Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of(1) Gazing clown on the city from the Getty Centre, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state’s bad air (2) to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’ hearts and lungs are affected as a (3).
All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home of technological (4) ,makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in (5) . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are (6) to yield minute-to-minute maps of (7) air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.
To this end, Aclima has been (8) with Google’s Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s (9) were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work’’ days have done their job by (10) pollution lows.
1.[M]空格前为levels of“……的水平/程度”,空格处应填入名词。首句提到加州南部以雾霾闻名(reputation for smog),而洛杉矶是加州南部城市,可推测 Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States “洛杉矶是美国最差的城市”是就污染水平而言。词库中的名词pollutants,意为“污染物”,符合语义, 故选M项。
2.[N]空格所在句是倒装句,正常语序应为the state's bad air is not... to its south either. 因而空格处可填入能与to搭配的形容词或动词的过去分词。结合下一句的内容:中部峡谷地区的弗雷斯诺巿全年污染 (year-round pollution)在美国城市中位列榜首,由此可知,加州南部、中部污染都严重,故推测空格处要表达的是“不止南部”,词库中形容词restricted“受限的”可构成短语be restricted to,意为“仅限于……”,符合语义,故选N项。
3.[C]空格前为不定冠词a,空格处应填入单数名词。空格所在句提到,居民的心肺健康都受到了影响(are affected),这是上文提到的空气污染造成的后果,词库中的名词 consequence符合语义,as a consequence意为“因此,结果”,故选C项。
4.[J]介词of之后应为名词性短语,technological为形容词,空格处应填入名词。空格后提到:使该州成为开发和测试系统的理想之地(the place ideal for developing and testing systems),开发系统属于科技创新,词 库中的名词innovation“创新”,符合此处语义,故选J项。
5.[F]空格前为介词in,空格处需填入能与in搭配的名词,in...修饰前面的动词 monitor。下文提到这种系统能生成空气污染实时图(yield minute-to-minute maps of... air pollution),还能监测到大楼内部,包括办公室 的情况(keep an eye on... inside buildings...)。由此可知测试系统能详细地监测污染情况,词库中的名词 detail符合语义,in detail意为“具体地,详细地”,故选F项。词库中sum也能与in搭配,in sum意为“总 而言之”,常用于句首,填入句中语义不通,故排除。。
6.[K]空格前为系动词are,空格后为不定式符号to,空格处可填入形容词,也可填入动词的过去分词构成被动语态。 to yield minute-to-minute maps of... air pollution 意为“生成空气污染实时图”,这是 Aclima 公司监控站要达成的目标,词库中intended符合语法语义要求,be intended to do sth.意为“用于做某事”,故选K。
7.[L]空格前为介词of,空格后为名词短语air pollution,而maps of air pollution在语法上不缺成分,则空格处 应填入名词或形容词修饰 air pollution。由下一句中的 will also be able to keep an eye on... inside buildings可知,这些系统能检测室内外的空气污染,词库中形容词outdoor符合语义要求,故选L项。 domestic “家庭的”语义相反,为反向干扰,可排除。
8.[B]空格前为has been,推测空格处应填入动词的分词形式或形容词,且能与with搭配:词库中collaborating “合作”符合语义要求.填入后意为“Aclima —直在与谷歌的街景摄像系统合作”,句意通顺,故选B项。
9.[I]空格前为名词所有格city’s,空格后为were forced to “被迫”,可知空格处需填入复数名词作主语。use their cars “用他们的汽车”提示填入空格处的主语为人。前半句提到,交通工人罢工 (transit workers went on strike),由此导致的结果应该是广大居民被迫用私家车出行,词库中inhabitants符合语义语法要求,故选I项。词库中的consumers“消费者”也是表示人的名词,但“消费者”语义过于狭窄,不符合语境。
10.[E]空格前为介词by,空格后为名词pollution lows“污染最低记录”,空格处可填入能与pollution lows搭配 的动名词,词库中creating符合要求,填入后意为“创下最低记录”,句意通顺,故选E项。