students (who completed the project) at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree. Most of the first-generation students (59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need, while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students with at least one parent with a four-year degree.Their thesis—that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact—was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first-generation students “struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education, learn the ‘rules of the game,’ and take advantage of college resources,” they write. And this becomes more of a problem when collages don’t talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students. Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students’ educational experience, many first-generation students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students like them can improve.1.Recruiting more first-generation students has （）.2.The authors of the research article are optimistic because （）. 3.The study suggests that most first-generation students （）. 4.The author of the paper believe that first-generation students （）. 5.We may infer from the last paragraph that（）.

Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley's world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic "legacy" is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run－up to 2012－but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to "inspire a generation." The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally "grassroots", concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods－making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.1.According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has（）.2.The author believes that London's Olympic "legacy" has failed to （）. 3.Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it （）. 4.With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should （）. 5.The author's attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is（）.

向一棵m阶B-树进行关键字插入，当结点的关键字数目在插入之前为（）时，插入关键字时需要分裂该结点。

一组经过第一趟2路归并排序后的记录的关键字为{25，50，15，35，80，85，20，40，36，70}，其中包含5个长度为2的有序表，用2路归并排序方法对该序列进行第二趟归并后的结果为（）。

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